El caracol terrestre Megalobulimus spp. ha sido registrado con gran frecuencia en cementerios prehispánicos de los oasis de San Pedro de Atacama, Chile, a pesar de su carácter ajeno al entorno desértico de esta región. Efectivamente, su hábitat se encuentra en el ambiente húmedo y tropical del noroeste de Argentina, por lo cual es señalado en la literatura arqueológica como indicador del intercambio de larga distancia, y que su función habría sido contener pigmentos colorantes. En este estudio multidisciplinario analizamos su presencia desde los contextos funerarios mismos, complementándolo con el análisis taxonómico de ejemplares arqueológicos y la revisión de datos biológicos-etológicos de dicho gasterópodo. Con ello presentamos datos inéditos respecto de la utilización de Megalobulimus en Atacama, brindando al mismo tiempo nueva información acerca de su vínculo con la práctica inhalatoria de sustancias sicoactivas. Concluimos que el significado simbólico del caracol podría vincularse a la renovación vital por medio del agua fertilizadora de la tierra, y que de ahí surgiría el interés por convertirlo en contenedor de sustancias pigmentarias, carbonáticas y/o alucinógenas. Así, dicho carácter simbólico permitiría explicar el rol que jugó el caracol Megalobulimus en las redes de intercambio ritual del área circumpuneña, y por extensión, en los Andes centro-sur.

The endemic, Critically Endangered greater Bermuda land snail Poecilozonites bermudensis is known from only two relict subpopulations. Little is known of its habitat preferences in the wild. Observations of released zoo-reared P. bermudensis suggested an affinity for limestone, which we investigated on Port's Island. Previous qualitative observations on Port's Island suggested an aversion to the litter of the invasive tree Casuarina equisetifolia, which we examined. Additionally, we hypothesized that snail abundance would increase with elevation, distance from the sea, and with increased plant species diversity. During 2 May–14 June 2018, we found 558 live P. bermudensis at 70 sites across Port's Island. We found no correlation between the number of live snails at a site and either the number of plant species, elevation or distance from the shoreline, but snails were significantly less abundant at sites dominated by C. equisetifolia. Significantly more snails were found around limestone features, indicating future reintroductions and searches for any undiscovered subpopulations should focus on limestone features where C. equisetifolia is absent.

This paper describes the distribution, population size and conservation needs of the land snail Gulella taitensis (Gastropoda: Streptaxidae) endemic to the Taita Hills, Kenya. The species was investigated using timed searches between July and December 2000. In total 37 snails were recorded from only five of nine forest fragments searched. The snail was generally more abundant in the smaller forest fragments. The species appears to be a forest specialist, exhibiting preference for the least disturbed sections of forest. The small population size, restricted distribution and concentration in the smallest and most fragile forest fragments suggests the species is on the brink of extinction. The species fulfills the requirements for changing its conservation status from Endangered to Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Promotion of the Forest Reserves to a conservation category that provides greater legal protection is necessary.