Optimizing health care workers’ (HCWs) willingness to respond (WTR) is critical in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) for proper health system functioning during extreme weather events. Pakistan frequently experiences weather-related disasters, but limited evidence is available to examine HCW willingness. Our study examined the association between WTR and behavioral factors among emergency department HCWs.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to September 2022 among HCWs from 2 hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. A survey tool was informed by Witte’s Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between WTR and attitudes/beliefs as well as EPPM profiles.

Twenty-nine percent of HCWs indicated a low WTR. HCWs using public transportation had a higher WTR. Perceived knowledge and skills, self-efficacy, and perceived impact of one’s response showed positive associations with WTR if required. Perception that one’s colleagues would report to work positively predicted WTR if asked. Consistent with the EPPM, HCWs with high efficacy and perceived threat were willing to respond to weather disasters.

Our findings highlight the need of strengthening WTR by promoting self-efficacy and enhancing accurate risk perception as a response motivator, among emergency department HCWs in Pakistan.

The perceived self-efficacy, framed by Bandura, is one of the most important concepts within Cognitive Social (Villegas Barahona et al., 2018). General self-efficacy is defined, as the global confidence a person has in order to perform tasks successfully (Stanley & Murphy, 1997). The perception of stress may be more for people with lower level of self-efficacy (Shilpa & Prasad, 2017).

Students often suffer from stress (Saleh et al., 2019) and student health intervention and prevention programs must therefore act on this variable. The French version the General Self-Efficacy Scale could be an element for the validation of these programs.

955 French students aged 17 to 67 (M = 22.22; SD = 5.1) participated to the study. We performed an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to determine the most appropriate factor structure then a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA).

Kaiser’s criterion pointed towards a one-factor model while Cattel’s criterion pointed towards a two-factor solution. Both models have been tested and the two-factor model seemed to be better. Indices showed an excellent fit between the model and the data (CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, SRMR = 0.035).

We have tested two models and one of them, the two-factor model, presented better psychometric qualities. However, the one-factor result is also satisfactory and it will be discussed in the communication.

The general understanding of the ‘vulnerability–stress model’ of mental disorders neglects the modifying impact of resilience-increasing factors such as coping ability.

Probing a conceptual framework integrating both adverse events and coping factors in an extended ‘vulnerability–stress–coping model’ of mental disorders, the effects of functional neuropeptide S receptor gene (NPSR1) variation (G), early adversity (E) and coping factors (C) on anxiety were addressed in a three-dimensional G × E × C model.

In two independent samples of healthy probands (discovery: n = 1403; replication: n = 630), the interaction of NPSR1 rs324981, childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ) and general self-efficacy as a measure of coping ability (General Self-Efficacy Scale, GSE) on trait anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) was investigated via hierarchical multiple regression analyses.

In both samples, trait anxiety differed as a function of NPSR1 genotype, CTQ and GSE score (discovery: β = 0.129, P = 3.938 × 10−8; replication: β = 0.102, P = 0.020). In A allele carriers, the relationship between childhood trauma and anxiety was moderated by general self-efficacy: higher self-efficacy and childhood trauma resulted in low anxiety scores, and lower self-efficacy and childhood trauma in higher anxiety levels. In turn, TT homozygotes displayed increased anxiety as a function of childhood adversity unaffected by general self-efficacy.

Functional NPSR1 variation and childhood trauma are suggested as prime moderators in the vulnerability–stress model of anxiety, further modified by the protective effect of self-efficacy. This G × E × C approach – introducing coping as an additional dimension further shaping a G × E risk constellation, thus suggesting a three-dimensional ‘vulnerability–stress–coping model’ of mental disorders – might inform targeted preventive or therapeutic interventions strengthening coping ability to promote resilient functioning.

Better understanding of the complex interplay among key determinants of functional outcome is crucial to promoting recovery in psychotic disorders. However, this is understudied in the early course of illness. We aimed to examine the relationships among negative symptoms, neurocognition, general self-efficacy and global functioning in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients using structural equation modeling (SEM).

Three hundred and twenty-one Chinese patients aged 26–55 years presenting with FEP to an early intervention program in Hong Kong were recruited. Assessments encompassing symptom profiles, functioning, perceived general self-efficacy and a battery of neurocognitive tests were conducted. Negative symptom measurement was subdivided into amotivation and diminished expression (DE) domain scores based on the ratings in the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms.

An initial SEM model showed no significant association between functioning and DE which was removed from further analysis. A final trimmed model yielded very good model fit (χ2 = 15.48, p = 0.63; comparative fit index = 1.00; root mean square error of approximation <0.001) and demonstrated that amotivation, neurocognition and general self-efficacy had a direct effect on global functioning. Amotivation was also found to mediate a significant indirect effect of neurocognition and general self-efficacy on functioning. Neurocognition was not significantly related to general self-efficacy.

Our results indicate a critical intermediary role of amotivation in linking neurocognitive impairment to functioning in FEP. General self-efficacy may represent a promising treatment target for improvement of motivational deficits and functional outcome in the early illness stage.