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2 results

  • Chapter 38 - Principles of Paediatric Resuscitation

  • Edited by James Ip, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, Grant Stuart, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, Isabeau Walker, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, Ian James, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London
  • Book:
    Core Topics in Paediatric Anaesthesia
    Published online:
    06 February 2025
    Print publication:
    13 February 2025, pp 420-439

  • Summary

    Centralisation of specialist services, such as paediatric critical care, major trauma, cardiac surgery or neurosurgery, improves outcomes. For the critically ill child, accessing specialist critical care services may require transfer, either primarily by a ‘front line’ ambulance (bypassing non-specialist centres) or secondarily by hospital teams after initial resuscitation and stabilisation in a non-specialist centre.

    This chapter describes the principles and practice of stabilisation and transport of the critically ill child between centres.

  • Characteristics and Outcomes of Emergency Transferred Patients with Foreign Body Airway Obstruction in Tokyo, Japan

  • Ryotaro Suga, Yutaka Igarashi, Tatsuya Norii, Takuya Kogure, Hiroki Kamimura, Yudai Yoshino, Kensuke Suzuki, Shoji Yokobori, Satoo Ogawa, Hiroyuki Yokota
  • Journal:
    Prehospital and Disaster Medicine / Volume 38 / Issue 3 / June 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    20 March 2023, pp. 326-331
    Print publication:
    June 2023
  • Introduction:

    Foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) is a life-threatening emergency, and the prognosis of patients with FBAO is greatly affected by the prehospital process. There are only a few large-scale studies analyzing prehospital process databases of the fire department.

    Study Objective:

    The aim of this study was to investigate whether characteristics of patients with FBAO were associated with prehospital factors and outcomes.

    Methods:

    In this retrospective observational study, patients transferred to the hospital by the Tokyo, Japan Fire Department for FBAO from 2017 through 2019 were included. The association between neurologically favorable survival among the characteristics of patients with FBAO and prehospital factors affecting the outcomes was evaluated.

    Results:

    Of the 2,429,175 patients, 3,807 (0.2%) patients had FBAO. The highest number of FBAO cases was 99 (2.6%), which occurred on January 1 (New Year’s Day), followed by 40 cases (1.1%) on January 2, and 28 cases (0.7%) on January 3. The number of patients who experienced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) caused by FBAO was 1,644 (43.2%). Comparing the OHCA and non-OHCA groups, there were significant differences in age, sex, time spent at the site, and distance between the site and hospital. Cardiac arrest was significantly lower in infants after FBAO (P < .001). In total, 98.2% of patients who did not have return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) before hospital arrival died within 30 days, a significantly higher mortality rate than that in patients who had ROSC (98.2% versus 65.8%; P < .001).

    Conclusions:

    Among patients who did not have ROSC following FBAO upon arrival at the hospital, 98.2% died within 30 days. Thus, it is important to remove foreign bodies promptly and provide sufficient ventilation to the patient at the scene to increase the potential for ROSC. Further, more precautions should be exercised to prevent FBAO at the beginning of the year.