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9 results

  • 1 - The Lateran Basilica to 1600

  • Edited by L. Bosman, Universiteit van Amsterdam, I. P. Haynes, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, P. Liverani, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Italy
  • Book:
    The Basilica of Saint John Lateran to 1600
    Published online:
    27 August 2020
    Print publication:
    17 September 2020, pp 1-5

  • Summary

    The Archbasilica of St John Lateran has been known by many names through its long history, the Basilica Aurea, the Basilica Constantiniana, the Archibasilica Sanctissimi Salvatoris et Sanctorum Iohannes Baptista et Evangelista in Laterano.This chapter outlines the vital role the world's first cathedral has played throughout history.From its earliest days the Basilica was central to the development of the Church.A summary history would note the synod of 313, convened at the so-called Domus Faustae to condemn Donatism even before the Basilicaߣs completion; synods of 649 against Monothelitism and 769 against Iconoclasm, and five ecumenical councils, each of profound importance, between 1123 and 1512.Intertwined with authoritative statements on Church governance from the palace and Patriarchum next to it, came a steady stream of teachings on proper form and liturgical practice as articulated within its walls.The chapter ends with the Holy Year of 1600.A visitor to the Lateran prior to the building projects that culminated then would have still been able to see many traces of Constantineߣs Basilica; key elements of the spolia that characterised its variegated interior still occupied the positions where their fourth-century builders had placed them.

  • 4 - Ground-Penetrating Radar Survey in the Saint John Lateran Basilica Complex

  • Edited by L. Bosman, Universiteit van Amsterdam, I. P. Haynes, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, P. Liverani, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Italy
  • Book:
    The Basilica of Saint John Lateran to 1600
    Published online:
    27 August 2020
    Print publication:
    17 September 2020, pp 52-70

  • Summary

    This chapter details the use of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) in the Lateran area.It offers an introduction to radar methodology before discussing results from targeted surveys inside the Archbasilica and to the north, west and south of the building. An important argument of the paper is that advanced interpretation of GPR results is best undertaken in conjunction with material derived from a range of other sources and specialist fields. The potential significance of project survey results for the interpretation of Roman topography, the construction of Constantineߣs Basilica and the development of the Patriarchium is considered.The possibility that the celebrated Triclinium of Leo III might have lain further south than previously believed is discussed in the light of findings to the north-east of the Archbasilica.

  • ‘The Basilica after the Primitive Christians’: Liturgy, Architecture and Anglican Identity in the Building of the Fifty New Churches

  • Christopher Moody
  • Journal:
    Journal of Anglican Studies / Volume 15 / Issue 1 / May 2017
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 May 2016, pp. 37-57

  • The London churches built by Nicholas Hawksmoor – the architect required by the Commission for the Fifty New Churches to provide a template for the new churches according to the principles laid down in 1712 – are often regarded as the idiosyncratic creations of the architect’s individual genius. They were, however, as much the creation of the particular intellectual, theological and political context of the late Stuart period, an expression of a high church attempt to reconnect the Church of England with the early centuries of the Christian Church, particularly the great basilicas built under Constantine and Justinian. Conservative in intent, they were at the same time fed by the new spirit of intellectual enquiry led by the Royal Society and the expansion of global trade at the start of the eighteenth century. These express a new Anglican denominational identity as the inheritor of the ‘purest’ traditions of the ‘primitive’ church, ancient yet modern, orthodox and, at the same time, reformed: one that still influences discussion across the Communion today.

  • Troilos and Achilles: A Monumental Statue Group from Aphrodisias

  • R. R. R. Smith, C. H. Hallett
  • Journal:
    The Journal of Roman Studies / Volume 105 / November 2015
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    03 August 2015, pp. 124-182
    Print publication:
    November 2015

  • A remarkable blue-grey marble horse with a white marble rider, found in the Basilica at Aphrodisias, has been a focus of recent research. The article describes the archaeology and history of the monument — how it can be reconstructed, with its base and in its precise setting in the Basilica. The group was a daring composition that had already fallen and been restored once in antiquity. What emerges is firstly a new full-size hellenistic-style statue group whose subject can be identified as Troilos and Achilles, and secondly a striking example of the long second lives of classical statues in Late Antiquity. The horse was a great public monument of the early imperial period that was moved to the Basilica probably in the mid-fourth century a.d., where it has a well-documented context. The subject of the group can be identified both from epigraphy and from its iconographic antecedents, and its version of the subject can be related to a particular strand in the rich later literary representations of the story.1

  • 16 - The stucco crucifix of Saint Peter's reconsidered

  • Edited by Rosamond McKitterick, University of Cambridge, John Osborne, Carleton University, Ottawa, Carol M. Richardson, University of Edinburgh, Joanna Story, University of Leicester
  • Book:
    Old Saint Peter's, Rome
    Published online:
    18 December 2013
    Print publication:
    07 November 2013, pp 306-323

  • Summary

    In modern scholarly literature the identification of the columns as spolia has been accepted widely, based on the fact that there were no uniform rows of columns of the same material in the basilica. Instead, they were a vari-coloured group of column shafts. This labelling of the columns as spolia is very interesting because it seems to imply that the ideal for such a colonnade in Late Antiquity would have been rows of columns of the same material. Constantine was the emperor honoured in the arch which was raised for him, but in the same period it might be problematic to call him the patron of the two churches, as distinct from acting as the benefactor of these two large Christian basilicas. On the other hand, the Basilica Salvatoris was originally known as the Basilica Constantiniana.

  • Bibliography

  • Edited by Rosamond McKitterick, University of Cambridge, John Osborne, Carleton University, Ottawa, Carol M. Richardson, University of Edinburgh, Joanna Story, University of Leicester
  • Book:
    Old Saint Peter's, Rome
    Published online:
    18 December 2013
    Print publication:
    07 November 2013, pp 416-466

  • Summary

    Though the new Eastern feast of the Annunciation was adopted in the Latin West in the course of late seventh century, only one basilica developed in its liturgy a theological rationale for the new feast. The basilica was Saint Peter's on the Vatican. The liturgy of Saint Peter's on the Vatican was in the care of monks of Saint Martin. In Alfarano's plan, the chapel of the monastery is marked: just outside the western end of the basilica, slightly to the south of the apse. The author's example of how the liturgy at Saint Peter's looked out to a wider world beyond Rome is the celebration of All Saints in the chapel in front of the martyrium of Saint Peter, to the south side of the nave, in parte virorum. Saint Peter was chief of the apostles, who had been told by Christ to 'go therefore, teach ye all nations'.

  • 18 - Filarete's renovation of the Porta Argenteaat Old Saint Peter's

  • Edited by Rosamond McKitterick, University of Cambridge, John Osborne, Carleton University, Ottawa, Carol M. Richardson, University of Edinburgh, Joanna Story, University of Leicester
  • Book:
    Old Saint Peter's, Rome
    Published online:
    18 December 2013
    Print publication:
    07 November 2013, pp 348-370

  • Summary

    The first section of the Liber Pontificalis was completed in c. 535. It presents a history of the popes from Saint Peter to Pope Silverius in the form of serial biography. The original conception and structure of the Liber Pontificalis then determined the form of the subsequent extension added between 625 and 638 in the pontificate of Honorius. Saint Peter's status as a shrine is greatly enhanced by the Liber Pontificalis's records of the gifts and visits from foreign kings and envoys. Yet both Saint Peter's and the pope himself acquire an interesting role in diplomacy. Liber Pontificalis only records the orchestration of papal burials. Saint Peter's basilica and its various functions as one key focus of the stational liturgy, venue for councils, pilgrimage site, art treasure and holy place, are all deployed by the Liber Pontificalis authors to enhance and promote papal authority.

  • 15 - The Legendary of Saint Peter's basilica

  • Edited by Rosamond McKitterick, University of Cambridge, John Osborne, Carleton University, Ottawa, Carol M. Richardson, University of Edinburgh, Joanna Story, University of Leicester
  • Book:
    Old Saint Peter's, Rome
    Published online:
    18 December 2013
    Print publication:
    07 November 2013, pp 287-305

  • Summary

    A thoroughly revisionist account of the historical origins of the basilica was published by Glen Bowersock, who proposed that the foundation and construction of the basilica should be attributed not to Constantine, but probably to Constans. This chapter takes the doubts they have raised as an opportunity to reconsider both the chronology of the fourth-century basilica, and also the evidence for possible changes in its design during construction. An inscription, referring unambiguously to Constantine as the founder of Saint Peter's, was located on the triumphal arch of the basilica and was executed in letters of gold, forming part of a mosaic scene. Whatever the precise chronology of the preceding stages of development, the remodelling or rebuilding of the apse in its definitive form seems to have followed on only after the accession in 337 of Constans, whose probable stamp occurred on bricks used in its construction.

  • 14 - Plus Caesare Petrus

  • Edited by Rosamond McKitterick, University of Cambridge, John Osborne, Carleton University, Ottawa, Carol M. Richardson, University of Edinburgh, Joanna Story, University of Leicester
  • Book:
    Old Saint Peter's, Rome
    Published online:
    18 December 2013
    Print publication:
    07 November 2013, pp 274-286

  • Summary

    Saint Peter's appears from its foundation to function as a centre of assistance for the poor. The zone of the basilica of Saint Peter attracted throngs of the poor right from the start, even though they are better attested in later periods. Gregory the Great recorded the alms that the shoemaker Deusdedit gave every Saturday to the poor of Saint Peter's. Through the imperial connection and through the authority of the apostle, the basilica of Saint Peter was also the place in which delicate political and religious questions could be raised that interested both the emperor and the Roman bishop. It is clearly an exaggeration to say that Saint Peter's incorporated the city of Rome, but certainly the basilica succeeded in acting as a strong force field for the city, and one that is manifest in the physical and functional structures of the urban fabric.