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1 results

  • Chapter 1 - The Determination of Man

  • from Part I - Recasting German Protestantism, 1750–1790
  • Michael Printy, Yale University, Connecticut
  • Book:
    Enlightenment's Reformation
    Published online:
    21 December 2024
    Print publication:
    05 December 2024, pp 33-57

  • Summary

    This chapter explores theologian and pastor Johann Joachim Spalding’s immensely popular Bestimmung des Menschen (eleven editions between 1748 and 1804), its reverberations throughout the German Enlightenment, and the ways in which it intersected with both philosophical and religious questions about humankind’s place in the world. The chapter discusses the ways in which religious thinkers attempted to provide new “apologies” for Christianity against deism and atheism, how they did so in a modern, literary German that solidified their positions in the public sphere, and how these interventions also shaped philosophical discourse in the eighteenth century.