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1 results

  • 2 - Origins and Evolution of the Exclusive Economic Zone

  • from Part I - The Development and Status of the Exclusive Economic Zone
  • Zhen Sun, World Maritime University
  • Book:
    Finding a Balance in the Exclusive Economic Zone
    Published online:
    17 January 2025
    Print publication:
    23 January 2025, pp 13-36
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  • Summary

    This chapter traces the historical roots of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ), which lie in the earliest claims of national jurisdiction over marine resources of various types. The Truman Proclamations made in 1945 by the United States marked the beginning of contemporary national practices, which were closely followed by the resource-oriented extension of the maritime claims made by the Latin American States and the African States, before spreading to other parts of the world. This process was reflected in different ways in the three United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea – first as successful Western opposition, then as stalemate, then as widespread and eventually universal acceptance of a compromised solution. This historical process has demonstrated that the essential aim of the national claims beyond the territorial sea was for economic benefits without the intention to unduly interrupting navigation and communication.