Ramsey algebras are an attempt to investigate Ramsey spaces generated by algebras in a purely combinatorial fashion. Previous studies have focused on the basic properties of Ramsey algebras and a few specific examples. In this article, we study the properties of Ramsey algebras from a structural point of view. For instance, we will see that isomorphic algebras have the same Ramsey algebraic properties, but elementarily equivalent algebras need not be so, as expected. We also answer an open question about Cartesian products of Ramsey algebras.

The generic ultrafilter ${\cal G}_2 $ forced by ${\cal P}\left( {\omega \times \omega } \right)/\left( {{\rm{Fin}} \otimes {\rm{Fin}}} \right)$ was recently proved to be neither maximum nor minimum in the Tukey order of ultrafilters ([1]), but it was left open where exactly in the Tukey order it lies. We prove ${\cal G}_2 $ that is in fact Tukey minimal over its projected Ramsey ultrafilter. Furthermore, we prove that for each ${\cal G}_2 $, the collection of all nonprincipal ultrafilters Tukey reducible to the generic ultrafilter ${\cal G}_k $ forced by ${\cal P}\left( {\omega ^k } \right)/{\rm{Fin}}^{ \otimes k} $ forms a chain of length k. Essential to the proof is the extraction of a dense subset εk from (Fin⊗k)+ which we prove to be a topological Ramsey space. The spaces εk, k ≥ 2, form a hierarchy of high dimensional Ellentuck spaces. New Ramsey-classification theorems for equivalence relations on fronts on εk are proved, extending the Pudlák–Rödl Theorem for fronts on the Ellentuck space, which are applied to find the Tukey and Rudin–Keisler structures below ${\cal G}_k $.