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6 results

  • Mood disorders influencing endometriosis and adenomyosis: Mendelian randomisation study

  • Panyu Chen, Lei Jia, Cong Fang, Manchao Li
  • Journal:
    BJPsych Open / Volume 10 / Issue 3 / May 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 April 2024, e83
    • Article
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      • Open access
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  • Background

    Many studies have found an association between mood-disorder-related traits and endometriosis and adenomyosis. However, the cause–effect relationship remains unclear.

    Aims

    We conducted Mendelian randomisation analyses to evaluate any causal relationship between mood disorders and endometriosis as well as different sites of endometriosis.

    Method

    Summary-level statistics for mood-disorder-related traits and endometriosis (8288 cases, 68 969 controls) in European populations were derived from large-scale data-sets of genome-wide association studies. A two-sample Mendelian randomisation was performed using the inverse-variance weighted and weight median methods. Further sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity, pleiotropy and leave-one-out analyses, were conducted to test the consistency of the results.

    Results

    Genetically determined mood swings (odds ratio = 2.557, 95% CI: 1.192–5.483, P = 0.016) and major depression (odds ratio = 1.233, 95% CI: 1.019–1.493, P = 0.031) were causally associated with an increased risk of endometriosis. Mood swings (odds ratio = 4.238, 95% CI: 1.194–15.048, P = 0.025) and major depression (odds ratio = 1.512, 95% CI: 1.052–2.173, P = 0.025) were also causally associated with the risk of adenomyosis. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of the results.

    Conclusions

    Our results suggest that mood-disorder-related traits increase the risk of endometriosis and adenomyosis. This study provides new insights into the potential pathogenesis of endometriosis and adenomyosis, and highlights the importance of preventing endometriosis and adenomyosis in patients with mood-disorder-related traits.

  • MiR-30c-5p Directly Targets MAPK1 to Regulate the Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Adenomyotic Epithelial Cells in Adenomyosis

  • Airong Zhang, Xiujuan Liu, Juan Wang, Kui Deng, Jianghua Wang
  • Journal:
    Twin Research and Human Genetics / Volume 24 / Issue 1 / February 2021
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 March 2021, pp. 22-28
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  • The purpose of our study was to elucidate the functions of miR-30c-5p on adenomyosis for exploring novel treatment strategies. We first detected the expression of miR-30c-5p in clinical adenomyotic tissues and isolated endometrial cells from adenomyotic tissues. Next, gain and loss-of-function assays were performed to detect the effect of miR-30c-5p on adenomyotic endometrial cells. Further, luciferase assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction as well as western blot were conducted to investigate the potential target of miR-30c-5p; and transwell assay, wound-healing assay and CCK-8 assay were used to evaluate the effects of miR-30c-5p and its target on regulating biological functions of adenomyotic endometrial cells. Our results found that miR-30c-5p was down-regulated in both adenomyosis tissues and adenomyotic epithelial cells, which correlated with dysmenorrhea, longer duration of symptoms and more menstrual bleeding. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-30c-5p inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of adenomyotic epithelial cells, where miR-30c-5p knockdown had an opposite effect. Furthermore, we confirmed mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) was one of the direct targets of miR-30c-5p, indicating its important role in miR-30c-5p-mediated suppression of proliferation, invasion and migration in adenomyotic epithelial cells. This study showed that the interaction of miR-30c-5p with MAPK1 can regulate the proliferation, invasion and migration in adenomyotic epithelial cells.

  • Chapter 4 - Uterine and Tubal Causes of Infertility

  • Edited by Siladitya Bhattacharya, University of Aberdeen, Mark Hamilton, University of Aberdeen
  • Book:
    Reproductive Medicine for the MRCOG
    Published online:
    25 February 2021
    Print publication:
    25 February 2021, pp 31-42

  • Summary

    Uterine and tubal abnormalities alone or in combination with other factors are present in 17%–25% of all couples who seek care for infertility treatment. The prevalence is higher in older women and in those with secondary infertility. Although suspected at the history, it is usually confirmed by ultrasound/ laparoscopy and/or MRI depending on the cause. Multiple pathologies are identified under the umbrella of tubal and uterine factors, some are associated with infertility but very few are proven to be the only cause of infertility. Treatment depends on the condition. It ranges from no intervention to surgery to in vitro fertilisation (IVF). With advances in the technology of IVF, surgery is becoming a lost art, especially for tubal factors. Various surgical techniques have been suggested for uterine factors. Given most tubal and uterine factors have association rather than causation for infertility, the effect of surgery on improving fertility is debatable. We will discuss the causes of uterine and tubal factors, their implications on fertility, diagnostic modalities and treatment options with limitations of the available evidence. A good history and a high index of suspicion along with primary and secondary prevention of tubal and uterine factor infertility are important to prevent long-term implications.

  • Chapter 24 - Ultrasonography and IVF

  • from Section 3: - Ultrasonography in assisted reproduction
  • Edited by Botros R. M. B. Rizk, University of South Alabama
  • Book:
    Ultrasonography in Reproductive Medicine and Infertility
    Published online:
    07 September 2011
    Print publication:
    25 March 2010, pp 193-201

  • Summary

    Clinically, adenomyosis is usually seen in women in their thirties but has been seen from the early twenties into the postmenopausal period. Pathologically, adenomyosis is confirmed if there are ectopic endometrial glands and stroma in the myometrium. This induces hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the adjacent smooth muscle, causing uterine enlargement. The sonographic diagnosis of fibroids has long been confused with that of adenomyosis. Leiomyomata or fibroids are common in women, with an increased incidence of 7 times in blacks and nulliparous women. In adenomyosis, the myometrium has areas of increased echogenicity that may be subtle and best appreciated with higher-resolution ultrasound scanners. The diagnosis of adenomyosis should not depend only on the sonographic appearance but must rather consider the whole picture or triad of history, sonographic features, and signs of tenderness. Adenomyosis has been suspected as cause of infertility. The treatment of adenomyosis is mainly symptomatic.

  • Chapter 31 - Ectopic pregnancy

  • from Section 4: - Early pregnancy after infertility treatment
  • Edited by Botros R. M. B. Rizk, University of South Alabama
  • Book:
    Ultrasonography in Reproductive Medicine and Infertility
    Published online:
    07 September 2011
    Print publication:
    25 March 2010, pp 259-270

  • Summary

    Adenomyosis is a common disorder in the gynecologic population that consists of the presence of endometrial glands and stroma in the myometrium. Adenomyosis is associated with chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and feelings of pressure low in the pelvis due to uterine enlargement. Infection of the pelvis causes pain by several different mechanisms: pelvic inflammatory disease, puerperal infections, postoperative gynecologic surgery, and abortion-related infections. Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is a pelvic pain syndrome caused by retrograde flow in an incompetent ovarian vein. Symptoms associated with PCS include a shifting location of pain, deep dyspareunia, and postcoital pain, with exacerbation of symptoms after prolonged standing. Ultrasound is a very useful tool for evaluating chronic pelvic pain sufferers. Patients have better satisfaction due to their understanding of their pain, with a goal of better productivity and return to normal function.

  • Chapter 23 - Ultrasonographic evaluation of chronic pelvic pain

  • from Section 2: - Ultrasonography in infertility
  • Edited by Botros R. M. B. Rizk, University of South Alabama
  • Book:
    Ultrasonography in Reproductive Medicine and Infertility
    Published online:
    07 September 2011
    Print publication:
    25 March 2010, pp 187-192

  • Summary

    Ovarian cystic endometriosis, endometrioma, may present on ultrasonography as an easily identifiable hyper-refringent adnexal mass and the most frequent variation. Different studies have tried to evaluate the diagnostic capacity of transvaginal sonography (TVS) in deep endometriosis. When ultrasonographic findings were compared with surgical findings and pathology reports, a low sensitivity (around 30%) was reported for vaginal or rectovaginal septum endometriosis, with a high rate of false negatives. Infertile women with endometriosis have a higher prevalence of associated functional images, such as unruptured luteinized follicles, hydrosalpinges, adenomyosis, and/or intraovarian endometriosis that may interfere with oocyte retrieval. The role of TVS in the diagnosis of extraovarian endometriosis, an area where magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proved to be much more beneficial, is yet to be established. MRI offers a better suggestive diagnosis of adenomyosis than TVS due to its lower interobserver variability.