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Fluridone and acetochlor cause unacceptable injury to pumpkin

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2019

J. Harrison Ferebee IV ,
Charles W. Cahoon Jr. Open the ORCID record for Charles W. Cahoon Jr. [Opens in a new window] ,
Thierry E. Besançon ,
Michael L. Flessner ,
David B. Langston ,
Thomas E. Hines ,
Hunter B. Blake  and
M. Carter Askew
J. Harrison Ferebee IV
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
Charles W. Cahoon Jr.*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Crop and Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
Thierry E. Besançon
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
Michael L. Flessner
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
David B. Langston
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
Thomas E. Hines
Affiliation:
Research Specialist, Department of Plant Pathology Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
Hunter B. Blake
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Plant Pathology Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
M. Carter Askew
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Plant Pathology Physiology, and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Charles W. Cahoon Jr., Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Residual herbicides are routinely applied to control troublesome weeds in pumpkin production. Fluridone and acetochlor, Groups 12 and 15 herbicides, respectively, provide broad-spectrum PRE weed control. Field research was conducted in Virginia and New Jersey to evaluate pumpkin tolerance and weed control to PRE herbicides. Treatments consisted of fomesafen at two rates, ethalfluralin, clomazone, halosulfuron, fluridone, S-metolachlor, acetochlor emulsifiable concentrate (EC), acetochlor microencapsulated (ME), and no herbicide. At one site, fluridone, acetochlor EC, acetochlor ME, and halosulfuron injured pumpkin 81%, 39%, 34%, and 35%, respectively, at 14 d after planting (DAP); crop injury at the second site was 40%, 8%, 19%, and 33%, respectively. Differences in injury between the two sites may have been due to the amount and timing of rainfall after herbicides were applied. Fluridone provided 91% control of ivyleaf morningglory and 100% control of common ragweed at 28 DAP. Acetochlor EC controlled redroot pigweed 100%. Pumpkin treated with S-metolachlor produced the most yield (10,764 fruits ha–1) despite broadcasting over the planted row; labeling requires a directed application to row-middles. A separate study specifically evaluated fluridone applied PRE at 42, 84, 126, 168, 252, 336, and 672 g ai ha–1. Fluridone resulted in pumpkin injury ≥95% when applied at rates of ≥168 g ai ha–1; significant yield loss was noted when the herbicide was applied at rates >42 g ai ha–1. We concluded that fluridone and acetochlor formulations are unacceptable candidates for pumpkin production.

Keywords

Robert Nurse, Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaAcetochlorclomazoneethalfluralinfomesafenfluridonehalosulfuronS-metolachlorcommon ragweedAmbrosia artemisiifolia L.ivyleaf morningglory, Ipomoea hederacea Jacq.redroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L.pumpkin, Cucurbita pepo L.Crop toleranceherbicide resistance managementpreemergence herbicidesresiduals
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 33 , Issue 5 , October 2019 , pp. 748 - 756
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2019 

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Footnotes

*

This article has been corrected since its original publication. Please see doi: 10.1017/wet.2019.77

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