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Confirmation and Management of Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) Resistant to Diclosulam

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Aman Chandi ,
David L. Jordan ,
Alan C. York  and
Bridget R. Lassiter
Aman Chandi
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695
David L. Jordan*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695
Alan C. York
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695
Bridget R. Lassiter
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Selection for biotypes of common ragweed expressing resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)–inhibiting herbicides has increased in North Carolina and surrounding states. Research was conducted in North Carolina to confirm common ragweed resistance to diclosulam and to compare herbicide programs designed to control ALS-resistant common ragweed in corn, cotton, peanut, and soybean. In greenhouse experiments, 50% inhibition values following POST application of diclosulam for mortality of plants, visual estimates for percentage of control, and percentage of reduction in plant fresh weight were 557- to 653-fold higher for the suspected ALS-resistant biotype compared with a suspected ALS-susceptible biotype. Herbicides with different modes of action, including atrazine, dicamba, and glyphosate in corn; fomesafen, glyphosate, MSMA, and prometryn in cotton; bentazon, flumioxazin, and lactofen in peanut; and flumioxazin, glyphosate, and lactofen in soybean controlled common ragweed more effectively than programs relying on cloransulam-methyl (soybean), diclosulam (peanut), thifensulfuron (corn), and trifloxysulfuron (cotton), which typically control nonresistant common ragweed populations. Applying tank-mix or sequential applications of herbicides with different modes of action was effective in controlling ALS-resistant common ragweed in all crops.

La selección de biotipos de Ambrosia artemisiifolia que manifiestan resistencia a herbicidas inhibidores de la acetolactato sintetasa (ALS) ha aumentado en Carolina del Norte y estados circunvecinos. Se realizó una investigación en Carolina del Norte para confirmar la resistencia de A. artemisiifolia a diclosulam y para comparar programas de herbicidas diseñados para controlar la A. artemisiifolia resistente a herbicidas ALS en los cultivos de maíz, algodón, maní y soya. En experimentos de invernadero, los valores I50 después de la aplicación posemergente de diclosulam para la mortalidad de las plantas, estimaciones visuales del porcentaje de control y la reducción porcentual en el peso fresco de la planta, fueron 557 a 653 veces mayores para el biotipo sospechoso de resistencia a herbicidas ALS, en comparación con un biotipo sospechoso de ser susceptible a ALS. Los herbicidas con diferentes modos de acción incluyendo: atrazina, dicamba y glifosato en maíz; fomesafen, glifosato, MSMA, y prometrina en algodón; bentazon, flumioxazin y lactofen en maní; y flumioxazin, glifosato y lactofen en soya, controlaron a A. artemisiifolia más efectivamente que los programas que dependen de cloransulam (soya), diclosulam (maní), thifensulfuron (maíz), y trifloxysulfuron (algodón) que típicamente controlan las poblaciones de A. artemisiifolia no resistentes. Las aplicaciones de herbicidas en mezclas o en secuencia con diferentes modos de acción, fueron efectivas para controlar la A. artemisiifolia resistente a herbicidas ALS en todos los cultivos.

Keywords

Atrazinecloransulam-methyldicambadiclosulamflumioxazinfomesafenglyphosatelactofenprometryntrifloxysulfuroncommon ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.corn, Zea mays L.cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.peanut, Arachis hypogaea L.soybean, Glycine max (L.) MerrHerbicide resistanceweed management
Type
Weed Management—Major Crops
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 26 , Issue 1 , March 2012 , pp. 29 - 36
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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