Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T19:20:13.517Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of Nitrogen and Humidity on Rhizome Bud Growth and Glyphosate Translocation in Quackgrass (Agropyron repens)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Gordon I. McIntyre  and
Andrew I. Hsiao
Gordon I. McIntyre
Affiliation:
Res. Stn., Box 440, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada S4P 3A2
Andrew I. Hsiao
Affiliation:
Res. Stn., Box 440, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada S4P 3A2
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

When buds on the rhizome of quackgrass [Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv.] were released from apical dominance either by increasing the nitrogen supply to the parent shoot (from 5.25 to 210 ppm) or by raising the humidity around the rhizome (from 55 to 100%), the growth response of the buds was closely correlated with their uptake of foliar-applied 14C-labeled glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl] glycine]. The 14C level in the buds, expressed on a dry-weight basis, was greatest in the youngest, most rapidly growing bud at the apical node and decreased in successively older buds along the rhizome. A similar gradient was shown by the 14C content of the associated rhizome nodes. The high-humidity treatment also increased the total amount of 14C that was translocated into the rhizome, whereas increasing the nitrogen supply, while promoting 14C uptake by the buds, markedly reduced the amount in the rhizome nodes and in other parts of the plant. This nitrogen-induced reduction in translocation was associated with a reduction of about 30% in uptake of the herbicide by the treated leaves.

Keywords

Apical dominancewater stress
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 30 , Issue 6 , November 1982 , pp. 655 - 660
Copyright
Copyright © 1982 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Baird, D. D., Upchurch, R. P., Hamesley, W. B., and Franz, J. E. 1971. Introduction of a new broad-spectrum postemergence herbicide class with activity for herbaceous perennial weed control. Res. Rep., North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 26:64–68.Google Scholar
2. Brockman, F. E., Duke, W. B., and Hunt, J. F. 1973. Agronomic factors influencing the effectiveness of glyphosate for quackgrass control. Proc. Northeast. Weed Control Conf. 27:21–29.Google Scholar
3. Chase, R. L. and Appleby, A. P. 1979. Effects of humidity and moisture stress on glyphosate control of Cyperus rotundus L. Weed Res. 19:241–246.Google Scholar
4. Claus, J. S. and Behrens, R. 1976. Glyphosate translocation and quackgrass rhizome bud kill. Weed Sci. 24:149–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Coupland, D. and Caseley, J. C. 1979. Presence of 14C activity in root exudates and guttation fluid from Agropyron repens treated with 14C-labelled glyphosate. New Phytol. 83:17–22.Google Scholar
6. Crafts, A. S. 1964. Herbicide behaviour in the plant. Pages 75–100 In Audus, L. J., ed. The Physiology and Biochemistry of Herbicides. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
7. Currier, H. B. and Dybing, C. D. 1959. Foliar penetration of herbicides– review and present status. Weeds 7:195–222.Google Scholar
8. Gottrup, O., O'Sullivan, P. A., Schraa, R. J., and Vanden Born, W. H. 1976. Uptake, translocation, metabolism and selectivity of glyphosate in Canada thistle and leafy spurge. Weed Res. 16:197–201.Google Scholar
9. Hoagland, D. R. and Arnon, D. I. 1939. The water culture method of growing plants without soil. Calif. Agric. Exp. Stn. Circ. 347.Google Scholar
10. Holm, G. L., Plucknett, D. L., Pancho, J. V., and Herberger, J. P. 1977. The World's Worst Weeds. Distribution and Biology. Hawaii Univ. Press, Honolulu. 609 pp.Google Scholar
11. Hunter, J. H. and McIntyre, G. I. 1974. Factors affecting the translocation of 2,4-D in leafy spurge. Weed Sci. 22:167–171.Google Scholar
12. Johnson, B. C. and Buchholtz, K. P. 1961. An in vitro method of evaluating the activity of buds on the rhizomes of quackgrass (Agropyron repens . Weeds 9:600–606.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. McIntyre, G. I. 1965. Some effect of the nitrogen supply on the growth and development of Agropyron repens L. Beauv. Weed Res. 5:1–12.Google Scholar
14. McIntyre, G. I. 1967. Environmental control of bud and rhizome development in the seedling of Agropyron repens L. Beauv. Can. J. Bot. 45:1189–1197.Google Scholar
15. McIntyre, G. I. 1972. Studies on bud development in the rhizome of Agropyron repens. II. The effect of the nitrogen supply. Can. J. Bot. 50:393–401.Google Scholar
16. McIntyre, G. I. 1976. Apical dominance in the rhizome of Agropyron repens: the influence of water stress on bud activity. Can. J. Bot. 54:2747–2754.Google Scholar
17. McIntyre, G. I. 1981. Apical dominance in the rhizome of Agropyron repens: the influence of humidity and light on the regenerative growth of isolated rhizomes. Can. J. Bot. 59:549–555.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Moosavi-Nia, H. and Dorc, J. 1979. Factors affecting glyphosate activity in Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. and Cyperus rotundus L. I. Effect of soil moisture. Weed Res. 19.137–143.Google Scholar
19. Nigam, S. N. and McIntyre, G. I. 1977. Apical dominance in the rhizome of Agropyron repens. The relation of amino acid composition to bud activity. Can. J. Bot. 55:2001–2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20. Parker, C. 1976. Effects on the dormancy of plant organs. Pages 165–190. In Audus, L. J., ed. Herbicides. Vol. 1, Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
21. Qureshi, F. A. and McIntyre, G. I. 1979. Apical dominance in the rhizome of Agropyron repens: the influence of nitrogen and humidity on the translocation of 14C-labelled assimilates. Can. J. Bot. 57.1229–1235.Google Scholar
22. Richard, E. P. and Slife, F. W. 1979. In vivo and in vitro characterization of the foliar entry of glyphosate in hemp dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum). Weed Sci. 27:426–433.Google Scholar
23. Rogan, P. G. and Smith, D. L. 1976. Experimental control of bud inhibition in rhizomes of Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 78:103–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Sargent, J. A. 1965. The penetration of growth regulators into leaves. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. 16:1–12.Google Scholar
25. Sprankle, P. and Meggitt, W. F. 1972. Effective control of quackgrass with fall and spring applications of glyphosate. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 27:54.Google Scholar
26. Zanostra, B. H. and Wishimoto, R. K. 1977. Movement and activity of glyphosate in purple nutsedge. Weed Sci. 25:268–274.Google Scholar