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Effect of Adjuvants and Urea Ammonium Nitrate on Bispyribac Efficacy, Absorption, and Translocation in Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli). I. Efficacy, Rainfastness, and Soil Moisture

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Clifford H. Koger ,
Darrin M. Dodds  and
Daniel B. Reynolds
Clifford H. Koger*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS Crop Genetics and Production Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Road, P.O. Box 345, Stoneville, MS 38776
Darrin M. Dodds
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
Daniel B. Reynolds
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Bispyribac is registered for postemergence control of broadleaf, sedge, and grass weeds in rice. Bispyribac inhibits the acetolactate synthase enzyme in sensitive plants. Herbicides in this class of chemistry require a spray adjuvant to achieve optimal efficacy, often achieve different levels of weed control according to the spray adjuvant used, and typically have rainfast periods of at least 6 to 8 h. Efficacy and rainfastness of bispyribac can be affected by spray adjuvant and the addition of urea ammonium nitrate (UAN). Greenhouse experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of spray adjuvant type, addition of UAN, and soil moisture on bispyribac efficacy on barnyardgrass. Control of barnyardgrass was improved when UAN was added to bispyribac at 0.4 or 0.8 g ha−1 plus an organosilicone-based nonionic surfactant (OSL/NIS) or methylated seed oil/organosilicone (MSO/OSL) spray adjuvant. The type of adjuvant added to the spray solution affected bispyribac efficacy on barnyardgrass. The addition of UAN decreased the rainfast period from 8 h (registered rainfast period) to 1 or 4 h (99 to 100% control) when either the OSL/NIS or MSO/OSL adjuvant was applied with bispyribac, respectively. Applying UAN and OSL/NIS or MSO/OSL adjuvant with bispyribac enhanced efficacy and reduced the time period required between bispyribac application and washoff during a rainfall event. Increasing soil moisture conditions resulted in greater efficacy from bispyribac when applied with and without UAN.

Keywords

Bispyribacbarnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. ECHCGrice, Oryza sativa L.ALS herbicideherbicide washoffUANweed control
Type
Physiology, Chemistry, and Biochemistry
Information
Weed Science , Volume 55 , Issue 5 , October 2007 , pp. 399 - 405
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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