Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-16T07:24:46.315Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Characterization of Root and Shoot Development of Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Peter A. Dotray  and
Frank L. Young
Peter A. Dotray
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric. Res. Serv., 215 Johnson Hall, Wash. State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164
Frank L. Young
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric. Res. Serv., 215 Johnson Hall, Wash. State Univ., Pullman, WA 99164
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to compare root development of jointed goatgrass to winter wheat. Time of seminal root development in jointed goatgrass was similar to that of winter wheat and to root development predicted by a model. The only exception was the epiblast node roots (−1A and −1B), which developed approximately 1 phyllochron later in jointed goatgrass than in winter wheat. At crown nodes, A and B roots developed later in jointed goatgrass than in winter wheat, but development of X and Y roots at these nodes was similar for both species. First-order branching at a given root axis in jointed goatgrass roots began approximately 1 phyllochron after development of that axis, compared to 2.5 phyllochrons for winter wheat and the model. Second- and third-order branching of jointed goatgrass roots began 1 and 0.5 phyllochrons earlier than the respective branching of winter wheat roots. Leaf and tiller development followed the same pattern with time for both species. Maximum distance between crown roots was 1.5 to 3 times greater in winter wheat than in jointed goatgrass. Root length density at the 0- to 10-cm depth was less for jointed goatgrass than for winter wheat, but there were no differences at greater depths. The frequency of branching of first-order laterals was greater for jointed goatgrass than for winter wheat. In the field, the relationship of jointed goatgrass shoot development to accumulated growing degree-days was linear (R2 = 0.97), with a slope and y-intercept similar to winter wheat (R2 = 0.95). These data, showing slight differences in root growth and development between jointed goatgrass and winter wheat, may be used in predictive modeling to better understand the biology and ecology of each species, and may be used in conjunction with other models to establish weed threshold levels and improve selective placement of fertilizers and herbicides to benefit crop development.

Keywords

Jointed goatgrass, Aegilops cylindrica Host. #3 AEGCYwheat, Triticum aestivum L., ‘Daws'Growing degree-daysphyllochronroot developmentroot nomenclature[Triticum cylindricum (Host) Ces.Pass. and Gib.]wheatAEGCY
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 41 , Issue 3 , September 1993 , pp. 353 - 361
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Donald, W. W. and Ogg, A. G. Jr. 1991. Biology and control of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica), a review. Weed Technol. 5:3–17.Google Scholar
2. Donald, W. W. 1980. Jointed goatgrass—a new problem in Colorado wheat. Proc. West Soc. Weed Sci. 33:77–83.Google Scholar
3. Fenster, C. R. and Wicks, G. A. 1976. Jointed goatgrass. Nebr. Univ. Coop. Ext. Serv. G 75–210. 2 pp.Google Scholar
4. Fleming, G. F., Young, F. L., and Ogg, A. G. Jr. 1988. Competitive relationships among winter wheat (Triticum aestivum), jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica), and downy brome (Bromus tectorum). Weed Sci. 36:479–486.Google Scholar
5. Haun, J. R. 1973. Visual qualification of wheat development. Agron. J. 65:116–119.Google Scholar
6. Hitchcock, A. S. 1950. Pages 245–246 in Manual of the Grasses of the United States. 2nd ed. Dover Publications, New York.Google Scholar
7. Klepper, B., Belford, R. K., and Rickman, R. W. 1984. Root and shoot development in winter wheat. Agron. J. 76:117–122.Google Scholar
8. Klepper, B., Rickman, R. W., and Belford, R. K. 1983. Leaf and tiller identification on wheat plants. Crop Sci. 23:1002–1004.Google Scholar
9. Maan, S. S. 1976. Cytoplasmic homology between Aegilops squarossa L. and Aegilops cylindrica Host. Crop Sci. 16:756–758.Google Scholar
10. Pavlychenko, T. K. 1937. Quantitative study of the entire root system of weed and crop plants under field conditions. Ecology 18:62–79.Google Scholar
11. Priadcencu, A., Miclea, C., and Moisescu, L. 1967. The local form of the species of Aegilops cylindrica Host and its genetic importance. Rev. Roum. Biol. Ser. Bot. 12:421–425.Google Scholar
12. Radosevich, S. R. and Holt, J. S. 1987. Plant growth and interference. Pages 93–138 in Weed Ecology: Implications for Vegetation Management. John Wiley and Sons, New York.Google Scholar
13. Rickman, R. W., Klepper, B., and Belford, R. K. 1985. Developmental relationships among roots, leaves and tillers in winter wheat. Pages 83–98 in Wheat Growth and Modelling. Plenum Publishing Co., New York.Google Scholar
14. Rydrych, D. J. 1983. Jointed goatgrass—a new weed invader. Columbia Basin Agric. Res. Cent. Spec. Rep. 680. Pages 18–19.Google Scholar
15. U.S. Dep. Agric. Res. Serv. 1970. Pages 32, 46–47 in Selected Weeds of the United States. Agric. Handb. No. 366.Google Scholar
16. Westra, P., and Davis, T. 1988. Jointed goatgrass in winter wheat. Colo. State Univ. Coop. Ext. Serv. No. 3.104. 4 pp.Google Scholar
17. Young, F. L., Ogg, A. G. Jr., and Dotray, P. A. 1990. Effect of postharvest field burning on jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica) germination. Weed Technol. 4:123–127.Google Scholar