Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T09:20:07.808Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Soil solarization, a nonchemical method to control branched broomrape (Orobanche ramosa) and improve the yield of greenhouse tomato

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Giovanni Mauromicale ,
Antonino Lo Monaco ,
Angela M. G. Longo  and
Alessia Restuccia
Antonino Lo Monaco
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agronomiche, Agrochimiche e delle Produzioni Animali—Università degli Studi di Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
Angela M. G. Longo
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agronomiche, Agrochimiche e delle Produzioni Animali—Università degli Studi di Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
Alessia Restuccia
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Agronomiche, Agrochimiche e delle Produzioni Animali—Università degli Studi di Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Tomato cultivation in the Mediterranean region is susceptible to infestation by the parasitic weed branched broomrape (Orobanche ramosa), and severe yield losses can result. The effectiveness of solarization, a soil disinfection technique that uses passive solar heating, to control the incidence of broomrape under greenhouse conditions was studied over two growing seasons. Solarization was accomplished by the application of clear polyethylene sheets to moist soil for 58 to 61 d during the hot season. The treatment increased maximum soil temperature by around 10 C, and at 5 cm below the soil surface, a temperature of more than 45 C was reached for 34 to 58 d, whereas this temperature was not reached at all in the first season and not for 20 d (second season) in unmulched soil. In solarized soil, no broomrape shoots emerged, and neither haustoria nor underground tubercles of the parasite were found on tomato roots. The treatment killed about 95% of buried viable seed, and induced secondary dormancy in the remaining 5%. In nonsolarized plots, broomrape shoots were present at a high density, decreasing plant growth and fruit production. Fruit yield was 133 to 258% higher in the solarized as compared with the nonsolarized treatment. Based on these results, we suggest that soil solarization, which precludes chemical contamination and is suitable for organic farming, is an appropriate technology where the risk of branched broomrape infestation is high.

Keywords

Branched broomrape, Orobanche ramosa L. ORARAtomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ‘Ikram’Greenhouse productiontomato yieldsoil solarizationsoil temperatureseed viability
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 53 , Issue 6 , December 2005 , pp. 877 - 883
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Boari, A. and Vurro, M. 2004. Evaluation of Fusarium spp. and other fungi as biological control agents of broomrape (Orobanche ramosa). Biol. Control 30:212–219.Google Scholar
Boari, A., Vurro, M., Abouzeid, M. A., Zonno, M. C., and Evidente, A. 2003. Microbes and microbial products for biological control of parasitic weeds. Page 6 in VI International Bioherbicide Group Workshop. Canberra, Australia: International Bioherbicide Group.Google Scholar
Chen, Y. and Katan, J. 1980. Effect of solar heating of soils by transparent polyethylene mulching on their chemical properties. Soil Sci 130:271–277.Google Scholar
Chen, Y., Gamliel, A., Stapleton, J. J., and Aviad, T. 1991. Chemical, physical, and microbial changes related to plant growth in disinfested soils. Pages 103–129 in Katan, J. and DeVay, J. E. eds. Soil Solarization. Boca Raton, FL: CRC.Google Scholar
DeVay, J. E. and Katan, J. 1991. Mechanism of pathogen control in solarized soil. Pages 87–101 in Katan, J. and DeVay, J. E. eds. Soil Solarization. Boca Raton, FL: CRC.Google Scholar
DeVay, J. E. and Stapleton, J. J. 1997. Soil solarization: past, present, and future. Pages 1–5 in Stapleton, J. J., DeVay, J. E., and Elmore, C. L. eds. Soil Solarization and Integrated Management of Soil-Borne Pests. Plant Production and Protection Paper 147, Rome, Italy: FAO.Google Scholar
Diana, G. and Castelli, F. 1994. Adversity of tobacco crop: plants. Inf. Fitopat 6:11–17. [In Italian].Google Scholar
Foti, S. 1994. Research and interventions for the quantitative and qualitative improvement of grain legumes. Subproject: broad bean, chickpea and lupin. Agric. Ricerca 155:3–8. [In Italian].Google Scholar
Gibot-Leclerc, S., Corbineau, F., Sallé, G., and Côme, D. 2004. Responsiveness of Orobanche ramosa L. seeds to GR 24 as related to temperature, oxygen availability and water potential during preconditioning and subsequent germination. J. Plant Growth Regul 43:63–71.Google Scholar
Goldwasser, Y., Eizenberg, H., Golan, S., and Kleifeld, Y. 2003. Control of Orobanche crenata and Orobanche aegyptiaca in parsley. Crop Prot 22:295–305.Google Scholar
Goldwasser, Y., Eizenberg, H., Hershenhorn, J., Plakhine, D., Blumenfeld, T., Buxbaum, H., Golan, S., and Kleifeld, Y. 2001. Control of Orobanche aegyptiaca and O. ramosa in potato. Crop Prot 20:403–410.Google Scholar
Grünzweig, J. M., Haim, D., Rabinowitch, H. D., Katan, J., Wodner, M., and Ben-Tal, Y. 2000. Involvement of endogenous gibberellins in the regulation of increased tomato shoot growth in solarized soil. J. Plant Growth Regul 30:233–239.Google Scholar
Haidar, M. A. and Sidahmed, M. M. 2000. Soil solarization and chicken manure for the control of Orobanche crenata and other weeds in Lebanon. Crop Prot 19:169–173.Google Scholar
Haidar, M. A., Bibi, W., and Sidahmed, M. M. 2003. Response of branched broomrape (Orobanche ramosa) growth and development to various soil amendments in potato. Crop Prot 22:291–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodosy, S. 1981. Biological control of broomrape, Orobanche ramosa, a tomato parasite, I: occurrence and adaptability of Fusarium species to control broomrape in Hungary. Zoldsegtermesztesi Kutato Intezet Bulletinje 14:21–29.Google Scholar
International Seed Testing Association. 1996. International rules for seed testing. Seed Sci. Technol 24:(Suppl). 35–37.Google Scholar
[ISTAT] Instituto Nazionale di Statistica. 2003–2004. http://www.istat.it.agricoltura/datiagri/coltivazioni/.Google Scholar
Jacobsohn, R., Greenberger, A., Katan, J., Levi, M., and Alon, H. 1980. Control of Egyptian broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca) and other weeds by means of solar heating of the soil by polyethylene mulching. Weed Sci 28:312–316.Google Scholar
Johnson, A. W., Gowdy, G., and Hassanali, A. 1981. The preparation of synthetic analogues of strigol. J. Chem. Soc. Perk. Trans 6:1734–1743.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katan, J. 1981. Solar heating (solarization) of soil for control of soilborne pests. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol 19:211–236.Google Scholar
Katan, J. 1987. Soil solarization. Pages 77–105 in Chet, I. ed. Innovative Approaches to Plant Disease Control. New York: J. Wiley.Google Scholar
Katan, J. 1991. Soil solarization present status and future prospects. Techn. Agric 3–4:158–160.Google Scholar
Katan, J., Greenberger, A., Alon, H., and Grinstein, A. 1976. Solar heating by polyethylene mulching for the control of diseases caused by soilborne pathogens. Phytopathology 66:683–688.Google Scholar
Khalaf, K. A. 1991. Herbicidal activity of glyphosate on Vicia faba stimulant and germination of Orobanche crenata seeds in vitro . Pages 209–214 in Wegmann, K. and Musselman, L. J. eds. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Progress in Orobanche Research. Tübigen, Germany: Eberhart-Karls Universität.Google Scholar
Klein, O. and Kroschel, J. 2002. Biological control of Orobanche spp. with Phytomyza orobanchia . Biocontrol 47:244–276.Google Scholar
Linke, K. H. 1987. Untersuchungen über Keimung und Jugendentwicklung von Striga und Orobanche . Plits 5:1–95.Google Scholar
Lolas, P. C. 1994. Herbicide for control of broomrape (Orobanche ramosa L.) in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L). Weed Res 34:205–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mahrer, Y. 1979. Prediction of soil temperature of a soil mulched with transparent polyethylene. J. Appl. Meteorol 18:1263–1267.Google Scholar
Mauromicale, G., Marchese, M., Restuccia, A., Sapienza, O., Restuccia, G., and Longo, A. M. G. 2005. Root nodulation and nitrogen accumulation and partitioning in legume crops as affected by soil solarization. Plant Soil 271:275–284.Google Scholar
Mauromicale, G., Restuccia, G., and Marchese, M. 2000. Germination response and viability of Orobanche crenata Forsk. seeds subjected to temperature treatment. Aust. J. Agric. Res 51:579–585.Google Scholar
Mauromicale, G., Restuccia, G., and Marchese, M. 2001. Soil solarization, a nonchemical technique for controlling Orobanche crenata and improving yield of faba bean. Agronomie 21:757–765.Google Scholar
Mesa-Garcia, J. and Garcia-Torres, L. 1986. Effect of planting date on parasitism of broadbean (Vicia faba L.) by crenate broomrape (Orobanche crenata). Weed Sci 34:544–550.Google Scholar
Noling, J. W. and Becker, J. O. 1994. The challenge of research and extension to define and implement alternatives to methyl bromide. J. Nematol 26:573–586.Google Scholar
Qasem, J. R. 1998. Chemical control of branched broomrape (Orobanche ramosa) in glasshouse grown tomato. Crop Prot 17:625–630.Google Scholar
Qasem, J. R. and Kasrawi, M. A. 1995. Variation of resistance to broomrape (Orobanche ramosa) in tomatoes. Euphytica 81:109–114.Google Scholar
Sauerborn, J., Linke, K. H., Saxena, M. C., and Koch, W. 1989. Solarization; a physical control method for weeds and parasitic plants (Orobanche spp.) in Mediterranean agriculture. Weed Res 29:391–397.Google Scholar
Stapleton, J. J. 2000. Soil solarization in various agricultural production systems. Crop Prot 19:837–841.Google Scholar
Stapleton, J. J. and DeVay, J. E. 1986. Soil solarization a non chemical approach for management of plant pathogens and pests. Crop Prot 5:190–198.Google Scholar
Tognoni, F. and Serra, G. 2003. Trends in Process Technologies and Products. Acta Hortic 614:65–75.Google Scholar
Zehhar, N., Ingouff, M., Bouya, D., and Fer, A. 2002. Possible involvement of gibberellins and ethylene in Orobanche ramosa germination. Weed Res 42:464–469.Google Scholar
Zonno, M. C., Montemurro, P., and Vurro, M. 2000. Orobanche ramosa, a parasitic weed spreading in Southern Italy. Inf. Fitopat 50:13–21. [In Italian].Google Scholar
Zwanenburg, B., Mhehe, G. L., Lam, G. K., Dommerholt, F. J., and Kishimba, M. A. 1986. The search for new germination stimulants of Striga species. Pages 35–41 in Ter Borg, S. J. ed. Proceedings of a Workshop on Biology and Control of Orobanche . Wageningen, The Netherlands: LH/VPO.Google Scholar