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‘Opinion in Eighteenth-Century Thought: What did the Concept Purport to Explain?’

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 January 2009

Extract

We all ‘know’ that public opinion came to prominence in the political vocabulary of the late eighteenth century. It may be that this dates its rise a bit late, but it is not relevant to argue the matter here. My concern is rather that we be equally aware of the purposes for which people made use of the concept. Here I wish to consider various possible contexts for speaking or writing of public opinion, or ‘opinion’, as it was usually called prior to the mid-eighteenth century. It may be possible to define, more fully than heretofore, the work that the expression did in eighteenth-century thought. As contemporary students of public opinion have been learning, an answer to this question may not even be wholly irrelevant to the task of specifying the nature of public opinion in our own time.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

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Footnotes

*

A paper presented at the International Congress of ISUS at University of Western Ontario, 3–5 April 1992.

References

1 See Gunn, , ‘Public Opinion in Modern Political Science’Google Scholar, due to appear in a collection on the state of the discipline of political science, edited by James Farr and John S. Dryzek.

2 Here I refer to a MS. of some 500 pages, provisionally entitled ‘Queen of the World: Opinion in the Public Life of France from the Renaissance to the Reformation’.

3 As in his The Passions and the Interests: Political Arguments for Capitalism Before its Triumph, Princeton, 1977.Google Scholar

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6 Silbon, , De la certitude des connaissances humaines, Paris, 1661, p. 104Google Scholar. For later use of the expression, see the reference, in a legal document from about 1706, to ‘un intérest d'honneur’ in de Sacy, Louis, Recueil de mémories, factums et harangues, 2 vols., Paris, 1724, i. 685.Google Scholar

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13 See Fiévée, Joseph, Des opinions et des intérêts pendant la Révolution, Paris, 1809, pp. 910, 13, 183–4Google Scholar for a strong statement of politics as being properly the conciliation of interests.

14 See, for example, Riqueti, Victor, de Mirabeau, marquis, L'Ami des hommes, 3 vols., Avignon, 1758, iii. 467Google Scholar; Théorie de l'impôt, Amsterdam, 1761, p. 2Google Scholar and Entretiens d'un jeune prince, London, 1785, iii. 103, 282.Google Scholar

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29 Anon., Essais politiques et philosophiques sur ce qu'on appelle les trois ordres de la France, Paris, 1789, p. 130Google Scholar. Consulted in the Seligman Collection, Butler Library, Columbia University.

30 Anon., Sur l'ascendent aristocratique de la noblesse dans le clergé, n. p., [1789], pp. 36–7.Google Scholar

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