Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T18:59:05.678Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Family History Studies: VII. Manic Depressive Disease Versus Depressive Disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

Remi J. Cadoret ,
George Winokur  and
Paula J. Clayton
Remi J. Cadoret
Affiliation:
From the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110
George Winokur
Affiliation:
From the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110
Paula J. Clayton
Affiliation:
From the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

During the past twenty years, the unity of manic-depressive disease as defined by Kraepelin (1913) has been questioned by investigators who have presented clinical and genetic evidence that the disease is heterogeneous and contains at least two discrete groups (Leonhard, 1957; Perris, 1966). In one of these groups mania occurs and patients exhibit both manic and depressive phases during the course of their illness. This group has been designated bipolar by most investigators (Leonhard, 1957; Perris, 1966). In the other group there are only episodes of depression, and this has been designated the unipolar group by some (Perris, 1966) and corresponds largely to the ‘monopolar’ group of Leonhard (1957). In this paper we shall use the term unipolar throughout to designate an affective illness in which only depression occurs.

Type
Research Article
Information
The British Journal of Psychiatry , Volume 116 , Issue 535 , June 1970 , pp. 625 - 635
Copyright
Copyright © Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1970 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Angst, J. (1966). Zur Erbbiologie und Nosologie endogener depressiven Psychosen. Berlin.Google Scholar
Hoffmann, H. (1921). ‘Die Nachkommenschaft bei endogenen Psychosen,’ in Studien über Vererbung und Entstehung Geistiger Störungen (ed. Rüdin, E.). Berlin.Google Scholar
Hopkinson, G. (1964). ‘A genetic study of affective illness in patients over 50.’ Brit. J. Psychiat., 110, 244–54.Google Scholar
Kinkelin, M. (1954). ‘Verlauf und Prognose des manischdepressiven Irreseins.’ Schweiz. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., 73, 100–46.Google Scholar
Kraepelin, E. (1913). Psychiatrie. Ein Lehrbuch für Studierende und Ärzte. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Leonhard, K. (1957). Aufteilung der Endogenen Psychosen. First edition. Berlin.Google Scholar
Leonhard, K. (1966). Aufteilung der Endogenen Psychosen. Third edition. Berlin.Google Scholar
Leonhard, K., Korff, I., and Schulz, H. (1962). ‘Die Temperamente in den Familien der monopolaren und bipolaren phasischen Psychosen.’ Psychiat. Neurol., 143, 416–34.Google Scholar
Majer, O. (1941). ‘Beitrag zur Erbbiologie involutiver, klimakterischer und reaktiver Depressionen.’ Z. ges. Neurol. Psychiat., 172, 737–90.Google Scholar
Palmer, H., and Sherman, S. (1938). “The involutional melancholia process.” Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 40, 762–88.Google Scholar
Penrose, L. (1945). ‘Survey of cases of familial mental illness.’ Unpubl. M.S., Ontario Dept. of Health.Google Scholar
Perris, C. (1966). ‘A study of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar recurrent depressive psychoses.’ Acta psychiat. Scand., Suppl. 194. 189 pp.Google Scholar
Perris, C. (1968). ‘Genetic transmission of depressive psychoses.’ Acta psychiat. Scand., Suppl. 203, 45–52.Google Scholar
Reich, T., Clayton, P. and Winokur, G. (1969). ‘Family history studies: V. The genetics of mania.’ Amer. J. Psychiat., 125, 1358–69.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schulz, B. (1951). ‘Auszählungen in der Verwandtschaft von nach Erkrankungsalter und Geschlecht gruppierten Manisch-Depressiven.’ Arch. Psychiat. u. Z. Neurol., 186, 560–76.Google Scholar
Slater, E. (1966). ‘Expectation of abnormality on paternal and maternal sides: a computational model.’ J. med. Genet., 3, 159–61.Google Scholar
Slater, E. and Tsuang, M.-T. (1968). ‘Abnormality on paternal and maternal sides: observation in schizophrenia and manic-depression.’ J. med. Genet., 5, 197–9.Google Scholar
Stenstedt, A. (1952). ‘A study in manic-depressive psychosis.’ Acta psychiat. neurol. Scand., Suppl. 79, 111 pp.Google Scholar
Stenstedt, A. (1959). ‘Involutional melancholia.’ Acta psychiat. neurol. Scand., Suppl. 127, 71 pp.Google Scholar
Titley, W. (1936). ‘Prepsychotic personality of involutional melancholia.’ Arch. Neurol. Psychiat., Chicago, 36, 19–33.Google Scholar
Von Trostorff, S. (1968). ‘Über die hereditäre Belastung bei den bipolaren und monopolaren phasischen Psychosen.’ Schweiz. Arch. Neurol. Neurochir. Psychiat., 102, 235–43.Google Scholar
Winokur, G., and Clayton, P. (1967a). ‘Family history studies: I. Two types of affective disorders separated according to genetic and clinical factors,’ in Recent Advances in Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 9. New York.Google Scholar
Winokur, G., and Clayton, P. (1967b). ‘Family history studies: II. Sex differences and alcoholism in primary affective illness.’ Brit. J. Psychiat., 113, 973–9.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.