Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T18:55:53.642Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Observations of Dust in Planetary Nebulae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2017

M. J. Barlow
M. J. Barlow*
Affiliation:
Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower St., London, WC1E 6BT, England

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

This review summarises those observations which relate to the existence of dust in planetary nebulae. The most direct evidence for dust, namely infrared emission by grains, is considered in Section 2. Section 3 describes a variety of optical and ultraviolet observations which bear more indirectly on the properties of the dust, while Section 4 discusses the power sources of the observed infrared emission. The peculiar nebulae A 30 and A 78 are considered in Section 5, and Section 6 concludes with a discussion of the various infrared features which have been observed in emission from planetary nebulae.

Type
Section I: Observations of Planetary Nebulae
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 103: Planetary Nebulae , 1983 , pp. 105 - 128
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1983 

References

Aitken, D.K., Roche, P.F., Spenser, P.M., Jones, B., 1979, Astrophys. J., 233, 925.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aitken, D.K., Barlow, M.J., Roche, P.F., Spenser, P.M., 1980, MNRAS, 192 679.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aitken, D.K., Roche, P.F., 1982a, MNRAS, 200, 217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aitken, D.K., Roche, P.F., 1982b, MNRAS, in press.Google Scholar
Allamandola, L.J., Norman, C.A., 1978, Astr. Astrophys., 63, L23.Google Scholar
Allen, D.A., Baines, D.W.T., Blades, J.C., Whittet, D.C.B., 1982, MNRAS, 199, 1017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Atherton, P.D., Hicks, T.R., Reay, N.K., Robinson, G.J., Worswick, S.P., Phillips, J.P., 1979, Astrophys. J., 232, 786.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barlow, M.J., 1982, in preparation.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barlow, M.J., Silk, J., 1977, Astrophys. J., 215, 800.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becklin, E.E., Neugebauer, G., Wynn-Williams, C.G., 1973, Astrophys. Lett., 15, 87.Google Scholar
Bohlin, R.C., Marionni, P.A., Stecher, T.P., 1975, Astrophys. J., 202, 415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bregman, J.D., Rank, D.M., 1975, Astrophys. J., 195, L125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clavel, J., Flower, D.R., Seaton, M.J., 1981, MNRAS, 197, 301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, M., Barlow, M.J., 1974, Astrophys. J., 193, 401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, M., Barlow, M.J., 1980, Astrophys. J., 238, 585.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, M., Hudson, H.S., O'Dell, S.L., Stein, W.A., 1977, MNRAS, 181, 233.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coleman, C.L., Reay, N.K., Worswick, S.P., 1975, MNRAS, 171, 415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doughty, J.R., Kaler, J.B., 1982, PASP, 94, 43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Draine, B.T., 1979, Astrophys. J., 230, 106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duley, W.W., Williams, D.A., 1981, MNRAS, 196, 269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dwek, E., Sellgren, K., Soifer, B.T., Werner, M.W., 1980, Astrophys. J., 238, 140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forrest, W.J., McCarthy, J.F., Houck, J.R., 1980, Astrophys. J., 240, L37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forrest, W.J., Houck, J.R., McCarthy, J.F., 1981, Astrophys. J., 248, 195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillett, F.C., Low, F.J., Stein, W.A., 1967, Astrophys. J., 149, L97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillett, F.C., Forrest, W.J., Merrill, K.M., 1973, Astrophys. J., 183, 87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goebel, J.H., 1980, BAAS, 12, 858.Google Scholar
Grasdalen, G.L., 1979, Astrophys. J., 229, 587.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grasdalen, G.L., Joyce, R.R., 1976, Astrophys. J., 205, L11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenstein, J.L., 1981, Astrophys. J., 245, 124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrington, J.P., Feibelman, W.A., 1982, Astrophys. J., in press.Google Scholar
Harrington, J.P., Seaton, M.J., Adams, S., Lutz, J.H., 1982, MNRAS, 199, 517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hazard, C., Terlevich, B., Morton, D.C., Sargent, W.L.W., Ferland, G., 1980, Nature, 285, 463.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hicks, T.R., Phillips, J.P., Reay, N.K., 1976, MNRAS, 176, 409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hildebrand, R.H., Whitcomb, S.E., Winston, R., Stiening, R.F., Harper, D.A., Moseley, S.H., 1977, Astrophys. J., 216, 698.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hummer, D.G., Kunasz, P.B., 1980, Astrophys. J., 236, 609.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Iben, I., Kaler, J.B., Truran, J.W., Renzini, A., 1982, Astrophys. J., in press.Google Scholar
Jacoby, G.H., 1979, PASP, 91, 754.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, B., Merrill, K.M., Stein, W., Willner, S.P., 1980, Astrophys. J., 242, 141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaler, J.B., Aller, L.H., Czyzak, S.J., Epps, H.W., 1976, Astrophys. J. Suppl., 31, 163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koike, C., Hasegawa, H., Manabe, A., 1980, Astrophys. Sp. Sci., 67, 495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krishna Swamy, K.S., O'Dell, C.R., 1968, Astrophys. J., 151, L61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kwok, S., 1980, Astrophys. J., 236, 592.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCarthy, J.F., Forrest, W.J., Houck, J.R., 1978, Astrophys. J., 224, 109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathis, J.S., 1978, Proc. IAU Symposium No. 76, ed. Terzian, Y. (D.Reidel) p281.Google Scholar
Mathis, J.S., Rumpl, W., Nordsieck, K.H., 1977, Astrophys. J., 217, 425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Merrill, K.M., Soifer, B.T., Russell, R.W., 1975, Astrophys. J., 200, L37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, J.S., Mathews, W.G., 1972, Astrophys. J., 172, 593.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moseley, H., 1980, Astrophys. J., 238, 892.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mufson, S.L., Lyon, J., Marionni, P.A., 1975, Astrophys. J., 201, L85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Natta, A., Panagia, N., 1981, Astrophys. J., 248, 189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Dell, C.R., Hubbard, W.B., 1965, Astrophys. J., 142, 591.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osterbrock, D.E., 1974, PASP, 86, 609.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Page, T.L., 1936, MNRAS, 96, 604.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Panagia, N., 1975, Astr. Astrophys., 42, 139.Google Scholar
Panagia, N., Ranieri, M., 1973, Mem. Soc. Roy. Sci. Liege, Series 6, V, 275.Google Scholar
Perinotto, M., Patriarchi, P., 1980, Astrophys. J., 238, 614.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perinotto, M., Panagia, N., Benvenuti, P., 1980, Astr. Astrophys., 85, 332.Google Scholar
Persson, S.E., Frogel, J.A., 1973, Astrophys. J., 182, 177 (Erratum: Astrophys. J., 185, 991) CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Philipp, H.R., 1977, Phys. Rev., 16, 2896.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phillips, J.P., Reay, N.K., Worswick, S.P., 1979, Astrophys. Lett., 20, 75.Google Scholar
Pottasch, S.R., Wesselius, P.R., Wu, C.-C., van Duinen, R.J., 1977, Astr. Astrophys., 54, 435.Google Scholar
Renzini, A., Voli, M., 1981, Astr. Astrophys., 94, 175.Google Scholar
Rubin, R.H., 1968, Astrophys. J., 154, 391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, R.W., Soifer, B.T., Merrill, K.M., 1977, Astrophys. J., 213, 66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, R.W., Soifer, B.T., Willner, S.P., 1977, Astrophys. J., 217, L149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, R.W., Soifer, B.T., Willner, S.P., 1978, Astrophys. J., 220, 568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, R.W., Gull, G., Beckwith, S., Evans, N.J., 1982, PASP, 94, 97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, P.F., 1973, MNRAS, 161, 35P.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seaton, M.J., 1955, MNRAS, 115, 279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seaton, M.J., 1979, MNRAS, 187, 785.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shields, G.A., 1978, Astrophys. J., 219, 565.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sistla, G., Kaftan-Kassim, M.A., 1976, Astrophys. Lett., 17, 49.Google Scholar
Smith, P.P.K., 1981, Nature, 291, 15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stephens, J.R., 1980, Astrophys. J., 237, 450.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Telesco, C.M., Harper, D.A., 1977, Astrophys. J., 211, 475.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terzian, Y., Sanders, D., 1972, Astr. J., 77, 350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tokunaga, A.T., Young, E.T., 1980, Astrophys. J., 237, L93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Torres-Peimbert, S., Pena, M., 1981, Rev. Mex. Astr. Astrof., 6, 301.Google Scholar
Willner, S.P., Jones, B., Puetter, R.C., Russell, R.W., Soifer, B.T., 1979, Astrophys. J., 234, 496.CrossRefGoogle Scholar