Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 May 2016
The effects of large-scale galactic winds in active galaxies may be far-reaching. It has been suggested that the Hubble sequence can be understood in terms of a galaxy's greater ability to sustain winds with increasing bulge-to-disk ratio. The large-scale circulation of gas associated with these galactic winds might help explain the mass-metallicity relation between galaxies and the metallicity-radius relation within galaxies. Galactic winds probably contribute non-negligibly to the cosmic X-ray background and may be involved in the quasar absorption-line phenomenon. The cosmological implications of the wind phenomenon have been widely explored in the context of proto-galaxies and quasars. The extremely energetic galactic winds that were likely associated with galaxy formation almost certainly played a key role in heating and ionizing the intergalactic medium at high redshifts and may have created the seeds for the large-scale structure we see today.