Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T05:34:08.515Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Fingerprinting of volatile organic compounds for quick assessment of vigour status of seeds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 July 2020

R. Umarani Open the ORCID record for R. Umarani [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Bhaskaran ,
C. Vanitha  and
M. Tilak
R. Umarani*
Affiliation:
Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, TN641 003, India
M. Bhaskaran
Affiliation:
Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, TN641 003, India
C. Vanitha
Affiliation:
Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, TN641 003, India
M. Tilak
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, TN641 003, India
*
Correspondence: R. Umarani, E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Seed is a fertilized mature ovule, which possesses an embryonic plant. When the dry, mature seeds are subjected to imbibition, they release a wide range of organic substances, which include low molecular weight carbonyl compounds (gases and volatiles) and water-soluble organic substances (enzymes and polysaccharides). The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are molecules of low molecular weight (300 g mol−1) and high vapour pressure (0.01 kPa at 20°C) and include diverse chemical compounds. The nature and emission kinetics of volatiles produced from seeds vary, depending on the moisture content of the seeds. Orthodox seeds stored at ‘low seed moisture content’ undergo seed deterioration, predominantly due to lipid peroxidation, initiated by autoxidation or enzymatic oxidation of unsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids. This peroxidation leads to emission of volatile compounds. The quantity of VOCs emitted is positively correlated with the advancement of seed deterioration. With respect to the seed germination process, exposure of seeds to ‘high moisture conditions’ leads to increased respiration, triggers glycolysis and mobilization of storage reserves, resulting in the emission of volatile metabolic products. The quantity of VOCs emitted on commencement of metabolic activity in germinating seeds depends on (1) vigour status and (2) amount of storage reserves. Since it has been established that there is a significant difference between high and low vigour seeds with respect to quantity and profile of VOCs emitted, there is great potential for utilizing the VOC profile to obtain a quick and reproducible test of vigour status of crop seeds. In order to harness the VOC profile for quick assessment of vigour status of seeds, research has to be taken up to develop standard protocols for fingerprinting of VOCs for the purpose of seed vigour assessment and to fix the standard volatile biomarker(s) specific to crop and vigour status of seeds.

Keywords

ageingmitochondriaseedseed vigourvolatiles
Type
Review Paper
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , June 2020 , pp. 112 - 121
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aldini, G, Yeum, KJ, Niki, E and Russell, RM (2010) Biomarkers for antioxidant defence and oxidative damage: principles and practical applications. Ames, USA, Wiley-Blackwell.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amable, RA and Obendorf, RL (1986) Soybean seed respiration during simulated pre-harvest deterioration. Journal of Experimental Botany 37, 1364–1375.Google Scholar
Bailey, SD, Mitchell, DG, Bazinet, ML and Weurman, CJ (2006) studies on the volatile components of different varieties of cocoa beans. Journal of Food Science 27, 165–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bailly, C (2004) Active oxygen species and antioxidants in seed biology. Seed Science and Technology 14, 93–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bengtson, B and Bosund, I (1964) Gas chromatographic evaluation of the formation of volatile substances in stored peas. Food Technol 18, 179–182.Google Scholar
Bewley, JD and Black, M (1994) Seeds physiology of development and germination (3rd edn). New York, Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Botha, FC, Potgeiter, GP and Botha, AM (1992) Respiratory metabolism and gene expression during seed germination. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 11, 211–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chan, HWS (1987) Autoxidation of unsaturated lipids. London, Academic Press.Google Scholar
Ching, TM (1972) Metabolism of seeds, pp. 103–219in Kozlowski, TT (Ed.) Seed biology. New York, Academic Press.Google Scholar
Colville, L, Bradley, EL, Lloyd, AS, Pritchard, HW, Castle, L and Kranner, I (2012) Volatile fingerprints of seeds of four species indicate the involvement of alcoholic fermentation, lipid peroxidation, and Maillard reactions in seed deterioration during ageing and desiccation stress. Journal of Experimental Botany 63, 6519–6530.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Daneehy, JP (1986) Maillard reaction: non-enzymatic browning in food systems with special references to the development of flavor. Advances in Food Research 30, 77–138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donohue-Rolfe, A, Keusch, GT, Edson, C, Thorley-Lawson, D and Jacewicz, M (1984) Pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. IX. Simplified high yield purification of Shigella toxin and characterization of subunit composition and function by the use of subunit-specific monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Journal of Experimental Medicine 160, 1767–1781.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Egigu, MC, Melak, B, Kebede, A and Muthuswamy, M (2014) Use of human urine as fertilizer for vegetation cultivation. International Journal of Agricultural Innovation and Research 3, 254–258.Google Scholar
Ellis, RH and Roberts, EH (1980) Improved equations for the prediction of seed longevity. Annals of Botany 45, 13–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esashi, Y, Kamataki, A and Zhang, M (1997) The molecular mechanism of seed deterioration in relation to the accumulation of protein – acetaldehyde adducts, pp. 489–498in Ellis, RH; Black, M; Murdoch, AJ and Hong, TD (Eds) Basic and applied aspects of seed biology. Boston, Kluwer Academic Publisher.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feireira de Sousa, CA and Sodek, L (2002) The metabolic response of plants to oxygen deficiency. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 14, 83–94.Google Scholar
Fielding, JL and Goldsworthy, A (1982) The evolution of volatiles in relation to ageing in dry wheat seed. Seed Science and Technology 10, 277–282.Google Scholar
Fincheira, P, Maribel, P and Andrés, Q (2017) Volatile organic compounds stimulate plant growing and seed germination of Lactuca sativa. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 17, 853–867.Google Scholar
Frankel, EN (1983) Volatile lipid oxidation-products. Progress in Lipid Research 22, 1–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Frankel, E, Neff, EW and Selke, E (1981) Analysis of autoxidized fats by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: VII. Volatile thermal decomposition products of pure hydroperoxides from autoxidized and photosensitized oxidized methyl oleate, linoleate and linolenate. Lipids 16, 279–285.Google Scholar
Grass, L and Burris, JS (1995) Effect of heat stress during seed development and maturation on wheat (Triticum durum) seed quality. II. Mitochondrial respiration and nucleotide pools during early germination. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 75, 831–839.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosch, W (1987) Reactions of hydroperoxides – products of low molecular weight, pp. 95–139in Chan, HWS (Ed.) Autoxidation of unsaturated lipids. London, Academic Press.Google Scholar
Grotto, D, Santa, ML, Valentini, J, Paniz, C, Schmitt, G, Garcia, SC, Juarez, PV, Rocha, JBT and Farina, M (2009) Importance of the lipid peroxidation biomarkers and methodological aspects for malondialdehyde quantification. Química Nova 32, 169–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hailstones, MD and Smith, MT (1988) Lipid peroxidation in relation to declining vigour in seeds of soya (Glycine max L.) and cabbage (Brassica Oleracea L.). Journal of Plant Physiology 133, 452–456.Google Scholar
Hailstones, MD and Smith, MT (1989) Increased lipid peroxidation during the imbibition of deteriorated seed and the invigoration effect of ferrous ions. South African Journal of Science 83, 670–671.Google Scholar
Halliwell, B and Gutteridge, JMC (1999) Free radicals in biology and medicine, pp. 1–25in Halliwell, B and Gutteridge, JMC (Eds) Free radicals in biology and medicine (3rd edn). Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Harman, GE, Nedrow, BL, Clark, BE and Mattick, LR (1982) Association of volatile aldehyde production during germination with poor soybean and pea seed quality. Crop Science 22, 712–716.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hatch, MD and Turner, JF (1958) Glycolysis by an extract from pea seeds. Journal of Biochemistry 69, 495–501.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Helmer, JD, Delouche, JC and Lienhard, M (1962) Studies of some indices of vigour and deterioration in seeds of crimson clover, pp. 154–161 in Proceedings of the Association of Official Seed Analysts, vol. 52, p. 154. Beltsville, MD, AOSA.Google Scholar
Honing, DH and Rackis, JJ (1975) Volatile components of maturing soybeans. Cereal Chemistry 52, 396–402.Google Scholar
Israel, Y, Hurwitz, E, Niemela, O and Arnon, R (1986) Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against acetaldehyde-containing epitopes in acetaldehyde-protein adducts. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America 83, 7923–7927.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Job, C, Rajjou, L, Lovigny, Y, Belghazi, M and Job, D (2005) Patterns of protein oxidation in Arabidopsis seeds during germination. Plant Physiology 138, 790–802.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jorgesen, EE (2000) Emission of volatile compounds by seeds under different environmental conditions. The American Midland Naturalist 145, 419–422.Google Scholar
Juo, PS and Stotzky, G (1970) Electrophoretic separation of proteins from roots and root exudates. Canadian Journal of Botany 48, 713–718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kataki, PK and Taylor, AG (1997) Ethanol. A respiratory by-product: an indicator of seed quality, pp. 421–427in Ellis, RH; Black, M; Murdoch, AJ and Hong, TD (Eds) Basic and applied aspects of seed biology. Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop on Seeds. UK, Kluwer Academica Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kataki, PK and Taylor, AG (2001) Time course study of ethanol production by corn and soybean to optimize the use of ANA ethanol index as an accurate seed quality test. Journal of New Seeds 3, 1–17.Google Scholar
Knutson, MD, Handelman, GJ and Viteri, FE (2000) Methods for measuring ethane and pentane in expired air from rats and humans. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 28, 514–519.Google ScholarPubMed
Kodde, J, Buckley, W, de Groot, CC, Retiere, M, Víquez Zamora, AM and Groot, SPC (2012) A fast ethanol assay to detect seed deterioration. Seed Science Research 22, 55–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koller, D, Mayer, AM, Mayber, P and Klein, S (1962) Seed germination. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 13, 437–464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kranner, I, Birtic, S, Anderson, KM and Pritchard, HW (2006) Glutathione half-cell reduction potential: a universal stress marker and modulator of programmed cell death? Free Radical Biology and Medicine 40, 2155–2165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ku, KL, Chen, TP and Chiou, RY (2000) Apparatus used for small-scale volatile extraction from ethanol-supplemented low-salt miso and GC-MS characterization of the extracted flavours. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 48, 3507–3511.Google Scholar
Lee, PC, Taylor, AG, Zhang, M and Esashi, Y (2000a) Volatile compounds and accumulation of acetaldehyde-protein adducts in relation to seed quality and storage conditions. Journal of New Seeds 2, 59–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, PC, Taylor, AG, Zhang, M and Esashi, Y (2000b) Evolution of volatiles during seed ageing: exogenous gas application. Journal of New Seeds 2, 77–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, J, Peng, Y, Lin, WY and Parrish, JZ (2015) Coordinate control of terminal dendrite patterning and dynamics by the membrane protein Raw. Development 142, 162–173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lehninger, AL, Nelson, DL and Cox, MM (1993) Principles of biochemistry. New York, Worth Publishers.Google Scholar
McDonald, MB (1999) Seed deterioration: physiology, repair and assessment. Seed Science and Technology 27, 177–237.Google Scholar
Mira, S, González-Benito, ME, Hill, LM and Walters, C (2010) Characterization of volatile production during storage of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds. Journal of Experimental Botany 61, 3915–3924.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mira, S, Hill, L, Gonzalez, BM, Ibanez, M and Walters, C (2016) Volatile emission in dry seeds as a way to probe chemical reactions during initial asymptomatic deterioration. Journal of Experimental Botany 67, 1783–1793.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moore, LE and Stotzky, G (1974) Effects of concentration of volatile metabolites from bacteria and germinating seeds on fungi in the presence of selective absorbents. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 20, 97–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morath, SU, Hung, R and Bennett, JW (2012) Fungal volatile organic compounds: a review with emphasis on their biotechnological potential. Fungal Biological Review 26, 73–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Motsa, MM, Slabbert, MM, Bester, C, Mokwena, L and Taylor, M (2017) Volatile organic compounds from germinating seeds of Cyclopia species as affected by temperature. Seed Science and Technology 45, 43–55.Google Scholar
Müller, B, Rumberg, A and Witt, HT (1962) On the mechanism of photosynthesis. Angewandte Chemie 1, 275–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nicolas, G and Aldasoro, JJ (1979) Activity of the pentose phosphate pathway and changes in nicotinamide nucleotide content during germination of seed of Cicer arietinum L. Journal of Experimental Botany 30, 1163–1170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Obendorf, RL, Koch, JL, Gorecki, RJ, Amable, RA and Aveni, MT (1990) Methanol accumulation in maturing seeds. Journal of Experimental Botany 41, 489–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Obroucheva, NV and Antipova, OV (1997) Physiology of the initiation of seed germination. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 44, 250–264.Google Scholar
Pattee, HE, Singleton, JA and Cobb, WY (1969) Volatile components of raw peanuts: analysis by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Journal of Food Science 34, 625–627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodriguez, ML, Mischel, W and Shoda, Y (1989) Cognitive person variables in the delay of gratification of older children at risk. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 57, 358–367.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rooney, LW, Salem, A and Johnson, JA (1967) Studies of the carbonyl compounds produced by sugar-amino acid reactions. I. Model system. Cereal Chemistry 44, 539–550.Google Scholar
Rowan, DD (2011) Volatile metabolites. Metabolites 1, 41–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rutzke, CFJ, Taylor, AG and Obendorf, RL (2008) Influence of aging, oxygen, and moisture on ethanol production from cabbage seeds. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 133, 158–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schenck, S and Stotzhy, G (1975) Effect on microorganisms of volatile compounds released from germinating seeds. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 21, 1622–1634.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schwember, AR and Bradford, KJ (2005) Drying rates following priming affect temperature sensitivity of germination and longevity of lettuce seeds. Horticultural Science 40, 778–781.Google Scholar
Smith, MT and Adamson, IH (1989) Volatile lipid peroxidation breakdown products and viability in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). South African Journal of Science 85, 63–64.Google Scholar
Smith, AM and Rees, T (1979) Effects of anaerobiosis on carbohydrate oxidation by roots of Pisum sativum. Phytochemistry 18, 1453–1458.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stewart, RRC and Bewley, JD (1980) Lipid peroxidation associated with accelerated ageing of soybean axes. Plant Physiology 65, 245–248.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stotzky, G and Schenck, S (1976) Observations on organic volatiles from germinating seeds and seedlings. American Journal of Botany 63, 798–805.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, AG, Lee, PC and Zhang, M (1999) Volatile compounds as indicators of seed quality and their influence on seed aging. Seed Technology 21, 57–65.Google Scholar
Trawatha, SE, TeKrony, DM and Hildebrand, DF (1995) Relationship of soybean seed quality to fatty acid and C6-aldehyde levels during storage. Crop Science 35, 1415–1422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vancura, V and Stotzky, G (1971) Excretions of germinating plant seeds. Foliar Microbiology 16, 512.Google Scholar
Vancura, V and Stotzky, G (1976) Gaseous and volatile exudates from germinating seeds and seedlings. Canadian Journal of Botany 54, 518–532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vanwonterghem, I, Jensen, PD, Dennis, PG, Hugenholtz, P, Rabaey, K and Tyson, GW (2014) Deterministic processes guide long-term synchronised population dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters. Multidisciplinary Journal of Microbial Ecology 8, 2015–2028.Google ScholarPubMed
Walters, C (1998) Understanding the mechanisms and kinetics of seed aging. Seed Science Research 8, 223–244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walters, C, Wheeler, L and Stanwood, PC (2004) Longevity of cryogenically stored seeds. Cryobiology 48, 229–244.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Walters, C, Hill, LM and Wheeler, LJ (2005) Dying while dry: kinetics and mechanisms of deterioration in desiccated organisms. Integrative and Comparative Biology 45, 751–758.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, DO and McDonald, MB (1986) The lipid peroxidation model of seed ageing. Seed Science and Technology 16, 115–121.Google Scholar
Woodstock, LW and Taylorson, KLI (1981) Ethanol and acetaldehyde in imbibing soybean seeds in relation to deterioration. Plant Physiology 67, 424–428.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yu, J, Adlofo, S, John, SG and Bewley, DJ (2014) Molecular and biochemical identification of inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase encoding mRNA variants in castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) seeds. Planta 239, 965–77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhang, M, Lin, Y, Torii, I, Sasaki, H and Esashi, Y (1993) Evolution of volatile compounds by seeds during storage periods. Seed Science and Technology 21, 359–373.Google Scholar
Zhang, M, Maeda, Y, Furihata, Y, Nakamaru, Y and Esashi, Y (1994) A mechanism of seed deterioration in relation to the volatile compounds evolved by dry seeds themselves. Seed Science Research 4, 49–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, M, Yajima, H, Umezawa, Y, Nakagawa, Y and Esashi, Y (1995a) GC-MS identification of volatile compounds evolved by dry seeds in relation to storage-conditions. Seed Science and Technology 23, 59–68.Google Scholar
Zhang, M, Nakamaru, Y, Tsuda, S, Nagashima, T and Esashi, Y (1995b) Enzymatic conversion of volatile metabolites in dry seeds during storage. Plant and Cell Physiology 36, 157–164.Google Scholar
Zhang, M, Yoshiyama, M, Nagashima, T, Nakagawa, Y and Esashi, Y (1995c) Aging of soybean seeds in relation to metabolism at different relative humidities. Plant and Cell Physiology 36, 1189–1195.Google Scholar