Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T01:10:55.422Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

INTRODUCTION

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2011

Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The Hotham family   3

Hull and the East Riding in 1642   7

The Hothams at war   11

Arrest and trial   21

Provenance   32

Editorial decisions and practice   34

Type
Introduction
Information
Royal Historical Society Camden Fifth Series , Volume 39 , December 2011 , pp. 1 - 35
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Historical Society 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Cliffe, J.T., The Yorkshire Gentry from the Reformation to the Civil War (London, 1969)Google Scholar; English, B., The Great Landowners of East Yorkshire, 1530–1910 (Hemel Hempstead, 1990)Google Scholar; Roebuck, P., Yorkshire Baronets 1640–1760: families, estates and fortunes (Oxford, 1980), pp. 62–69Google Scholar.

2 Saltmarshe, P., History and Chartulary of the Hothams of Scorborough in the East Riding of Yorkshire, 1100–1700 (York, 1914)Google Scholar; Stirling, A.M.W., The Hothams: being the chronicles of the Hothams of Scorborough and South Dalton from their hitherto unpublished family papers, 2 vols (London, 1918)Google Scholar.

3 Hopper, A., ‘The self-fashioning of gentry turncoats during the English civil wars’, Journal of British Studies, 49 (2010), pp. 236–257CrossRefGoogle Scholar; idem, ‘“Fitted for desperation”: honour and treachery in parliament's Yorkshire command, 1642–1643’, History, 86 (2001), pp. 138–154; idem, ‘Black Tom’: Sir Thomas Fairfax and the English Revolution (Manchester, 2007), pp. 61, 163–165, 240.

4 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/31–46.

5 Scott, D., ‘Sir John Hotham (1589–1645)’ and ‘John Hotham (1610–1645)’, ODNB; Stirling, The Hothams, I, pp. 25–26Google Scholar.

6 Roebuck, Yorkshire Baronets, p. 64; English, Great Landowners, p. 102.

7 J. Broadway, R. Cust, and S.K. Roberts (eds), A Calendar of the Docquets of Lord Keeper Coventry, 1625–1640, List and Index Society, special series, 34 (2004), p. 65.

8 CSPD, 1638–1639, p. 310.

9 Scott, D., ‘“Hannibal at our gates”: loyalists and fifth-columnists during the Bishops’ Wars – the case of Yorkshire’, Historical Research, 70 (1997), p. 280CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

10 Saltmarshe, History and Chartulary of the Hothams, p. 113.

11 Scott, ‘“Hannibal at our gates”’, pp. 277–281; Binns, J. (ed.), The Memoirs and Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley of Whitby 1600–1657, YASRS, 153 (2000), pp. 102Google Scholar, 125n.

12 Scott, ‘Sir John Hotham’.

13 The governor in 1640–1641 was Sir Thomas Glemham: Stirling, The Hothams, I, p. 38.

14 Parsons, D. (ed.), The Diary of Sir Henry Slingsby of Scriven, Bart (London, 1836), p. 92Google Scholar.

15 Binns, The Memoirs and Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley, pp. 128–129; Macray, W.D. (ed.), The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England Begun in the Year 1641 by Edward, Earl of Clarendon, 6 vols (Oxford, 1888), III, 526Google Scholar.

16 Russell, C., The Fall of the British Monarchies, 1637–1642 (Oxford, 1991), p. 340Google Scholar.

17 Cust, R., ‘Honour and politics in early Stuart England: the case of Beaumont v. Hastings’, Past & Present, 149 (1995), pp. 60CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 91; M. James, English Politics and the Concept of Honour, 1485–1642, Past & Present supplement, 3 (1978), p. 92.

18 Cust, R., ‘The “public man” in late Tudor and early Stuart England’, in Lake, P. and Pincus, S. (eds), The Politics of the Public Sphere in Early Modern England (Manchester, 2007), pp. 119, 126, 129Google Scholar.

19 Cust, R., ‘Catholicism, antiquarianism and gentry honour: the writings of Sir Thomas Shirley’, Midland History, 23 (1998), p. 49CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Stirling, The Hothams, I, p. 21.

20 Heal, F. and Holmes, C., The Gentry in England and Wales, 1500–1700 (Basingstoke, 1994), p. 171Google Scholar.

21 Saltmarshe, History and Chartulary of the Hothams, p. 112; HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/8.

22 Binns, The Memoirs and Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley, p. 131.

23 Stirling, The Hothams, I, pp. 96–97.

24 Fletcher, A., Reform in the Provinces: the government of Stuart England (New Haven, 1986), p. 100Google Scholar.

25 The North Riding numbered 120,000 and the West Riding 220,000: Purdy, J.D., Yorkshire Hearth Tax Returns, Studies in Regional and Local History, 7 (University of Hull, 1991), pp. 50Google Scholar, 69, 95, 123. Barbara English advanced the more conservative estimate of 53,000 as the population of the East Riding in 1600: English, Great Landowners, p. 3.

26 English, Great Landowners, pp. 2–3.

27 Forster, G.C.F., The East Riding Justices of the Peace in the Seventeenth Century, East Yorkshire Local History Society, 30 (1973), pp. 9–10Google Scholar.

28 ERRO: DDRI 2,960, fo. 73.

29 Purdy, Yorkshire Hearth Tax Returns, p. 129.

30 Binns, J., Yorkshire in the Civil Wars: origins, impact and outcome (Pickering, North Yorks, 2004), p. 2Google Scholar.

31 Forster, The East Riding Justices of the Peace, p. 30.

32 Allison, K.J. (ed.), The Victoria History of the County of York, East Riding. Vol. VI: the borough and liberties of Beverley (Oxford, 1989), pp. 178–179Google Scholar.

33 ERRO, BC II 7/4/1: Beverley Minute Book 1597–1660, fo. 74v.

34 Purdy, Yorkshire Hearth Tax Returns, p. 129.

35 Davis, R., The Trade and Shipping of Hull, 1500–1700, East Yorkshire Local History Society, 17 (1964), p. 23Google Scholar.

36 Cross, C., Urban Magistrates and Ministers: religion in Hull and Leeds from the Reformation to the civil war, University of York: Borthwick Papers, 67 (1985), p. 2Google Scholar.

37 Howes, A. and Foreman, M., Town and Gun: the 17th-century defences of Hull (Hull, 1999), pp. 23–26Google Scholar; Binns, Yorkshire in the Civil Wars, p. 27.

38 Fletcher, A., The Outbreak of the English Civil War (London, 1981), p. 185Google Scholar; Armstrong, R., ‘The Long Parliament goes to war: the Irish campaigns, 1641–3’, Historical Research, 80 (2007), pp. 88, 90Google Scholar.

39 Bean, W.W., The Parliamentary Representation of the Six Northern Counties of England (Hull, 1890), pp. 740, 812, 844Google Scholar.

40 Cross, Urban Magistrates and Ministers, p. 24.

41 Marchant, R.A., The Puritans and the Church Courts in the Diocese of York, 1560–1642 (London, 1960), pp. 102Google Scholar, 268, 275, 282, 293.

42 English, Great Landowners, p. 132; Sheils, W.J., ‘Provincial preaching on the eve of the civil war: some West Riding sermons’, in Fletcher, A. and Roberts, P. (eds), Religion, Culture and Society in Early Modern Britain: essays in honour of Patrick Collinson (Cambridge, 1994), p. 291Google Scholar.

43 BL, Birch MS 4,460, fos 34–35; Cox, J.C., ‘Parliamentary survey of the benefices of the East Riding’, TERAS, 2 (1894), p. 33Google Scholar.

44 Cliffe, The Yorkshire Gentry, p. 262.

45 Ryder, I.E., ‘The seizure of Hull and its magazine, January 1642’, YAJ, 61 (1989), pp. 141–142Google Scholar; Gent, T., Gent's History of Hull Reprinted in Fac-simile of the Original of 1735 (Hull, 1869), p. 144Google Scholar; Fletcher, The Outbreak of the English Civil War, p. 314; Reckitt, B.N., Charles the First and Hull, 1639–1645 (2nd edn, Howden, 1988), p. 23Google Scholar; English, Great Landowners, p. 135.

46 For details of these gentlemen, see Appendix II.

47 LJ, IV, p. 662.

48 Gent, Gent's History of Hull, p. 145; Reckitt, Charles the First and Hull, pp. 27–34.

49 Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, Osborn Shelves, fb87, fo. 62r–v.

50 BL, TT E200(45), A learned speech made by the right worshipfull Sir John Hotham (London, 27 May 1642); W.C. Trevelyan and C.E. Trevelyan (eds), Trevelyan Papers, Part III, Camden Society, first series, 105 (1872), p. 223.

51 CJ, II, pp. 617, 622.

52 House of Lords MS, HMC, 5th Report, Part I, Report and Appendix (London, 1876), p. 19; CJ, II, p. 551.

53 Verney MS, HMC, 7th Report, Part I, Report and Appendix (London, 1879), p. 438.

54 Bodl. MS Clarendon XXI, fo. 79.

55 The Parliamentary or Constitutional History of England, 24 vols (London, 1751–1761), XI, p. 61.

56 Reckitt, Charles the First and Hull, p. 45; CJ, II, pp. 587–588; Saltmarshe, History and Chartulary of the Hothams, p. 124; Sheahan, J.J., History of the Town and Port of Kingston-upon-Hull (2nd edn, Beverley, 1866), p. 141Google Scholar; BL, TT E107(31), Terrible news from Hull: concerning a great conspiracy which was intended against Sir John Hotham (London, 20 July 1642).

57 BL, TT E256(45), A perfect diurnall of some passages in parliament, 2–9 December 1644 (London, 1644), p. 560; BL, TT E67(22), Certaine informations from severall parts of the kingdome, 11–18 September 1643 (London, 1643), p. 268; Reckitt, Charles the First and Hull, pp. 49–52; HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/35; Macray, The History of the Rebellion, II, pp. 257–267.

58 BL, TT E154(34), Terrible and true newes from Beverley and the city of Yorke (London, 1642), p. 1: LJ, V, p. 217.

59 TNA, SP 28/138/4; J.R. Powell and E.K. Timings (eds), Documents Relating to the Civil War, 1642–1648, Navy Records Society, 105 (1963), p. 24.

60 Reckitt, Charles the First and Hull, pp. 54–61; Duckett, G., ‘Civil war proceedings in Yorkshire’, YAJ, 7 (1882), p. 398Google Scholar; Broxap, E., ‘The sieges of Hull during the great civil war’, English Historical Review, 20 (1905), pp. 457–473CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

61 BL, TT E240(20), A perfect diurnall of the passages in parliament, 26 September–3 October 1642 (London, 1642); BL, TT E119(29), Fourteen articles of peace propounded to the king and parliament by the gentry and commonalty of the county of York (London, 4 October 1642); Woolrych, A., ‘Yorkshire's treaty of neutrality’, History Today, 6 (1956), pp. 700–703Google Scholar.

62 BL, TT E121(32), The declaration of Captain Hotham sent to the parliament (London, 1642); BL, TT E121(45), A true & exact relation [. . .] also a protestation of Master Hotham, and divers other knights and gentlemen, against the 14. articles of pacification, and neutrality (London, 12 October 1642), p. 14; BL, TT E240(30), Reasons why Sir John Hotham, trusted by the parliament, cannot in honour agree to the treaty of pacification made by some gentlemen of York-shire at Rothwell, Sept. 29. 1642 (London, 1642), p. 3.

63 Sutherland MS, HMC, 5th Report, Appendix, p. 191.

64 Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, Osborn Shelves b101, The commonplace book of Ralph Assheton of Kirkby Grange; Bodl. MS Fairfax XXXVI, fo. 5r; BL, TT E126(1), Speciall passages, 25 October–1 November 1642 (London, 1642), p. 102.

65 YML, CWT, 42-12-20, An exact and true relation of a bloody fight (London, 1642); BL, Add. MS 18,979, fo. 129r–v; Parsons, The Diary of Sir Henry Slingsby, p. 86.

66 Hopper, ‘Black Tom’, pp. 37–39.

67 BL, TT E86(5), The kingdoms weekly intelligencer, 17–24 January 1643 (London, 1643), p. 29; BL, TT E86(40), The kingdoms weekly intelligencer, 24–31 January 1643 (London, 1643).

68 CJ, II, p. 920.

69 Rushworth, J., Historical Collections (London, 1691), Part III, II, p. 64Google Scholar; BL, Add. MS 18,979, fo. 127r.

70 CJ, II, p. 923.

71 BL, Add. MS 18,979, fo. 131; BL, Add. MS 34,195, fo. 35.

72 Binns, The Memoirs and Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley, p. 126.

73 BL, Harleian MS 164, fo. 285r.

74 Bell, R. (ed.), The Fairfax Correspondence: memorials of the civil war, 2 vols (London, 1849), II, p. 36Google Scholar.

75 BL, TT E85(15), The kingdomes weekly intelligencer, 10–17 January 1643 (London, 1643), p. 22; BL, TT E86(3), Speciall passages, 17–24 January 1643 (London, 1643), p. 198; BL, TT E86(7), The kingdomes weekly intelligencer, 17–24 January 1643 (London, 1643), pp. 301–302; P.W. Thomas (ed.), The English Revolution III, Newsbooks I, Oxford Royalist, 4 vols (London, 1971), II, pp. 21, 28; BL, TT E246(26), Mercurius aulicus, 5–11 February 1643 (Oxford, 1643).

76 Macray, The History of the Rebellion, III, pp. 526–529.

77 CJ, II, p. 40; J.R. Boyle (ed.), Memoirs of Master John Shawe, Sometime Vicar of Rotherham, Minister of St Mary's, Lecturer at Holy Trinity Church, and Master of the Charterhouse, at Kingston-upon-Hull. Written by himself in the year 1663–1664 (Hull, 1882), p. 26; J. Shaw, ‘The life of Master John Shaw’, in C. Jackson (ed.), Yorkshire Diaries and Autobiographies in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, Surtees Society, 65 (1875), Appendix, p. 369.

78 Bodl. MS Fairfax XXXVI, fo. 7v.

79 Binns, The Memoirs and Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley, pp. 126–127; Tickell, J., History of the Town and County of Kingston-upon-Hull (Hull, 1798), p. 465Google Scholar.

80 BL, Harleian MS 164, fo. 318v; CJ, II, p. 995.

81 BL, Harleian MS 164, fo. 337r.

82 Portland MS, HMC, 29, 13th Report, Appendix, Part I, I, p. 90; YML, CWT, 43-01-18, Newes from Yorke. Being a true relation of the proceedings of Sir Hugh Cholmley (London, 1643).

83 Binns, The Memoirs and Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley, pp. 143–146; idem, ‘A Place of Great Importance’: Scarborough in the civil wars, 1640–1660 (Preston, 1996), pp. 89–99; BL, TT E95(9), A True and Exact Relation of All the Proceedings of Sir Hugh Cholmleys Revolt (London, 7 April 1643).

84 BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 40r.

85 Ibid., fo. 42v.

86 BL, TT E100(18), Mercurius aulicus, 16–22 April 1643 (Oxford, 1643), p. 205.

87 Sir Christopher Wray was Hotham's brother-in-law: Binns, The Memoirs and Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley, p. 127.

88 The horse comprised the troops of John Hotham, Sir John Hotham (commanded by Major Lowinger), Sir Edward Rodes, Sir Matthew Boynton, and Captain Bethell. The foot were Hull greycoats under Captain Purefoy: TNA, SP 28/300/441; Holmes, C., Seventeenth-century Lincolnshire (Lincoln, 1980), p. 163Google Scholar.

89 BL, TT E100(18), Mercurius aulicus, 16–22 April 1643 (Oxford, 1643), pp. 194–196.

90 Portland MS, HMC, 29, 13th Report, Appendix, Part I, supplement, I, pp. 707–708.

91 Holmes, Seventeenth-century Lincolnshire, pp. 164–166; Holmes, C., ‘Colonel King and Lincolnshire politics, 1642–1646’, Historical Journal, 16 (1973), p. 483CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

92 BL, Harleian MS 164, fos 378v–379r.

93 BL, Add. MS 18,980, fo. 69r.

94 BL, Add. MS 18,979, fos 141r–142v; N.H. Keeble (ed.), Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson (London, 1995), pp. 108–109.

95 Bickley, F. (ed.), A Report on the Manuscripts of the Late Reginald Rawdon Hastings Esq., HMC, 78, 4 vols (London, 1928–1947), II, p. 103Google Scholar.

96 CJ, III, p. 138.

97 Stirling, The Hothams, I, pp. 79–80; Keeble, Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson, p. 109; BL, TT E21(16), Mercurius civicus: London's intelligencer, 5–12 December 1644 (London, 1644), pp. 744–745, 749.

98 Green, M.A.E. (ed.), The Letters of Queen Henrietta Maria (London, 1857), pp. 191Google Scholar, 220–221; BL, TT E292(27), The kings cabinet opened (London, 1645), p. 33.

99 BL, Harleian MS 164, fo. 234r–v.

100 CJ, III, p. 146.

101 By ‘that Anabaptist’, Sir John Hotham clearly meant Oliver Cromwell: BL, Harleian MS 165, fo. 107r; BL, Add. MS 44,848, fo. 287.

102 Stirling, The Hothams, I, p. 81.

103 BL, TT E249(24), A perfect diurnal of some passages in parliament, 3–10 July 1643 (London, 1643), p. 10; BL, Egerton MS 2,647, fo. 9.

104 Tickell, History of Hull, pp. 458–460.

105 BL, TT E51(11), Hull's managing of the kingdom's cause (London, 1644), pp. 9–10; Stirling, The Hothams, I, p. 81.

106 BL, TT E59(2), A true relation of the discovery of a most desperate and dangerous plot, for the delivering up, and surprising of the townes of Hull and Beverley (London, 4 July 1643), pp. 3–5; Binns, The Memoirs and Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley, p. 129; Reckitt, Charles the First and Hull, p. 82.

107 Reckitt, Charles the First and Hull, p. 85; Bodl., MS Tanner LXII, fo. 138.

108 HHC: C BRS/7/67; Bodl., MS Tanner LXII, fo. 154.

109 BL, TT E61(16) Certain informations, 17–24 July 1643 (London, 1643), pp. 209–210.

110 BL, Harleian MS 165, fos 117v, 153v–154r.

111 CJ, III, p. 218.

112 Ibid., p. 230.

113 BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 77r; BL, Harleian MS 165, fos 170r–172r; BL, TT E67(22), Certaine informations, p. 268.

114 BL, Harleian MS 165, fos 172r, 175r–176r; BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 77v; CJ, III, p. 262.

115 BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 83r.

116 Ibid., fo. 95v.

117 CJ, III, pp. 387–389; BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 114r.

118 BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 142r–v; BL, TT E252(41), A perfect diurnall of some passages in parliament, 3–10 June 1644 (London, 1644), p. 355.

119 CJ, III, p. 562; BL, TT E54(19), A full relation of the late victory (London, 11 July 1644), p. 13.

120 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/33.

121 BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 171r.

122 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/42.

123 CJ, III, p. 704; BL, TT E21(2), Mercurius civicus: London's intelligencer, 28 November–5 December 1644 (London, 1644), pp. 736–738; Stirling, The Hothams, I, p. 89; BL, TT E59(2), A true relation of the discovery of a most desperate and dangerous plot, pp. 5–6; Tickell, History of Hull, pp. 465–471.

124 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/40–41, 43.

125 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/34–38.

126 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/34–35; BL, TT E21(2), Mercurius civicus, pp. 736–738.

127 BL, Sloane MS 1,519, fo. 15.

128 Stirling, The Hothams, I, p. 90.

129 CJ, III, p. 721.

130 BL, TT E21(16), Mercurius civicus: London's intelligencer, 5–12 December 1644 (London, 1644), pp. 744–750; BL, TT E22(8), The weekly account, 18–24 December 1644 (London, 1644); BL, TT E22(12), Mercurius civicus: London's intelligencer, 19–26 December 1644 (London, 1644), p. 760; Scott, ‘John Hotham’.

131 BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 182r–v; The Parliamentary or Constitutional History of England, XIII, pp. 357–359.

132 Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, Osborn Shelves, fb87, fo. 62r–v.

133 BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 183r; Bodl., MS Tanner, LXI, fo. 212.

134 BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 183r; Stirling, The Hothams, I, p. 93; BL, TT E23(9), Mercurius civicus: London's intelligencer, 26 December–2 January 1645 (London, 1645), p. 773.

135 BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 183v.

136 Stirling, The Hothams, I, pp. 96–97.

137 Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, Osborn Shelves, fb87, fo. 62r–v; BL, TT E24(9), Mercurius civicus: London's intelligencer, 2–9 January 1645 (London, 1645), p. 776.

138 BL, Add. MS 31,116, fo. 209v.

139 Scott, D., ‘The “Northern Gentlemen”, the parliamentary Independents and Anglo-Scottish relations in the Long Parliament’, Historical Journal, 42 (1999), pp. 347–375CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Hopper, ‘Black Tom’, pp. 60–61.

140 HHC: C BRS/7/74, BRS/7/77.

141 Clay, J.W. (ed.), Abstracts of Yorkshire Wills, YASRS, 9 (1890), p. 42Google Scholar.

142 BL, TT E107(32), Exceeding good newes from Beverley, Yorke, Hull and Newcastle, 20 July 1642 (London, 1642), pp. 3–5.

143 BL, TT E244(15), A perfect diurnall of the passages in parliament, 12–19 December 1642 (London, 1642); Portland MS, HMC, 29, 13th Report, Appendix, Part I, I, p. 67; CJ, II, p. 863.

144 Bodl., MS Tanner LXII, fo. 155.

145 BL, Egerton MS 2,647, fo. 29.

146 Binns, The Memoirs and Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley, pp. 128, 131; Whitelocke, B., Memorials of English Affairs, 4 vols (Oxford, 1853), I, p. 206Google Scholar; Cliffe, The Yorkshire Gentry, pp. 313, 382.

147 Gardiner, S.R., History of the Great Civil War, 1642–1649, 4 vols (London, 1904), I, p. 105Google Scholar; Cliffe, The Yorkshire Gentry, p. 346.

148 Macray, The History of the Rebellion, II, p. 258.

149 BL, TT E239(6), A soveraign antidote to prevent appease, and determine our unnaturall and destructive civill-wars and dissentions (London, 18 August 1642), p. 23; BL, TT E122(24), A declaration of the lords and commons assembled in parliament (London, 17 October 1642); BL, TT E240(40), A perfect diurnall of the passages in parliament, 10–17 October 1642 (London, 1642), p. 8; BL, TT E242(19), England's memorable accidents, 14–21 November 1642 (London, 1642), p. 87; BL, TT E127(48), The effect of all letters read in the House of Parliament, 14–23 November 1642 (London, 1642); BL, TT E90(12), Special passages, 14–21 February 1643 (London, 1643), p. 232; BL, TT E90(16), A continuation of certaine speciall and remarkable passages, 16–23 February 1643 (London, 1643); BL, TT E246(30), A perfect diurnall of the passages in parliament, 20–27 February 1643 (London, 1643).

150 BL, TT E154(34), Terrible and true newes from Beverley and the city of Yorke (London, July 1642), pp. 6–7; BL, TT E153(15), True newes from Yorke. Consisting of severall matters of note, and high concernment, since the 13. of Iune (London, 1642); BL, Harleian MS 164, fo. 278r–v.

151 Bodl., MS Carte VI, fo. 11; Bodl., MS Clarendon XXIV, fo. 24v; Whitelocke, Memorials of English Affairs, I, p. 206; Macray, The History of the Rebellion, II, pp. 261–263.

152 CJ, III, p. 704; Hopper, ‘Black Tom’, p. 153.

153 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/34.

154 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/35.

155 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/37–38.

156 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/36.

157 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/14–29.

158 English, B., ‘Sir John Hotham and the English civil war’, Archives, 20 (1992), pp. 220–221Google Scholar.

159 CJ, III, p. 610.

160 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/33.

161 Saltmarshe, History and Chartulary of the Hothams, p. 140.

162 HHC: Hotham MS, U DDHO/1/12.

163 CJ, IV, p. 295.

164 Portland MS, HMC, 29, 13th Report, Appendix, Part I, I.