Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T07:41:13.180Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mortalité des malades mentaux hospitalisés (lère partie)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2020

F. Casadebaig  and
N. Quemada
F. Casadebaig*
Affiliation:
Chargée de Recherche, U 302 INSERM, 44 Chemin de Ronde, 78110 , Le Vésinet, France
N. Quemada
Affiliation:
Chargée de Recherche INSERM, 2 ter rue d'Alésia, 75014Paris, France
*
Correspondance à envoyer à : Madame Françoise Casadebaig. Corresponding author
Get access

Résumé

Les statistiques sur les décès dans les hôpitaux psychiatriques existant actuellement en France ne permettent pas de calculer avec précision la mortalité des malades mentaux hospitalisés car on ne dispose pas du nombre de sujets pris en charge au cours d’une année.

Toutefois, à partir des durées de séjour, à l’aide de la méthode des personnes-années, on peut reconstituer une estimation satisfaisante de la population prise en charge, soit 96 750 patients. L’effectif théorique de population ainsi calculé est réparti selon la distribution observée par sexe et par âge des malades existants au 31 décembre.

Le nombre des décès observés par sexe et groupe d’âge est comparé aux décès que l’on aurait eus si les taux de mortalité de la population générale française de 1982 (milieu de l’année) avaient été appliqués aux effectifs de patients hospitalisés du même sexe et du même groupe d’âge. Il ressort de cette comparaison que la mortalité des malades hospitalisés est globalement trois fois plus élevée que celle de la population générale. Cette surmortalité est plus accentuée encore pour les groupes d’âges jeunes, surtout chez les femmes.

Summary

Summary

Currently available statistics on psychiatric in-patients in France do not supply enough information for exact estimation of mortality rates. Despite the recording of the number of deaths occuring in a given year in all psychiatric hospitals, the population hospitalized during that same year is not known.

The data only provide information about in-patients counted on prevalence day (31 December). The number of admissions per year which are followed by discharge or death is also known. Yet, for instance, the subject who is admitted and discharged three times during a given year counts as three admissions (and has only a single chance of dying).

The length of each stay is known, and has permitted the calculation of the number of days each patient was hospitalized, from admission to discharge or death. By adding up all the days during which each patient was a hospital resident and by dividing this total by 365, we obtained a number of person years. There were a total of 96,750 person-years, distributed as a function of age and sex of in-patients counted on prevalence day (31 December). In-patient distribution as a function of age on a single day can be considered as similar to that encountered any other day of the year.

The expected number of deaths was obtained by multiplying the age- and sex-specific rate for the French population in 1982 (the midpoint of the follow-up period), by the cohort's person-year contribution to that age and sex category. The standardized mortality ratio can be interpreted as the risk of dying relative to that presented by persons of the same age and sex in the general population. A standardized mortality ratio greater than I indicates higher risk.

Death rates are apparently higher among psychiatric in-patients than in the general population, with about three times the number of deaths expected on the basis of rates for the French population. This excess mortality is highest in the younger groups, especially among young females.

Keywords

Malades mentaux hospitalisésSurmortalitéPsychiatric in-patientsExcess mortality
Type
Research Article
Information
Psychiatry and Psychobiology , Volume 2 , Issue 5 , 1987 , pp. 344 - 349
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliographie/References

Allebeck, P., Wistedt, B. - Mortality in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986; 43: 650–653CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brook, O.H. - Mortality in the long stay population of Dutch mental hospitals. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1985; 71: 626–635CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casadebaig, F., Quemada, N. - Morbidité psychiatrique de secteur public. Soc Psychiatry 1980 ; 15: 193–201CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Craig, T.J., Lin, S.P. - Mortality among Psychiatric Inpatients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981; 38: 935–938CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Desplanques, G. - La mortalité des adultes. Collection de l’INSEE, n° 102, 1984.Google Scholar
Enzell, K. - Mortality among persons with depressive symptoms and among responders and non-responders in health check-up. An investigation of persons born in 1905 and followed up from age 66 to 75. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1984; 69: 89–102CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giel, R., Dijk, S., van Weerden-Dijkstra, - Mortality in the long-stay population of all Dutch mental hospitals. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1978; 57: 361–368.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hall, R.C.W., Popkin, M.K., Devaul, R.A., Faillace, L.A., Stickney, S.K. - Physical illness presenting as psychiatric disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1978; 35: 1315–1320.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hatton, F. - Statistiques des causes médicales de décès. Ed. INSERM, 1982.Google Scholar
Malla, A.K., Norman, R.M.G. - Mental hospital and general hospital psychiatric units: a comparison of services vvithin the same geographic area. Psychol Med 1983; 13: 431–439.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martin, R.L., Cloninger, C.R., Guze, S.B., Clayton, P.J. - Mortality in a follow-up of 500 psychiatric outpatients. I: Total mortality. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985; 42: 47–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masterson, E., O’shea, B. - Smoking and malignancy in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1984; 145: 429–432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Merle, H - Cancer et psychose. J Chir 1987 ; 124, 3 : 204–209.Google Scholar
Mesle, F., Vallin, J. - La population des établissements psychiatriques : évolution de la morbidité ou changement de stratégie médicale. Population 1981 ;6 : 1005–1034.Google Scholar
Ming, T., Tsuang, M.D., Woolson, R.F. - Mortality in patients with schizophrenia, mania, depression and surgical conditions. Br J Psychiatry 1977; 130: 162–166.Google Scholar
Ming, T., Tsuang, M.D., Woolson, R.F. - Excess mortality in schizophrenia and affective disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1978; 35: 1181–85.Google Scholar
Ming, T., Simpson, J. - Mortality studies in psychiatry. Should they stop or proceed ?. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985; 42: 98–103.Google Scholar
Murphy, J.M., Richard, R.M., Olivier, D.C., Sobol, A.M., Leighton, A.H. - Affective disorders and mortality. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987; 44: 473–480.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ribourdouille, M., Corten, P. - Mortalité chez des patients frequentant un secteur psychiatrique. Acta Psychiatr Belg 1986; 86: 514–525.Google Scholar
Rorsman, B. - Mortality among psychiatric patients. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1974; 50: 354–375.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sadoun, R., Quemada, N., Chassagne, M.-M. - Statistiques médicales des établissements psychiatriques. Editions INSERM, 1976.Google Scholar
Saugstad, L.F., ∅degard, O. - Mortality in psychiatric hospitals in Norway, 1950 - 1974. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1979; 4: 431–447.Google Scholar
Sims, A., Prior, P. - The pattern of mortality in severe neuroses. Br J Psychiatry 1978; 133 : 299–305.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sturt, E. - Mortality in a cohort of long-term users of community psychiatric services. Psychol Med 1983; 13: 431–439.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.