Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T23:08:20.966Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Nutritional implications of a meatless diet

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 August 2018

T. A. B. Sanders ,
Sheela Reddy ,
P. J. A. Sheehy  and
F. J. Monahan
T. A. B. Sanders
Affiliation:
Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, University of London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
Sheela Reddy
Affiliation:
Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, University of London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
P. J. A. Sheehy
Affiliation:
Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, University of London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
F. J. Monahan
Affiliation:
Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, University of London, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Symposium on ‘The role of meat in the human diet’
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 53 , Issue 2 , July 1994 , pp. 297 - 307
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1994

References

Anderson, B. M., Gibson, R. S. & Sabry, J. H. (1981). The iron and zinc status of long term vegetarian women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 34, 1042-1049.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Armstrong, B. K., Clarke, H., Martin, C, Ward, W., Norman, N. & Masarei, J. (1979). Urinary sodium and blood pressure in vegetarians. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 32, 2472-2476.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Armstrong, B. K., Davis, R. E., Nicol, D. J., van Merwick, A. J. & Larwood, C. J. (1974). Haematological, vitamin B12 and folate studies on Seventh-Day Adventist vegetarians. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 27, 712-718.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barker, D. J., Osmond, C, Simmonds, S. J. & Wield, G. A. (1993). The relation of small head circumference and thinness at birth to death from cardiovascular disease in adult life. British Medical Journal 306, 422-426.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birch, E., Birch, D., Hoffman, D., Hale, L., Everett, C. O. & Uauy, R. (1993). Breast-feeding and optimal visual development. Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 30, 33-38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burr, M. L., Bates, C. J., Fehily, A. M. & St Leger, A. S. (1981). Plasma cholesterol and blood pressure in vegetarians. Journal of Human Nutrition 35, 437-441.Google ScholarPubMed
Burr, M. L. & Butland, B. K. (1988). Heart disease in British vegetarians. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 48, 830-832.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campbell, M., Lofters, W. S. & Gibbs, W. N. (1982). Rastafarianism and the vegans syndrome. British Medical Journal 285, 1617-1618.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cathro, J. (1991). Consumer attitudes and market developments in vegetarian products. Vegetarian Foods – A Green Future, Conference/Workshop no. T330. Leatherhead: Food Research Association.Google Scholar
Chanarin, I., Malkowska, V., O'Hara, A. M., Rinsler, M. G. & Price, A. B. (1985). Megaloblastic anaemia in a vegetarian Hindu community. Lancet ii, 1168-1172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chanarin, I. & Stephenson, E. (1988). Vegetarian diet and cobalamin deficiency: their association with tuberculosis. Journal of Clinical Pathology 41, 759-762.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chang-Claude, J. & Frentzel-Beyme, R. (1993). Dietary and lifestyle determinants of mortality among German vegetarians. International Journal of Epidemiology 22, 228-236.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dagnelie, P. C., van Staveren, W. A., van Klaveren, J. D. & Burema, J. (1988). Do children on macrobiotic diets show catch-up growth? European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 42, 1007-1016.Google ScholarPubMed
Dagnelie, P. C., van Staveren, W. A., Vergote, F. J. V. R. A., Dingjan, P. G., van den Berg, H. & Hautvast, J. G. A. J. (1989). Increased risk of vitamin B12 and iron deficiency in infants on macrobiotic diets. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 50, 818-824.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dagnelie, P. C., Vergote, F. J. V. R. A., van Staveren, W. A., van den Berg, H., Dingjan, P. G. & Hautvast, J. G. A. J. (1990). High prevalence of rickets in infants on macrobiotic diets. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 51, 202-208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Draper, A., Lewis, J.,Malhotra, N. & Wheeler, E. (1993). The energy and nutrient intake of different types of vegetarian: a case for supplements? British Journal of Nutrition 69, 3-19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Enstrom, J. E. (1975). Colo-rectal cancer and consumption of beef and fat. British Journal of Cancer 32, 432-439.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fonnebo, V. (1992). Mortality in Norwegian Seventh-day Adventists 1962-1986. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 45, 157-167.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fraser, G. E., Beeson, W. L. & Phillips, R. L. (1991). Diet and lung cancer in California Seventh-day Adventists. American Journal of Epidemiology 133, 683-693.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gear, J. S. S., Mann, J. I., Thorogood, M., Carter, R. & Jeffs, R. (1980). Biochemical and haematological variables in vegetarians. British Medical Journal 280, 1415.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gear, J. S. S., Ware, A. C., Nolan, D. J., Fursdon, P. A., Brodribb, A. J. M. & Mann, J. I. (1979). Symptomless diverticular disease and dietary fibre. Lancet i, 511-514.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haines, A. P., Chakrabarti, R., Fisher, D., Meade, T. W., North, W. R. S. & Stirling, Y. (1980). Haemostatic variables in vegetarians and non-vegetarians. Thrombosis Research 19, 139-148.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hevens, M. C., Dagnelie, P. C., Kleber, R. J., Mol, M. C. J. & van Staveren, W. A. (1992). Nutrition and mental development of 4-5 year old children on macrobiotic diets. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 5, 1-10.Google Scholar
Jacobs, C. & Dwyer, J. T. (1988). Vegetarian children: appropriate and inappropriate diets. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 43, Suppl. 3, 811-818.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensen, O. M. (1983). Cancer risk among Danish male Seventh-Day Adventists and other temperance society members. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 70, 1011-1014.Google ScholarPubMed
Kim, I., Hungerford, D. W., Yip, R., Kuester, S. A., Zyrkowski, C. & Trowbridge, F. L. (1992). Pregnancy nutrition surveillance system – United States, 1979-1990. MMWR Center for Disease Control Surveillance Summaries (United States) 41, 25-41.Google ScholarPubMed
King, J. C., Stein, T. & Doyle, M. (1981). Effect of vegetarianism on zinc status of pregnant women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 34, 1049-1055.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, H. P., Gourley, L., Duffy, S. W., Estene, J., Lee, J. & Day, N. E. (1991). Dietary effects on breast-cancer risk in Singapore. Lancet 337, 1197-1200.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lyon, J. L., Klauber, M. R., Gardner, J. W. & Smart, C. R. (1976). Cancer incidence in mormons and non-mormons in Utah, 1966-1970. New England Journal of Medicine 294, 129-133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McFadyen, I. R., Campbell-Brown, M., Abraham, R., North, W. R. S. & Haines, A. P. (1984). Factors affecting birthweight in Hindus, Moslems and Europeans. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 91, 968-972.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Margetts, B. M., Beilin, L. J., Vandongen, R. & Armstrong, B. K. (1986). Vegetarian diet in mild hypertension: a randomised controlled trial. British Medical Journal 293, 129-133.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mills, P. K., Beeson, W. L., Phillips, R. L. & Fraser, G. E. (1989). Dietary habits and breast cancer incidence among Seventh-day Adventists. Cancer 64, 582-590.3.0.CO;2-V>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Misra, H. N. & Fallowfield, J. N. (1971). Sub-acute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in a vegan. Postgraduate Medical Journal 47, 624-626.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ohsawa, G. (1971). Macrobiotics: An Invitation to Health and Happiness. San Francisco: George Ohsawa Macrobiotic Foundation.Google Scholar
Pixley, S., Wilson, D., McPherson, K. & Mann, J. (1985). Effect of vegetarianism on the development of gallstones in women. British Medical Journal 291, 11-12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prasad, K., Reddy, S. & Sanders, T. A. B. (1993). Plasma ubiquinone (Q10) concentrations in female vegetarians and omnivores. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 52, 332A.Google Scholar
Pronczuk, A., Kipervarg, Y. & Hayes, K. C. (1992). Vegetarians have higher plasma alpha-tocopherol relative to cholesterol than do non-vegetarians. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 11, 50-55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rana, S. K. & Sanders, T. A. B. (1986). Taurine concentrations in the diet, plasma, urine and breastmilk of vegans compared with omnivores. British Journal of Nutrition 56, 17-27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reddy, S. (1991). A comparison of the diet and health of pre-menopausal Indian and Caucasian vegetarian women. PhD Thesis. University of London.Google Scholar
Reddy, S. & Sanders, T. A. B. (1990). Haematological studies on pre-menopausal Indian and Caucasian vegetarians compared with Caucasian omnivores. British Journal of Nutrition 64, 331-338.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reddy, S. & Sanders, T. A. B. (1992). Lipoprotein risk factors in vegetarian women of Indian descent are unrelated to dietary intake. Atherosclerosis 95, 223-229.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reddy, S., Sanders, T. A. B. & Obeid, O. (1994). The influence of maternal vegetarian diet on the essential fatty acid status of the newborn. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 48 (In the Press).Google ScholarPubMed
Roshani, F. & Sanders, T. A. B. (1984). Assessment of fatty acid intakes in vegans and omnivores. Human Nutrition: Applied Nutrition 38A, 345-354.Google Scholar
Sabate, J., Lindsted, K. D., Harris, R. D. & Sanchez, A. (1991). Attained height of lacto-ovo-vegetarian children and adolescents. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 45, 51-58.Google ScholarPubMed
Salonen, J. T., Nyyssonen, K., Korpela, H., Tuomilehto, J., Seppanen, R. & Salonen, R. (1992). High stored iron levels are associated with excess risk of myocardial infarction in eastern Finnish men. Circulation 86, 803-811.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanders, T. A. B., Ellis, F. R. & Dickerson, J. W. T. (1978a). Haematological studies on vegans. British Journal of Nutrition 40, 9-15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanders, T. A. B., Ellis, F. R. & Dickerson, J. W. T. (19786). Studies of vegans: the fatty acid composition of plasma choline phosphoglycerides, erythrocytes, adipose tissue, and breast milk, and some indicators of susceptibility to ischemic heart disease in vegans and omnivore controls. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 31, 805-813.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, T. A. B. & Key, T. J. A. (1987). Blood pressure, plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentrations in vegans and omnivore controls. Human Nutrition: Applied Nutrition 41A, 101-108.Google Scholar
Sanders, T. A. B. & Manning, J. (1992). The growth and development of vegan children. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics 5, 11-21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanders, T. A. B. & Reddy, S. (1992). The influence of a vegetarian diet on the fatty acid composition of human milk and essential fatty acid status of the infant. Journal of Pediatrics 120, S71-S77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanders, T. A. B. & Roshanai, F. (1992). Platelet phospholipid fatty acid composition and function in vegans compared with age- and sex-matched omnivore controls. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 46, 823-831.Google ScholarPubMed
Scholl, T. O., Hediger, M. L., Fischer, R. L. & Shearer, J. W. (1992). Anemia vs iron deficiency: increased risk of preterm delivery in a prospective study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 55, 985-988.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snowden, D. A. (1988). Animal product consumption and mortality because of all causes combined, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer in Seventh Day Adventists. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 48, 739-748.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Specker, B. L., Black, A., Allen, L. & Morrow, F. (1990). Vitamin B12: low milk concentrations are related to low serum concentrations in vegetarian women and to methylmalonic aciduria in their infants. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 52, 1073-1076.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
The Realeat Survey Office (1990). The Realeat Survey 1984-1990. Changing Attitudes to Meat Consumption. Altrincham: The Realeat Company Ltd, The Vegetarian Society.Google Scholar
Thompson, M. H. (1985). Fecal bile acids in health and disease. In Liver, Nutrition, and Bile Acids, pp. 113-130 [Galli, G. and Bosisia, E., editors]. London: Plenum.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thorogood, M., Carter, R., Benfield, L., McPherson, K. & Mann, J. I. (1987). Plasma lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in people with different diets in Britain. British Medical Journal 295, 351-353.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Turjman, N., Goodman, G. T., Jaeger, B. & Nair, P. P. (1984). Diet, nutrition intake, and metabolism in populations at high and low risk for colon cancer. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 40, 937-941.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ward, P. S., Drakeford, J. P., Milton, J. & James, A. (1982). Nutritional rickets in Rastafarian children. British Medical Journal 285, 1242-1243.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Widdowson, E. M. & McCance, R. A. (1954). Studies on the Nutritive Value of Bread and the Effect of Flour on the Growth of Undernourished Children. MRC Special Report Series no. 287. London: H.M. Stationery Office.Google ScholarPubMed
Willet, W. C., Stampfer, M. J., Colditz, G. A., Rosner, B. A. & Speizer, F. E. (1990). Relation of meat, fat and fibre intake to the risk of colon cancer in a prospective study among women. New England Journal of Medicine 323, 1664-1672.CrossRefGoogle Scholar