Following some remarks made by O'Grady and Oguiso, the potential density of rational points on the second punctual Hilbert scheme of certain K3 surfaces is proved.

Using a non-smooth version (due to Marano and Motreanu) of a variational principle of Ricceri we prove the existence of infinitely many solutions for certain systems of differential inclusions with various types of boundary conditions.

Among the values of a binary quadratic form, there are many twins of fixed distance. This is shown in quantitative form. For quadratic forms of discriminant −4 or 8 a corresponding result is obtained for triplets.

We consider orientable closed connected 3-manifolds obtained by performing Dehn surgery on the components of some classical links such as Borromean rings and twisted Whitehead links. We find geometric presentations of their fundamental groups and describe many of them as 2-fold branched coverings of the 3-sphere. Finally, we obtain some topological applications on the manifolds given by exceptional surgeries on hyperbolic 2-bridge knots.

A compact contact Ricci soliton (whose potential vector field is the Reeb vector field) is Sasaki–Einstein. A compact contact homogeneous manifold with a Ricci soliton is Sasaki–Einstein.

A Lehmer number is a composite positive integer n such that ϕ(n)|n − 1. In this paper, we show that given a positive integer g > 1 there are at most finitely many Lehmer numbers which are repunits in base g and they are all effectively computable. Our method is effective and we illustrate it by showing that there is no such Lehmer number when g ∈ [2, 1000].

Based on the work of Adem and Cohen, this note describes an explicit stable decomposition of the space of commuting n-tuples in SU(2) as a wedge of indecomposable summands.

Let A be a finite group acting fixed-point freely on a finite (solvable) group G. A longstanding conjecture is that if (|G|, |A|) = 1, then the Fitting length of G is bounded by the length of the longest chain of subgroups of A. It is expected that the conjecture is true when the coprimeness condition is replaced by the assumption that A is nilpotent. We establish the conjecture without the coprimeness condition in the case where A is an abelian group whose order is a product of three odd primes and where the Sylow 2-subgroups of G are abelian.

A conjecture of Gromov states that a one-ended word-hyperbolic group must contain a subgroup that is isomorphic to the fundamental group of a closed hyperbolic surface. Recent papers by Gordon and Wilton and by Kim and Wilton give sufficient conditions for hyperbolic surface groups to be embedded in a hyperbolic Baumslag double G. Using Nielsen cancellation methods based on techniques from previous work by the second author, we prove that a hyperbolic orientable surface group of genus 2 is embedded in a hyperbolic Baumslag double if and only if the amalgamated word W is a commutator: that is, W = [U, V] for some elements U, V ∈ F. Furthermore, a hyperbolic Baumslag double G contains a non-orientable surface group of genus 4 if and only if W = X2Y2 for some X, Y ∈ F. G can contain no non-orientable surface group of smaller genus.

Let A be a C*-algebra and let ΘA be the canonical contraction form the Haagerup tensor product of M(A) with itself to the space of completely bounded maps on A. In this paper we consider the following conditions on A: (a) A is a finitely generated module over the centre of M(A); (b) the image of ΘA is equal to the set E(A) of all elementary operators on A; and (c) the lengths of elementary operators on A are uniformly bounded. We show that A satisfies (a) if and only if it is a finite direct sum of unital homogeneous C*-algebras. We also show that if a separable A satisfies (b) or (c), then A is necessarily subhomogeneous and the C*-bundles corresponding to the homogeneous subquotients of A must be of finite type.

Let Γ be a graph and let G be a vertex-transitive subgroup of the full automorphism group Aut(Γ) of Γ. The graph Γ is called G-normal if G is normal in Aut(Γ). In particular, a Cayley graph Cay(G, S) on a group G with respect to S is normal if the Cayley graph is R(G)-normal, where R(G) is the right regular representation of G. Let T be a non-abelian simple group and let G = Tℓ with ℓ ≥ 1. We prove that if every connected T-vertex-transitive cubic symmetric graph is T-normal, then every connected G-vertex-transitive cubic symmetric graph is G-normal. This result, among others, implies that a connected cubic symmetric Cayley graph on G is normal except for T ≅ A47 and a connected cubic G-symmetric graph is G-normal except for T ≅ A7, A15 or PSL(4, 2).

We give a simple proof of the Lalonde–McDuff Conjecture for aspherical manifolds.

We consider the existence and multiplicity of standing-wave solutions

of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with electromagnetic fields and critical nonlinearity

Under suitable assumptions, we prove that it has at least one solution and that, for any m ∈ ℕ, it has at least m pairs of solutions.

We study closed Einstein–Weyl structures on compact K-contact, Sasakian and cosymplectic manifolds. In particular we prove that compact Sasakian and cosymplectic manifolds endowed with a closed Einstein–Weyl structure are η-Einstein.

This paper takes a new look at ideals generated by 2×2 minors of 2×3 matrices whose entries are powers of three elements not necessarily forming a regular sequence. A special case of this is the ideals determining monomial curves in three-dimensional space, which were studied by Herzog. In the broader context studied here, these ideals are identified as Northcott ideals in the sense of Vasconcelos, and so their liaison properties are displayed. It is shown that they are set-theoretically complete intersections, revisiting the work of Bresinsky and of Valla. Even when the three elements are taken to be variables in a polynomial ring in three variables over a field, this point of view gives a larger class of ideals than just the defining ideals of monomial curves. We then characterize when the ideals in this larger class are prime, we show that they are usually radical and, using the theory of multiplicities, we give upper bounds on the number of their minimal prime ideals, one of these primes being a uniquely determined prime ideal of definition of a monomial curve. Finally, we provide examples of characteristic-dependent minimal prime and primary structures for these ideals.

We classify all the effective anticanonical divisors on weak del Pezzo surfaces. Through this classification we obtain the smallest number among the log canonical thresholds of effective anticanonical divisors on a given Gorenstein canonical del Pezzo surface.

We prove weak-type (1, 1) estimates for rough parabolic singular integrals on ℝ2 under the L log L condition on their kernels.

We obtain solvability conditions for some elliptic equations involving non-Fredholm operators with the methods of spectral theory and scattering theory for Schrödinger-type operators. One of the main results of the paper concerns solvability conditions for the equation –Δu + V(x)u–au = f where a ≥ 0. The conditions are formulated in terms of orthogonality of the function f to the solutions of the homogeneous adjoint equation.