Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T05:56:34.208Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

DEVELOPMENT OF A 2D BIOMECHANICAL MODEL TO SIMULATE SEATED MULTIDIRECTIONAL ARM STRENGTH OF PEOPLE WITH C5-C7 TETRAPLEGIA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 June 2023

George Stilwell ,
Digby Symons  and
Shayne Gooch
George Stilwell*
Affiliation:
University of Canterbury
Digby Symons
Affiliation:
University of Canterbury
Shayne Gooch
Affiliation:
University of Canterbury
*
Stilwell, George, UC, New Zealand, [email protected]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

People living with tetraplegia experience a significant loss of sensory and motor function; with the severity depending on their injury level and completeness. To complete tasks independently, people with tetraplegia often rely on assistive devices. To avoid upper extremity pain, designs should not require applications of force near the limits of the user's physical strength. This paper establishes a 2D biomechanical model using static equilibrium and joint torque limits to predict multidirectional strength patterns in the sagittal plane for people with C5 to C7 tetraplegia in a seated position. The results from the biomechanical model highlight the areas and directions of high strength. The strength patterns observed in this paper provide an opportunity for designers to evaluate strength requirements and take advantage of areas and directions of high strength and ensure that users are not required to apply force near their physical limit. In doing this, designs such as assistive devices can be developed that enable users with a reduction in strength to operate them independently.

Keywords

Inclusive designEvaluationSimulationHuman modelTetraplegia
Type
Article
Information
Proceedings of the Design Society , Volume 3: ICED23 , July 2023 , pp. 1435 - 1444
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
Copyright
The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

References

Bober, T., Kulig, K., Burnfield, J.M. and Pietraszewski, B., 2002. Predictive torque equations for joints of the extremities. Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics, 4(2), pp.49–60.Google Scholar
Boone, D.C. and Azen, S.P., 1979. Normal range of motion of joints in male subjects. JBJS, 61(5), pp.756–759.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chaffin, D.B., 1997. Development of computerized human static strength simulation model for job design. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 7(4), pp.305–322.3.0.CO;2-7>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalyan, M., Cardenas, D. D. & Gerard, B. 1999. Upper extremity pain after spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord, 37, 191–195. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.sc.3100802CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Das, B. & Forde, M. 1999. Isometric Push-up and Pull-down Strengths of Paraplegics in the Workspace: 1. Strength Measurement Profiles. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 9, 277–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Leva, P. 1996. Adjustments to Zatsiorsky-Seluyanov's segment inertia parameters. Journal of Biomechanics, 29, 1223–1230. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(95)00178-6CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gooch, S., Medland, T., Rothwell, A., Dunn, J. & Falconer, M. On the design of devices for people with tetraplegia. DS 68-4: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED 11), Impacting Society through Engineering Design, Vol. 4: Product and Systems Design, Lyngby/Copenhagen, Denmark, 15.-19.08. 2011, 2011.Google Scholar
Harbo, T., Brincks, J. & Andersen, H. 2012. Maximal isokinetic and isometric muscle strength of major muscle groups related to age, body mass, height, and sex in 178 healthy subjects. Eur J Appl Physiol, 112, 267–275.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hernandez, V., Rezzoug, N. & Gorce, P. 2015. Toward isometric force capabilities evaluation by using a musculoskeletal model: Comparison with direct force measurement. Journal of Biomechanics, 48, 3178–3184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.07.003CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hollingsworth, L. 2010. Understanding and modelling manual wheelchair propulsion and strength characteristics in people with C5-C7 tetraplegia: a thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Bioengineering, the University of Canterbury. Dissertation/Thesis. http://dx.doi.org/10.26021/3379CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Long, C. I. & Lawton, E. B. 1955. Functional significance of spinal cord lesion level. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 36, .Google ScholarPubMed
Moorthy, R. R. & Kandhavadivu, P. 2015. Surface friction characteristics of woven fabrics with nonconventional fibers and their blends. Journal of Textile and Apparel, Technology and Management, 9.Google Scholar
National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center 2018. Spinal cord injury: Facts and Figures at a Glance. The University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.Google Scholar
Institute, Rick Hansen 2018. New Zealand Spinal Cord Injury Registry Annual Summary Report 2016/17.Google Scholar
Rozendaal, L. A., Veeger, H. E. J. & Van Der Woude, L. H. V. 2003. The push force pattern in manual wheelchair propulsion as a balance between cost and effect. Journal of Biomechanics, 36, 239–247.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schanne, F. J. 1972. A Three-Dimensional Hand Force Capability Model for a Seated Person. (Volumes I And II), University of Michigan.Google Scholar
Simpson, L. A., Eng, J. J., Hsieh, J. T. C., Blessing, L. and Wolfe, & The Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Evidence Research Team, D. L. 2012. The Health and Life Priorities of Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review. Journal of Neurotrauma, 29, 1548–1555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/neu.2011.2226CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snoek, G. J., Ijzerman, M. J., Hermens, H. J., Maxwell, D. & Biering-Sorensen, F. 2004. Survey of the needs of patients with spinal cord injury: impact and priority for improvement in hand function in tetraplegics. Spinal Cord, 42, 526–532. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.sc.3101638CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stilwell, G., Symons, D., Gooch, S. & Dunn, J. Measurement of Multidirectional Arm Strength for People in a Seated Position. ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, 2019. V006T09A013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waters, R.L., Adkins, R.H. and Yakura, J.S., 1991. Definition of complete spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord, 29(9), pp. 573–581. https://doi.org/10.1038/sc.1991.85CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed