Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T06:25:07.151Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Between Science and Engineering: Reflections on the APSA Presidential Task Force on Political Science, Electoral Rules, and Democratic Governance

Consequences of Electoral Rules for Patterns of Redistribution and Regulation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2013

John Carey
Affiliation:
Dartmouth College
Simon Hix
Affiliation:
London School of Economics and Political Science

Abstract

Political scientists have contributed to the world of electoral systems as scientists and as engineers. Taking stock of recent scientific research, we show that context modifies the effects of electoral rules on political outcomes in specific and systematic ways. We explore how electoral rules shape the inclusion of women and minorities, the depth and nature of political competition, and patterns of redistribution and regulation, and we consider institutional innovations that could promote political equality. Finally, we describe the diverse ways that political scientists produce an impact on the world by sharing and applying their knowledge of the consequences of electoral rules and global trends in reform.

Type
Symposium: Between Science and Engineering
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Akitoby, Bernardin, and Stratmann, Thomas. 2008. “Fiscal Policy and Financial Markets.” Economic Journal 118(533): 1971–85.Google Scholar
Alesina, Alberto, Glaeser, Edward, and Sacerdote, Bruce. 2001. “Why Doesn't the U.S. Have a European-Style Welfare System?” NBER Working Paper 8524. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.Google Scholar
Amat, Francesc, and Wibbels, Erik. 2009. “Electoral Incentives, Group Identity, and Preferences for Redistribution.” Estudio/Working Paper 2009/246. Madrid: Juan March Institute.Google Scholar
Ames, Barry. 1995. “Electoral Strategy under Open-List Proportional Depresentation.” American Journal of Political Science 39(2): 406–33.Google Scholar
Bagashka, Tanya. 2012. “The Personal Vote and Economic Reform.” Electoral Studies 31: 562–75.Google Scholar
Bawn, Kathleen, and Rosenbluth, Frances. 2006. “Short versus Long Coalitions: Electoral Accountability and the Size of the Public Sector.” American Journal of Political Science 50(2): 251–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernhard, William, and Leblang, David. 1999. “Democratic Institutions and Exchange Rate Commitments.” International Organization 53(1): 7197.Google Scholar
Birchfield, Vicki, and Crepaz, Markus M. L.. 1998. “The Impact of Constitutional Structures and Collective and Competitive Veto Points on Income Inequality in Industrialized Democracies.” European Journal of Political Research 34(2): 175200.Google Scholar
Blume, Lorenz, Müller, Jens, Voigt, Stefan, and Wolf, Carsten. 2009. “The Economic Effects of Constitutions: Replicating—and Extending—Persson and Tabellini.” Public Choice 139(1-2): 197225.Google Scholar
Carey, John M., and Shugart, Matthew S.. 1995. “Incentives to Cultivate a Personal Vote: A Rank Ordering of Electoral Formulas.” Electoral Studies 14(4): 417–39.Google Scholar
Chang, Eric C.C. 2008. “Electoral Incentives and Budgetary Spending: Rethinking the Role of Political Institutions.” Journal of Politics 70(4): 1086–97.Google Scholar
Chang, Eric C.C, Kayser, Mark A., Linzer, Drew A., and Rogowski, Ronald. 2011. Electoral Systems and the Balance of Consumer-Producer Power. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Chang, Eric C.C., and Golden, Miriam. 2007. “Electoral systems, district magnitude and corruption.” British Journal of Political Science 37: 115137.Google Scholar
Chang, Eric C.C., Kayser, Mark A., and Rogowski, Ronald. 2008. “Electoral Systems and Real Prices: Panel Evidence for the OECD Countries, 1970–2000.” British Journal of Political Science 38(4): 739–51.Google Scholar
Crepaz, Markus M.L. 1998. “Inclusion versus Exclusion: Political Institutions and Welfare Expenditures.” Comparative Politics 31(1): 6180.Google Scholar
Crisp, Brian F., Jensen, Nathan M., Rosas, Guillermo, and Zeitzoff, Thomas. 2010. “Vote-Seeking Incentives and Investment Environments: The Need for Credit Claiming and the Provision of Protectionism.” Electoral Studies 29(2): 221–26.Google Scholar
Cusack, Thomas R., Iversen, Torben, and Soskice, David. 2007. “Economic Interests and the Origins of Electoral Systems.” American Political Science Review 101(3): 373–91.Google Scholar
Cusack, Thomas R., Iversen, Torben, and Soskice, David. 2010. “Coevolution of Capitalism and Political Representation: The Choice of Electoral Systems.” American Political Science Review 104(2): 393403.Google Scholar
Dickson, Vaughan. 2009. “Seat-Vote Curves, Loyalty Effects and the Provincial Distribution of Canadian Government Spending.” Public Choice 139(3-4): 317–33.Google Scholar
Ehrlich, Sean D. 2007. “Access to Protection: Domestic Institutions and Trade Policy in Democracies.” International Organization 61(3): 571605.Google Scholar
Eichengreen, Barry, and Leblang, David. 2003. “Exchange Rates and Cohesion: Historical Perspectives and Political-Economy Considerations.” Journal of Common Market Studies 41(5): 797822.Google Scholar
Evans, Carolyn L. 2009. “A Protectionist Bias in Majoritarian Politics: An Empirical Investigation.” Economics and Politics 21(2): 278307.Google Scholar
Fabrizio, Stefania, and Mody, Ashoka. 2006. “Can Budget Institutions Counteract Political Indiscipline?Economic Policy 21(48): 689739.Google Scholar
Funk, Patricia, and Gathmann, Christina. 2010. “How Do Electoral Systems Affect Fiscal Policy? Evidence from State and Local Governments, 1890 to 2005.” CESifo Working Paper 2958, Center for Economic Studies, Munich.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gagliarducci, Stefano, Nannicini, Tommaso, and Naticchioni, Paolo. 2011. “Electoral Rules and Politicians' Behavior: A Micro Test.” American Economic Journal-Economic Policy 3(3): 144–74.Google Scholar
Golden, Miriam A., and Picci, Lucio. 2008. “Pork-Barrel Politics in Postwar Italy, 1953–94.” American Journal of Political Science 52(2): 268–89.Google Scholar
Grilli, Vittorio, Masciandaro, Donato, Tabellini, Guido, Malinvaud, Edmond, and Pagano, Marco. 1991. “Political and Monetary Institutions and Public Financial Policies in the Industrial Countries.” Economic Policy 6(13): 341–92.Google Scholar
Hallerberg, Mark, and Marier, Patrik. 2004. “Executive Authority, the Personal Vote, and Budget Discipline in Latin American and Caribbean Countries.” American Journal of Political Science 48(3): 571–87.Google Scholar
Hankla, Charles R. 2006. “Party Strength and International Trade: A Cross-National Analysis.” Comparative Political Studies 39(9): 1133–56.Google Scholar
Huber, John D., and Powell, G. Bingham Jr. 1994. “Congruence between Citizens and Policymakers in Two Visions of Liberal Democracy.” World Politics 46: 291326.Google Scholar
Iversen, Torben, and Soskice, David. 2006. “Electoral Institutions and the Politics of Coalitions: Why Some Democracies Redistribute More Than Others.” American Political Science Review 100(2): 165–81.Google Scholar
Iversen, Torben, and Soskice, David. 2009. “Distribution and Redistribution: The Shadow of the Nineteenth Century.” World Politics 61(3): 438–86.Google Scholar
Iversen, Torben, and Soskice, David. 2010. “Real Exchange Rates and Competitiveness: The Political Economy of Skill Formation, Wage Compression, and Electoral Systems.” American Political Science Review 104(3): 601–23.Google Scholar
Kang, Shin-Goo, and Powell, G. Bingham Jr. 2010. “Representation and Policy Responsiveness: The Median Voter, Election Rules, and Redistributive Welfare Spending.” Journal of Politics 72(4): 1014–28.Google Scholar
Kim, Dong-Hun. 2010. “Making or Breaking a Deal: The Impact of Electoral Systems on Mergers and Acquisitions.” Kyklos 63(3): 432–49.Google Scholar
Kono, Daniel Yuichi. 2009. “Market Structure, Electoral Institutions, and Trade Policy.” International Studies Quarterly 53(4): 885906.Google Scholar
Linzer, Drew A., and Rogowski, Ronald L.. 2008. “Lower Prices: The Impact of Majoritarian Systems in Democracies around the World.” Journal of Politics 70(1): 1727.Google Scholar
McGillivray, Fiona. 1997. “Party Discipline as a Determinant of the Endogenous Formation of Tariffs.” American Journal of Political Science 41(2): 584607.Google Scholar
McGillivray, Fiona. 2003. “Redistributive Politics and Stock Price Dispersion.” British Journal of Political Science 33(3): 367–95.Google Scholar
Milesi-Ferretti, Gian Maria, Perotti, Roberto, and Rostagno, Massimo. 2002. “Electoral Systems and Public Spending.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 117(2): 609–57.Google Scholar
Naoi, Megumi, and Krauss, Ellis. 2009. “Who Lobbies Whom? Special Interest Politics under Alternative Electoral System.” American Journal of Political Science 53(4): 874–92.Google Scholar
Neugart, Michael. 2005. “Unemployment Insurance: The Role of Electoral Systems and Regional Labour Markets.” European Journal of Political Economy 21(4): 815–29.Google Scholar
Park, Jong Hee, and Jensen, Nathan. 2007. “Electoral Competition and Agricultural Support in OECD Countries.” American Journal of Political Science 51(2): 314–29.Google Scholar
Persson, Torsten. 2002. “Do Political Institutions Shape Economic Policy?Econometrica 70(3): 883905.Google Scholar
Persson, Torsten, Roland, Gerard, and Tabellini, Guido. 2007. “Electoral Rules and Government Spending in Parliamentary Democracies.” Quarterly Journal of Political Science 2(2): 155–88.Google Scholar
Persson, Torsten, and Tabellini, Guido. 1999. “The Size and Scope of Government: Comparative Politics with Rational Politicians.” European Economic Review 43(4-6): 699735.Google Scholar
Persson, Torsten, and Tabellini, Guido. 2003. The Economic Effects of Constitutions. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Powell, G.B., and Vanberg, Georg. 2000. “Election Laws, Disproportionality, and Median Correspondence: Implications for Two Visions of Democracy.” British Journal of Political Science 30(3): 383411.Google Scholar
Rickard, Stephanie J. 2009. “Strategic Targeting: The Effect of Institutions and Interests on Distributive Transfers.” Comparative Political Studies 42(5): 670–95.Google Scholar
Rickard, Stephanie J. 2010. “Democratic Differences: Electoral Institutions and Compliance with GATT/WTO Agreements.” European Journal of International Relations 16(4): 711–29.Google Scholar
Rickard, Stephanie J. 2012a. “A Non-Tariff Protectionist Bias in Majoritarian Politics: Government Subsidies and Electoral Institutions.” International Studies Quarterly 56(4): 777–85.Google Scholar
Roelfsema, Hein. 2004. “Political Institutions and Trade Protection.” Discussion Paper 04–06, Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute, Utrecht.Google Scholar
Rogowski, Ronald, and Kayser, Mark Andreas. 2002. “Majoritarian Electoral Systems and Consumer Power: Price-Level Evidence from the OECD Countries.” American Journal of Political Science 46(3): 526–39.Google Scholar
Scartascini, Carlos G., and Crain, W. Mark. 2002. “The size and composition of government spending in multi-party systems.” Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1353462 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1353462Google Scholar
Stein, Ernesto, Talvi, Ernesto, and Grisanti, Alejandro. 1998. “Institutional Arrangements and Fiscla Performance: The Latin American Experience.” NBER Working Paper 6358 (January 1998).Google Scholar
Thames, Frank C., and Edwards, Martin S.. 2006. “Differentiating Mixed-Member Electoral Systems.” Comparative Political Studies 39(7): 905–27.Google Scholar
Verardi, Vincenzo. 2005. “Electoral systems and income inequality.” Economic Letters 86: 712.Google Scholar
Vernby, Kare. 2007. “Strikes Are More Common in Countries with Majoritarian Electoral Systems.” Public Choice 132(1-2): 6584.Google Scholar
Woo, Jaejoon. 2003. “Economic, political, and institutional determinants of public deficits.” Journal of Public Economics 87: 387426.Google Scholar
Wright, Joseph. 2010. “Aid Effectiveness and the Politics of Personalism.” Comparative Political Studies 43(6): 735–62.Google Scholar