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Population dynamics of genetically diverse Plasmodium falciparum lineages: community-based prospective study in rural Amazonia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 July 2009

P. ORJUELA-SÁNCHEZ ,
M. DA SILVA-NUNES ,
N. S. DA SILVA ,
K. K. G. SCOPEL ,
R. M. GONÇALVES ,
R. S. MALAFRONTE  and
M. U. FERREIRA
P. ORJUELA-SÁNCHEZ
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil
M. DA SILVA-NUNES
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil
N. S. DA SILVA
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil
K. K. G. SCOPEL
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil
R. M. GONÇALVES
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil
R. S. MALAFRONTE
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
M. U. FERREIRA*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1374, 05508-900 São Paulo, Brazil. Tel: +55 11 30917746. Fax: +55 11 30917417. E-mail: [email protected]
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Summary

Temporal changes in the prevalence of antigenic variants in Plasmodium falciparum populations have been interpreted as evidence of immune-mediated frequency-dependent selection, but evolutively neutral processes may generate similar patterns of serotype replacement. Over 4 years, we investigated the population dynamics of P. falciparum polymorphisms at the community level by using 11 putatively neutral microsatellite markers. Plasmodium falciparum populations were less diverse than sympatric P. vivax isolates, with less multiple-clone infections, lower number of alleles per locus and lower virtual heterozygosity, but both species showed significant multilocus linkage disequilibrium. Evolutively neutral P. falciparum polymorphisms showed a high turnover rate, with few lineages persisting for several months in the population. Similar results had previously been obtained, in the same community, for sympatric P. vivax isolates. In contrast, the prevalence of the 2 dimorphic types of a major antigen, MSP-2, remained remarkably stable throughout the study period. We suggest that the relatively fast turnover of parasite lineages represents the typical population dynamics of neutral polymorphisms in small populations, with clear implications for the detection of frequency-dependent selection of polymorphisms.

Keywords

Plasmodium falciparumpopulation dynamicspolymorphismparasite lineages
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 136 , Issue 10 , September 2009 , pp. 1097 - 1105
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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