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Circulating antigen levels in serum of cattle naturally infected with Schistosoma mattheei

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

J. De Bont ,
L. Van Lieshout ,
A. M. Deelder ,
M. T. Ysebaert  and
J. Vercruysse
J. De Bont
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Studies, Samara Machel School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia
L. Van Lieshout
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, Medical Faculty, State University of Leiden, Wassenaarseweg 62, Leiden, The Netherlands
A. M. Deelder
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, Medical Faculty, State University of Leiden, Wassenaarseweg 62, Leiden, The Netherlands
M. T. Ysebaert
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Biochemistry & Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gent, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
J. Vercruysse*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gent, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
*
*Corresponding author.
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Summary

Levels of 2 Schistosoma circulating antigens, the circulating anodic antigen (CAA) and the circulating cathodic antigen (CCA), were determined in serum samples collected, on a monthly basis over a period of 1·5 years, from 32 farm animals of different ages and from 12 tracer calves exposed to Schistosoma mattheei infection on a Zambian farm. Faecal egg counts were monitored in all animals and worm burdens in tracers determined after perfusion. Antigen determination tests in serum, with sensitivities between 95 and 100% in heifers and adult cows, proved to be excellent tools for the diagnosis of cattle schistosomiasis. Also in young calves, some infections could be demonstrated earlier by CCA determination than by faecal egg examination. A poor correlation was seen between the data for faecal egg counts and for CAA and CCA levels. It therefore appears that circulating antigen measurements in serum are of limited value as indicators of the pathogenesis of infection in cattle. Although all tracer calves were found infected at perfusion, large variations were recorded in antigen levels. An unexpected finding was the observation in farm animals of a clear seasonal pattern in CAA levels, with significant increase between August and October during the second half of the dry season, when animals are subjected to heavy physical and nutritional stress. It therefore appears that, although circulating antigen determination may provide an indication of the worm burden in ageing infections, possible variations of antigen clearance rate with the physiological condition of the host may complicate the interpretation of the results.

Keywords

circulating antigensSchistosoma mattheeicattle
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 113 , Issue 5 , November 1996 , pp. 465 - 471
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

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