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Characterization of acid phosphatases from marine scuticociliate parasites and their activation by host's factors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 April 2011

I. SALINAS ,
E. W. MAAS  and
P. MUÑOZ
I. SALINAS*
Affiliation:
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd, Private Bag 14-901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand
E. W. MAAS
Affiliation:
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd, Private Bag 14-901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand
P. MUÑOZ
Affiliation:
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
*
*Corresponding author: National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd, Private Bag 14-901, Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand. Tel: +64 4 3860 535. Fax: +64 4 3860 574. E-mail: [email protected]
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Summary

Scuticociliates are histophagous marine parasites that cause mortality in fish. Acid phosphatases (AcPs) are considered virulence factors and they are used by different parasites to dephosphorylate host molecules. The aim of this work was to characterize the AcPs from 3 scuticociliate species, Uronema marinum, Miamiensis avidus and Parauronema virginianum, which parasitize marine finfish species. We identified AcP activity (pH 5·2) with differential cellular distribution in the 3 parasite species. Native gel electrophoresis of ciliate lysates revealed the presence of 1 high molecular weight AcP activity band in M. avidus (tartrate-sensitive), several low molecular weight AcPs in U. marinum and 1 low molecular weight band only in P. virginianum (tartrate-resistant). Scuticociliate AcP was inhibited by specific inhibitors of tyrosine protein phosphatases. AcP decreased upon starvation but rapid reactivation occurred following exposure to skin mucus. Groper (Polyprion oxygeneios) peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs) and, to a lesser extent, red blood cells, also increased AcP activity. Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1b was primarily detected in the plasma membrane of M. avidus and ingestion of groper PBLs upregulated its expression. M. avidus recovered from experimentally infected groper had greater levels of PTP1b expression than the injected suspension. The present results highlight the importance of PTPs in histophagous parasites and their interaction with fish host's factors.

Keywords

scuticociliate parasitesacid phosphatasesprotein-tyrosine phosphatasesPTP1bhost-pathogen interactions
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 138 , Issue 7 , June 2011 , pp. 836 - 847
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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