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Non-homogenized ITS regions in the parasitic nematode Cooperia oncophora

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 August 2004

T. H. M. MES  and
A. W. C. A. CORNELISSEN
T. H. M. MES
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, PO Box 80165, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
A. W. C. A. CORNELISSEN
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, PO Box 80165, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Abstract

Here, the validity of the assumption of concerted evolution of ribosomal regions in larval and adult Cooperia oncophora was assessed. In each of 4 individuals of this parasitic nematode, at least 78% of the sequences comprised different ITS variantsNucleotide sequence data are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the Accession numbers AJ544390–AJ544465.. This implies that concerted evolution is not acting, which is corroborated by the scarcity of signatures of gene conversion and recombination. Mis-incorporation of nucleotides and illegitimate PCR-induced recombination turned out to be unlikely, and positions with substantial frequencies of alternative nucleotides corresponded to ambiguous positions in published ITS2 sequences of this and other Cooperia species based on direct sequencing. The ITS regions of each individual C. oncophora displayed a significant excess of unique mutations in agreement with expansion of the ribosomal gene family. Interesting corollaries of the inferred size changes of this gene family are genomic rearrangements that occur during larval development such as multiple rounds of endoduplication (in Rhabditidae), chromatin diminution (in Ascaris), and non-compensatory mutations on the secondary structure of the ITS2. It is yet unknown which process is important in trichostrongylids. Finally, although it can not be rigorously assessed in Cooperia, the ITS polymorphisms can readily be envisioned to affect phylogenetic reconstructions of closely related nematodes.

Keywords

Cooperia oncophoraribosomalevolutionrecombinationgene conversion
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 129 , Issue 2 , August 2004 , pp. 213 - 222
Copyright
2004 Cambridge University Press

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