Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T01:06:50.105Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of host habitat quality on the viability of Cryptocotyle lingua (Trematoda: Digenea) cercariae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2004

M. A. CROSS ,
S. W. B. IRWIN  and
S. M. FITZPATRICK
M. A. CROSS
Affiliation:
School of Biological Sciences, The University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB
S. W. B. IRWIN
Affiliation:
School of Environmental Studies, The University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Co. Antrim BT37 0QB
S. M. FITZPATRICK
Affiliation:
Game, Wildlife and Countryside Management, Sparsholt College Hampshire, Sparsholt, Winchester SO21 2NF
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In an earlier study it was shown that Cryptocotyle lingua cercariae, matured in Littorina littorea from a polluted marine lagoon, displayed slower horizontal swimming rates, and reduced longevity compared to cercariae released by periwinkles from a cleaner environment. This work investigated whether the pollution-induced reduction in swimming rates was due to an inefficient swimming action or the adoption of a less direct swimming path. In addition, cercariae from L. littorea that had been transferred from an ‘unpolluted’ to a ‘polluted’ site for 1 month provided information on the speed with which pollutants affect cercariae through their intermediate hosts. Results indicated that, in general, horizontal swimming rates were reduced due to slower swimming rather than disorientation and longer swimming pathways. Effects of host transplantation to a polluted site were clearly evident after 1 month. Evidence suggested that the pollutants accumulated by the cercariae via their first intermediate host affected the neuromusculature associated with swimming performance rather than sensory structures. Bearing in mind the reduced viability of C. lingua cercariae in polluted sites it is assumed that high prevalence of this digenean in gastropods (at such sites) must be due to their continual introduction by infected birds attracted to these habitats from other areas.

Keywords

marine contaminationCryptocotyle linguatrematodecercariaebehaviour
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 130 , Issue 2 , February 2005 , pp. 195 - 201
Copyright
© 2005 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

BADEN, S. P. & NEIL, D. M. ( 1998). Accumulation of manganese in the haemolymph, nerve and muscle tissue of Nephrops norvegicus (L.) and its effect on neuromuscular performance. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology a-Molecular and Integrative Physiology 119, 351–359.Google Scholar
CHAPMAN, H. D. & WILSON, R. A. ( 1973). Propulsion of cercariae of Himasthla secunda (Nicoll) and Cryptocotyle lingua. Parasitology 67, 1–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CROSS, M. A., IRWIN, S. W. B. & FITZPATRICK, S. M. ( 2001). Effects of heavy metal pollution on swimming and longevity in cercariae of Cryptocotyle lingua (Digenea: Heterophyidae). Parasitology 123, 499–507.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CROSS, M. A., IRWIN, S. W. B., FITZPATRICK, S. & MANGA, N. ( 2003). Trematode parasite influence on copper, iron and zinc content of polluted Littorina littorea: infection, host sex and time effects. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK 83, 1269–1272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
EVANS, D. W., IRWIN, S. W. B. & FITZPATRICK, S. M. ( 2001). The effect of digenean (Platyhelminthes) infections on heavy metal concentrations in Littorina littorea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK 81, 349–350.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
EVANS, N. A. ( 1982). Effect of copper and zinc upon the survival and infectivity of Echinoparyphium recurvatum cercariae. Parasitology 85, 295–303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HSU, H. H. ( 1986). The uptake and distribution of radioselenium in the larvae of Fasciola hepatica and its snail host Lymnaea columella. Veterinary Parasitology 21, 233–245.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HUGHES, J. M., CHAPMAN, H. F. & KITCHING, R. L. ( 1987). Effects of sublethal concentrations of copper and fresh-water on behaviour in an estuarine gastropod Polinices sordidus. Marine Pollution Bulletin 18, 127–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
KRIST, A. C., JOKELA, J., WIEHN, J. & LIVELY, C. M. ( 2004). Effects of host condition on susceptibility to infection, parasite developmental rate, and parasite transmission in a snail-trematode interaction. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 17, 33–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LAFFERTY, K. D. ( 1997). Environmental parasitology: What can parasites tell us about human impacts on the environment? Parasitology Today 13, 251–255.Google Scholar
MORLEY, N. J., CRANE, M. & LEWIS, J. W. ( 2001). Toxicity of cadmium and zinc to Diplostomum spathaceum (Trematoda: Diplostomidae) cercarial survival. International Journal for Parasitology 31, 1211–1217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MORLEY, N. J., CRANE, M. & LEWIS, J. W. ( 2003 b). Toxicity of cadmium and zinc on orientation behaviour of Echinoparyphium recurvatum (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) cercariae. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 56, 89–92.Google Scholar
MORLEY, N. J., CRANE, M. & LEWIS, J. W. ( 2003 c). Toxicity of cadmium and zinc to the cercarial activity of Diplostomum spathaceum (Trematoda: Diplostomidae). Folia Parasitologica 50, 57–60.Google Scholar
MORLEY, N. J., IRWIN, S. W. B. & LEWIS, J. W. ( 2003 a). Pollution toxicity to the transmission of larval digeneans through their molluscan hosts. Parasitology 126, S5–S26.Google Scholar
PIETROCK, M. & MARCOGLIESE, D. J. ( 2003). Free-living endohelminth stages: at the mercy of environmental conditions. Trends in Parasitology 19, 293–299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
REA, J. G. & IRWIN, S. W. B. ( 1991). Behavioural responses of the cercariae of Cryptocotyle lingua (Digenea: Heterophyidae) to computer controlled shadow sequences. Parasitology 103, 471–477.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
REA, J. G. & IRWIN, S. W. B. ( 1992). The effects of age, temperature, light quantity and wavelength on the swimming behaviour of the cercariae of Cryptocotyle lingua (Digenea: Heterophyidae). Parasitology 105, 131–137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
REES, F. G. ( 1975). Studies on pigmented and unpigmented photoreceptors of cercaria of Cryptocotyle lingua (Creplin) from Littorina littorea (L.). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 188, 121–138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SIDDALL, R. & des CLERS, S. ( 1994). Effect of sewage sludge on the miracidium and cercaria of Zoogonoides viviparus (Trematoda: Digenea). Helminthologia 31, 143–153.Google Scholar
SURES, B. ( 2004). Environmental parasitology: relevancy of parasites in monitoring environmental pollution. Trends in Parasitology 20, 170–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
WILLIAMS, H. H. & MACKENZIE, K. ( 2003). Marine parasites as pollution indicators: an update. Parasitology 126, S27–S41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar