Let q be a positive integer, and L(s, χ) the Dirichlet L-function corresponding to a Dirichlet character χ mod q. We put

where χ runs over all Dirichlet characters mod q except for the principal character χ0.

Let k be a totally real algebraic number field, the maximal order of k, and let L (resp. M) be a Z-lattice of a positive definite quadratic space U (resp. V) over the field Q of rational numbers. Suppose that there is an isometry σ from L onto M. We have shown that the assumption implies σ(L) = M in some cases in [2]. Our aim in this paper is to improve the results of [2]. In § 1 we introduce the notion of E-type: Let L be a positive definite quadratic lattice over Z.

We study powers of binomial edge ideals associated with closed and block graphs.

Le but principal de cette note est de démontrer les Théorème 4.2 et 6.1. Pour l’effectuer nous utiliserons la méthode de développement par les fonctions propres cf. [6]. Nous ne utilisons pas la méthode de la régularisation elliptique, mais les résultats de Baouendi [1] sont essentiels.

A formulation of the differentiability of the product function of a locally compact group at the identity may be given in the following way: In a sufficiently small euclidean neighborhood of the identity product satisfies the condition:

This is the first in a series of papers concerned with a relation between a representation in the polynomial ring of additive groups and its translation invariant operators. The present study is to observe several properties of a polynomial sequence pa(x) satisfying the binomial identity:

by means of some translation invariant operators.

In the space of degree d polynomials, the hypersurfaces defined by the existence of a cycle of period n and multiplier eiθ are known to be contained in the bifurcation locus. We prove that these hypersurfaces equidistribute the bifurcation current. This is a new result, even for the space of quadratic polynomials.

Let E be a totally-disconnected compact set in the z-plane and let Ω be its complement with respect to the extended z-plane. Then Ω is a domain and we can consider a single-valued meromorphic function w = f(z) on Ω which has a transcendental singularity at each point of E. Suppose that E is a null-set of the class W in the sense of Kametani [4] (the class NB in the sense of Ahlfors and Beurling [1]). Then the cluster set of f(z) at each transcendental singularity is the whole w-plane, and hence f(z) has an essential singularity at each point of E. We shall say that a value w is exceptional for f(z) at an essential singularity ζ ∈ E if there exists a neighborhood of ζ where the function f(z) does not take this value w.

Let V be a complex vector space of dimension l. Let S be the C-algebra of polynomial functions on V. Let Ders be the S-module of derivations of S and let Ωs = Homs (Ders, S) be the dual S-module of differential 1-forms. Let {ei} be a basis for V and let {xi} be the dual basis for V. Then {Di = ∂/∂xi and {dxi} are bases for Ders and Ωs as S-modules. If f ∈ S, define a map Hess (f): Ders → Ωs by

Then Hess (f) is an S-module homomorphism which does not depend on the choice of basis for V.

The present notes provide a proof of i* (ℂP + ℂ(I - P); ℂQ + ℂ(I - Q)) = – χorb(P,Q) for any pair of projections P,Q with τ(P) = τ(Q) = 1/2. The proof includes new extra observations, such as a subordination result in terms of Loewner equations. A study of the general case is also given.

We continue to study l-adic iterated integrals introduced in the first part. We shall calculate explicitly l-adic logarithm and l-adic polylogarithms. Next we shall use these results to study Galois representations on the fundamental group of .

In this paper, we prove that every proper holomorphic self-map of a smoothly bounded pseudoconvex circular or Hartogs domain of finite type in C2 is biholomorphic.

Weyl algebra is an associative algebra generated by two elements â and a over R such that the generating relation is given by

âa — aâ = 1,

which is isomorphic to the algebra of differential operators

We introduce the notion of exact tilting objects, which are partial tilting objects $T$ inducing an equivalence between the abelian category generated by $T$ and the category of modules over the endomorphism algebra of $T$. Given a chain of sufficiently negative rational curves on a rational surface, we construct an exceptional sequence whose universal extension is an exact tilting object. For a chain of $(-2)$-curves, we obtain an equivalence with modules over a well-known algebra.

In our recent papers [3, 4, 5], we defined some new D-invariants for any square-free positive integer D and considered their properties and interrelations among them. Especially, as an application of it, we discussed in [5] the characterization of real quadratic field Q() of so-called Richaud-Degert type in terms of these new D-invariants.

In this paper we study the ideal boundaries of surfaces admitting total curvature as a continuation of [Sy2] and [Sy3]. The ideal boundary of an Hadamard manifold is defined to be the equivalence classes of rays. This equivalence relation is the asymptotic relation of rays, defined by Busemann [Bu]. The asymptotic relation is not symmetric in general. However in Hadamard manifolds this becomes symmetric. Here it is essential that the manifolds are focal point free.

A generalized number operator and a generalized Gross Laplacian are introduced on the basis of white noise distribution theory. The equicontinuity is examined and associated one-parameter transformation groups are constructed. An infinite dimensional analogue of ax + b group and Cauchy problems on white noise space are discussed.

Let Rd be the d-dimensional Euclidean space where each point is expressed by a column vector. Let | x | and ‹x, y› denote the norm and the inner product in Rd. Let Q = (Qjk) be a real d × d-matrix of which all eigenvalues have positive real parts. Let X be a process of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type (OU type process) on Rd associated with a Levy process {Z: t ≥ 0} and the matrix Q. Main purpose of this paper is to give a recurrence-transience criterion for the process X when Q is a Jordan cell matrix and to compare it with the case when Q is diagonalizable. Here by a Levy process we mean a stochastically continuous process with stationary independent increments, starting at 0.

We denote by Z+ the semi-group of positive integers. For a subset E of Z+, we denote by |E| (≦ + ∞) its cardinal number and by E(n) the intersection of E and an interval [1, n) (n ≧ 1). We shall identify a subset E of Z+ with a sequence, arranging elements of E according to their order.

A technique is given for detecting deterministic dynamics in time series. Some stochastic difference equations, called KM2O-Langevin equations, are extracted directly from given data. We can find deterministic dynamics in time series by evaluating the magnitude of innovation part of the KM2O-Langevin equations. We can further find chaotic dynamics in time series by predicting it from the viewpoint of the theory of KM2O-Langevin equations.

We apply our method to the data of measles and chicken pox, which are also treated by G. Sugihara and R.M. May in [1]. The result of numerical experiments indicates that there seem to exist some deterministic dynamics in both time series. It also suggests, however, that the data of measles seems to be chaotic while that of chicken pox not, which corresponds to the result of G. Sugihara and R.M. May.