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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 22 January 2016
Problems concerning the sum of two fourth powers of integers seem to be so difficult that little has been known since long years [3]. For instance, it is an important problem to determine whether there are infinitely many prime numbers which are represented in the form p = a4+b4. But nothing is known except that the density of such prime numbers is easily proved to be 0; accordingly it is difficult to obtain a necessary and sufficient condition under which p is represented in such a form.