Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T05:58:31.187Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Cationic Cellulose Nanocrystals: Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxicity Studies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 May 2015

Rajesh Sunasee ,
Usha D. Hemraz ,
Karina Ckless ,
James S. Burdick  and
Yaman Boluk
Rajesh Sunasee*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Plattsburgh, NY 12901, USA.
Usha D. Hemraz
Affiliation:
National Institute for Nanotechnology of National Research Council of Canada, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2M9, Canada
Karina Ckless
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Plattsburgh, NY 12901, USA.
James S. Burdick
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Plattsburgh, NY 12901, USA.
Yaman Boluk
Affiliation:
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2W2, Canada.
*
*Corresponding author; Email: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have emerged as a new class of renewable material for various applications due to their remarkable properties and commercialization prospect. The relative low density, expected low cost, non-toxic character, uniform nanosize distribution, high aspect ratios, high surface area, thermal properties and high modulus of elasticity make CNCs attractive nanomaterials that recently prompted the industrial production of CNCs in North America. Surface functionalization of CNCs continues to be an exciting area of research for the design of novel CNC-based materials. In this work, we report the synthesis, characterization and cytotoxicity studies of novel cationic surface modified CNC derivatives. The negative surface of CNC was rendered positive after grafting with cationic polymers via surface-initiated living radical polymerization method. The modified CNCs were characterized by both spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Their cytotoxicity effects were evaluated using MTT assay in two cell lines such as mouse macrophages (J774.A1) and human breast cancer (MCF7). Preliminary studies indicated that only one of the modified CNCs caused significant decrease in J774.A1 cell viability (50%), at the highest concentration tested (100 µg/mL). However this concentration is well above of what would be applicable for biomedical purposes. MCF7 cells were not affected by any of the cationic CNCs at any concentration. A detailed cytotoxicity study is currently underway to fully understand the interaction of these cationic CNCs with the biological systems for possible bio-inspired applications.

Keywords

biomaterialchemical synthesisscanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 1718: Symposium B – Multifunctional Polymeric and Hybrid Materials , 2015 , pp. 91 - 96
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Habibi, Y., Lucia, L. A. and Rojas, O. J., Chem. Rev. 110, 3479 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klemm, D., Kramer, F., Moritz, S., Lindström, T., Ankerfors, M., Gray, D. and Dorris, A., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50, 5438 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peng, B. L., Dhar, N., Liu, H. L. and Tam, K. C., Can. J. Chem. Eng. 89, 1191 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Habibi, Y., Chem. Soc. Rev. 43, 1519 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eyley, S. and Thielemans, W., Nanoscale 6, 7764 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hemraz, U. D. and Sunasee, R., Functionalization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose Surfaces: In Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lyshevski (Ed.), Third Edition, CRC Press, 2014, Vol. II.Google Scholar
Hemraz, U. D., Boluk, Y. and Sunasee, R., Can. J. Chem. 91, 974 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hasani, M., Cranston, E. D., Westman, G. and Gray, D. G., Soft Matter 4, 2238 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zaman, M., Xiao, H., Chibante, F. and Ni, Y., Carbohydr. Polym. 89, 163 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eyley, S. and Thielemans, W., Chem. Commun. 47, 4177 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jasmani, L., Eyley, S., Wallbridge, R. and Thielemans, W., Nanoscale 5, 10207 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosilo, H., McKee, J. R., Konturri, E., Koho, T., Hytonen, V. P., Ikkala, O. and Kostiainen, M. A., Nanoscale, 6, 11871 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boluk, Y., Lahiji, R., Zhao, L. and McDermott, M. T., Colloid Surf. A 377, 297 (2011).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deng, Z., Bouchekif, H., Babooram, K., Housni, A., Choytun, N. and Narain, R., J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. 46, 4984 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hemraz, U. D., Lu, A., Sunasee, R. and Boluk, Y., J. Colloid Interface Sci. 430, 157 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zoppe, J. O., Habibi, Y., Rojas, O. J., Venditti, R. A., Johansson, L. S., Efimenko, K., Osterberg, M. and Laine, J., Biomacromolecules 11, 2683 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tang, J., Li, M. F., Zhang, W., Zhao, B., Berry, R. M. and Tam, K.C., Biomacromolecules, 15, 3052 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar