Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T15:21:46.188Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Altering Surface Charge of Silica Nanoparticles through Co-condensation of Choline Chloride and Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2016

Austin W.H. Lee ,
Sameera Toenjes  and
Byron D. Gates
Austin W.H. Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
Sameera Toenjes
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
Byron D. Gates*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
*
*(Email: [email protected])
Get access

Abstract

We demonstrate an alternative route to synthesize functionalized silica nanoparticles through incorporation of alcohol compounds in the Stöber process. The Stöber process has been widely utilized for the synthesis of silica nanoparticles due to its simplicity and reliability. Silane based compounds have been incorporated in this process in order to tailor surface properties of the silica nanoparticles. These compounds do, however, have limitations in their utility due to side reactions with water and intermolecular polymerization. In this article, we report the incorporation of alcohol based reagents in the Stöber process as an alternative means of synthesis and functionalization of silica nanoparticles. In particular, choline chloride was chosen as an exemplary alcohol to be incorporated in the process for tuning overall surface charge of the silica nanoparticles. These silica nanoparticles with incorporated choline chloride were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), zeta potential measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in comparison with silica nanoparticles synthesized from the traditional Stöber process. While the size and shape of the nanoparticles exhibited little difference between the two synthetic routes, the zeta potential of the choline chloride incorporated nanoparticle was ∼10 mV higher than that of the traditional silica nanoparticles. Composition of the choline chloride containing silica nanoparticles was verified by XPS with the observation of strong N1s and C1s signals. The methods introduced in this article could be expanded to incorporate a range of alcohol containing compounds including choline chloride for the synthesis of silica nanoparticles with a tuned surface chemistry.

Keywords

colloidsol-gelsurface chemistry
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Advances , Volume 1 , Issue 29: Soft Materials and Biomaterials , 2016 , pp. 2115 - 2123
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Singh, L.P., Bhattacharyya, S.K., Kumar, R., Mishra, G., Sharma, U., Singh, G. and Ahalawat, S., Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 214, 17 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qhobosheane, M., Santra, S., Zhanga, P. and Tan, W., Analyst 126, 1274 (2001).Google Scholar
An, Y., Chen, M., Xue, Q. and Liu, W., J. Colloid Interface Sci. 311, 507 (2007).Google Scholar
Wang, K., He, X., Yang, X. and Shi, H., Acc. Chem. Res. 46, 1367 (2013).Google Scholar
Tang, L. and Cheng, J., Nano Today 8, 290 (2013).Google Scholar
Stöber, W. and Fink, A., J. Colloid Interface Sci. 26, 62 (1968).Google Scholar
Carpenter, A.W., Worley, B.V., Slomberg, D.L. and Schoenfisch, M.H., Biomacromolecules 13, 3334 (2012).Google Scholar
Vossen, D.L.J., Dood, M.J.A.d., Dillen, T.v., Zijlstra, T., van der Drift, E., Polman, A. and van Blaaderen, A., Adv. Mater. 12, 1434 (2000).Google Scholar
Dion, M., Rapp, M., Rorrer, N., Shin, D.H., Martin, S.M. and Ducker, W.A., Colloids Surf., A 362, 65 (2010).Google Scholar
Abbate, V., Brandstadt, K.F., Taylor, P.G. and Bassindale, A.R., Catalysts 3, 27 (2013).Google Scholar
Hulteen, J.C., Treichel, D.A., Smith, M.T., Duval, M.L., Jensen, T.R. and Van Duyne, R.P. J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 3854 (1999).Google Scholar
Pekcevik, I.C., Poon, L.C.H., Wang, M.C.P. and Gates, B.D., Anal. Chem. 85, 9960 (2013).Google Scholar
Vikkisk, M., Kruusenberg, I., Ratso, S., Joost, U., Shulga, E., Kink, I., Rauwel, P. and Tammeveski, K., RSC Adv. 5, 59495 (2015).Google Scholar
Zheng, Z., Schenderlein, M., Huang, X., Brownbill, N.J., Blanc, F. and Shchukin, D., ACS App. Mater. Interfaces 7, 22756 (2015).Google Scholar