Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T06:25:02.677Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) on Geological Samples: Compositional Differentiation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 April 2018

S.N. Panya panya ,
A.H. Galmed ,
M. Maaza ,
B.M. Mothudi ,
M. A. Harith  and
J. Kennedy
S.N. Panya panya*
Affiliation:
UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, P O BOX 392, Pretoria, South Africa Materials Research Division (MRD), NRF- iThemba LABS, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, 7129, Cape Town, South Africa
A.H. Galmed
Affiliation:
UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, P O BOX 392, Pretoria, South Africa Materials Research Division (MRD), NRF- iThemba LABS, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, 7129, Cape Town, South Africa National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Cairo University, Cairo University, 1 Gamaa street, Giza, Egypt.
M. Maaza
Affiliation:
UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience-Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, P O BOX 392, Pretoria, South Africa Materials Research Division (MRD), NRF- iThemba LABS, 1 Old Faure Road, Somerset West, 7129, Cape Town, South Africa
B.M. Mothudi
Affiliation:
Physics Department, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, P O BOX 392, Pretoria, South Africa
M. A. Harith
Affiliation:
National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Cairo University, Cairo University, 1 Gamaa street, Giza, Egypt.
J. Kennedy
Affiliation:
National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, 30 Gracefield Road, P O BOX 31312, Lower Hutt, 5010, New Zealand
*
*Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

LIBS is a developing analytical technique, which is used to perform qualitative and semi-quantitative elemental analysis of materials (solid, liquid and gas). Recently LIBS became an attractive technique to be used for geological samples, due to its advantages such as fast data collection and the lack of sample preparation. This study is done to improve analytical methods for geochemical analysis of samples during different exploration phases (Mining, filed analysis, etc.), to be used in the future as a real-time analysis method to save money and time spent in labs. In this work, LIBS has been used to differentiate between some geological samples gathered from different areas: South Africa and Namibia. Using principal component analysis (PCA), it was found that LIBS was able to differentiate between the samples even those of the same area. The results from the LIBS technique were correlated with subsequent analysis of the same samples by Particle-Induced X-ray emission (PIXE).

Keywords

geologiclaser-induced reactionspectroscopylaser ablation
Type
Articles
Information
MRS Advances , Volume 3 , Issue 34-35: African Materials Research Society 2017 , 2018 , pp. 1969 - 1983
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Diaz Pace, D. M., Gabriele, N., Garcimuno, M., D’Angelo, C. and Bertuccelli, D., “Analysis of Minerals and Rocks by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy,” Spectroscopy Letters, pp. 399–411, 2011.Google Scholar
Harmon, R., De Lucia, F., McManus, C., McMillan, N., Jenkins, T., Walsh, M. and Miziolek, A., “Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy - An Emerging Chemical Sensor Technology For Field Portable, Real-time Geochemical, Mineralogical and Environmental Applications,” Application Geochemistry, pp. 730–747, 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mcmanus, C., McMillan, N., Harmon, R., Whitemore, R., DeLucia, F. and Miziolek, A., “The Use of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) in the Determination of Gem Provenance,”, pp. G72–G79, 2008.Google Scholar
Harmon, R., Remus, J., McMillan, N., McManus, C., Collins, L., Gottfried, J. Jr, DeLucia, F. and Miziolek, A., “LIBS Analysis of Geomaterials: Geochemical Fingerprinting for the Rapid Analysis and Discrimination of Minerals,” Applied Geochemistry, pp. 1125–1141, 2009.Google Scholar
Gondal, M., Hussain, T., Yamani, Z. and Baig, M., “Detection of Heavy Metals in the Arabian Crude Oil Residue Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy,” Talanta 69, pp. 1072–1078, 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, H., Fu, H., Wang, H., Jia, J., Sigrist, M. and Dong, F., “Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Applied to the Characterization of Rock by Support Vector Machine Combined with Principal Component Analysis,” Chin. Phys. B Vol. 25. No. 6, 2016.Google Scholar
Cabalin, L. and Laserna, J., “Experimental Determination of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Threshold of Metals Under Nanosecond Q-Switched Laser Operation,” Spectrochimica Acta B. Vol. 53, pp. 723–730, 1998.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McWhirter, R., “Spectral Intensities,” in Plasma Diagnostic Techniques, New York, Academic, 1965.Google Scholar
Striganove, A. and Sventitski, N., Table of Spectral Lines of Neutral and Ionized Atoms, New York, 1968.Google Scholar
Harmon, R., Remus, J., McMillan, N., McManus, C., Collins, L., Gottfried, J. Jr., DeLucia, F. and Miziolek, A., “LIBS Analysis of Geomaterials: Geochemical Fingerprinting for the Rapid Analysis and Discrimination of Minerals,” Applied Geochemistry. Vol. 24, pp. 1125–1141, 2009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ambushe, A., du Plessis, A. and McCrindle, R., “Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry for Determination of Cr in Soils from Brits District, South Africa,” Bull. Chemical Society of Ethiopia, pp. 357–366, 2015.Google Scholar
Radziemski, L. and Cremers, D., Laser-Induced Plasma and Application, New York, 1989.Google Scholar
Kasem, M. and Harith, M., “Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in Africa,” Journal of Chemistry, pp. 1–10, 2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manikaden, E., Kavita, G., Magudapathy, P., Rajamannan, B. and Prithviraj, B., “2 MeV PIXE Technique for Coastal Material Analysis,” International Journal of PIXE, pp. 75–86, 2011.Google Scholar
Maxwell, J., Teesdale, W. and Campbell, J., “The Guelph GUPIX Software Package IT,” Nucl. Instr and Meth B Vol. 95, p. 407, 1995.Google Scholar
Johannson, S. and Bartfoot, K., PIXE: A Novel Technique for Elemental Analysis, Chichester: Wiley, 1988.Google Scholar
NIST, NIST Electronic Data Base for Neutral and Ionized Elements, Available at https://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/ASD/lines_form.html, Accessed 5 April 2017.Google Scholar
Railsback, L., “An Earth Scientist Periodic Table of the Elements and Their Ions,” Geology. Vol. 39 (9), pp. 373–740, 2003.Google Scholar
Yardly, B. and Bodnar, R., “Fluids in the Continental Crust,” Geochemical perspectives. Vol. 3 (1), pp. 1–127, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ryan, C., Clayton, F., Griffin, W., Sie, S. and Cousens, D., “Snip, A Statistical - Sensitive Background Treatment for the Quantitative Analysis of PIXE Spectra in the Geoscience Applications,” Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B34, pp. 396–402, 1998.Google Scholar
Walsh, J., “Determination of Silica in Rocks and Minerals by a Combined Gravimetric and Atomic - Absorption Spectrophotometric Procedure,” Analyst, pp. 51–54, 1977.Google Scholar
Johnson, D., Hooper, P. and Conrey, R., “XRF Analysis of Rocka and Minerals for Major and Trace Elements On a Single Low Dilution Li-tetraborate Fused Bead,” International Centre for Diffraction Data, pp. 843–867, 1999.Google Scholar
Ravisankar, R., Rajalakshmi, A., Eswaran, P., Meenakashisundram, V., Gajendiran, V., Manikandan, E., Magudapathy, P., Panigrahi, P. and Nair, K., “Gamma -Ray Spectroscopic and PIXE Analysis of Beach Rock Samples of South East Coast of Tamilnadu, India,” International Journal of PIXE Vol. 17, pp. 193–203, 2007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gottfried, J., Harmon, R., De Lucia, F. and Miziolek, A., “Multivariate Analysis of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Chemical Signatures for Geomaterial Classification,” Spectrochimica Acta B, pp. 1009–1019, 2009.Google Scholar
Death, D., Cunningham, A. and Pollard, L., “Multi-Element and Mineralogical Analysis of Mineral Ores Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analysis,” Spectrochima Acta Part B Vol. 64, pp. 1048–1058, 2009.Google Scholar
McMillan, N., Rees, S., Kocjelek, K. and McManus, C., “Geological Applications of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy,” Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research Vol. 38, pp. 329–343, 2014.Google Scholar
Ibrahim, M., Hussein, A., Osman, A. and Ibrahim, I., “Uranium Geochemistry in Paraluminous Leucogranites of Wadi El-Shallal Area, Sinai, Egypt,” Journal of Earth Science Vol. 12, pp. 17–37, 2000.Google Scholar
Alvey, D., Morton, K., Harmon, R., Gottfried, J., Remus, J., Collins, M. and Wise, M., “Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy- Based Geochemical Fingerprinting for the Rapid Analysis and discrimination of minerals: The Example of Garnet,” Applied Optics. Vol. 49, pp. C168–C180, 2010.Google Scholar
Harby, E. and Olodia, A., “From Ptolemaic to Modern Inked Linen via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS),” Analytical Methods. Vol. 5, pp. 3114–3121, 2013.Google Scholar
Kiros, A., Lazic, V., Gigante, G. and Gholap, A., “Analysis of Rock Samples Collected from Rock-Hewn Churches of Lalibela, Ethiopia using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy,” Journal of Archaeological Science, pp. 2570–2578, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar