Let G be a group. A subset D of G will be called a set of 3-transpositions if |x| =2 for all xεD and |xy| = 3 whenever x, yεD do not commute. We will call the set D closed if xDx = D for each xεD. For each xεD, let

In this paper we complete the work begun in [2] on the subgroup structure of the Lyons simple group Ly of order

The requirement that the graph of a function be invariant under a linear map is equivalent to a functional equation of f. For area preserving maps M(det (M) = 1), the functional equation is equivalent to an (easily solved) linear one, or to a quadratic one of the form

for all Here 2C = Trace (M). It is shown that (Q) admits continuous solutions ⇔ M has real eigenvalues ⇔ (Q) has linear solutions f(x) = λx ⇔ |C| ≥ 1. For |c| = 1 or C < – 1, (Q) only admits a few simple solutions. For C > 1, (Q) admits a rich supply of continuous solutions. These are parametrised by an arbitrary function, and described in the sense that a construction is given for the graphs of the functions which solve (Q).

As the culmination of a notable sequence of papers, Mather [6] gave a necessary and sufficient condition that stable maps were dense in C∞(N, P): it is that the dimensions n and p satisfy the condition n <σ(n, p), where σ(n, p) is the codimension (in a sufficiently large jet space) of the set of jets in Jr(n, p) whose classification (for ℋ-equivalence) ‘involves moduli’.

The Realizability Question for poly-Surface groups consists in asking whether, for any poly-Surface group G, one may find a smooth closed aspherical manifold XG with π1(XG)= G. It seems, on present evidence, that the answer is always ‘yes’ [2][3], although in any one case the details may be quite complicated [4].

For V a complex algebraic threefold with k( V) = 0 and having at least one minimal model (for definition, see below), we show that (except possibly in one rather special case) the components of an effective divisor mKv are birationally ruled surfaces.

It is known [14] that every topological complex vector bundle on a smooth rational surface admits an algebraic structure. In [10] one constructs algebraic vector bundles of rank 2 on with arbitrary Chern classes c1, c2 subject to the necessary topological condition c1 c2 = 0 (mod 2). However, in dimensions greater than 2 the Chern classes don't determine the topological type of a vector bundle. In [2] one classifies the topological complex vector bundles of rank 2 on and one proves that any such bundle admits an algebraic structure.

In 1956 Toda [5] introduced two fibrations localized at p > 2:

where is a subcomplex of the James construction . The construction of H′ was somewhat difficult and was discussed by Moore (see [3]). Moore's definition however is not natural (in the sense of Theorem 1 (b) below). It is our purpose to give another definition, closer to Toda's original definition, which is natural, is an H map* and behaves well with respect to the Dyer-Lashof map λ: BΣp → Q(So). We use this to settle an unanswered question in [2].

H*-algebras were introduced and studied by Ambrose [1] in the associative case, and the theory has been extended to such particular classes of non-associative algebras as Lie [18, 19], Jordan[20, 21, 7], alternative [11] and non-commutative Jordan [6] algebras. In all these cases the core of the matter is showing that every H*-algebra (in the given class) with zero annihilator is the closure of the orthogonal sum of its minimal closed ideals (each of which is a topologically simple H*-algebra), and then listing all the topologically simple H*-algebras in the class. In fact every nonassociative H*-algebra with zero annihilator is the closure of the orthogonal sum of its minimal closed ideals [6, theorem 2·7], so the problem of the classification of topologically simple non-associative H*-algebras becomes interesting. In relation with this problem the question arises whether, once an algebra A has been structured as a topologically simple H*-algebra, every H*-algebra structure on A is (up to a positive multiple of the inner product) totally isomorphic to the given one (see [3] and [11, section 4]). As a consequence of the results in this paper we give a general affirmative answer to this question.

Naturally reductive homogeneous spaces have been studied by a number of authors as a natural generalization of Riemannian symmetric spaces. A general theory with many examples was well-developed by D'Atri and Ziller[3]. D'Atri and Nickerson have proved that all naturally reductive spaces are spaces with volume-preserving local geodesic symmetries (see [1] and [2]).

Let be the 3-dimensional sphere and let be a smooth knot, i.e. K is the image of a regular diffeomorphism . We say that K is unknotted if there exists a diffeomorphism of onto the unit sphere of , that brings K to the equatorial circle otherwise we say that K is knotted.

For a topologist, the fundamental group G of a space is usually the most important non-abelian algebraic object of study. However, under many equivalence relationships G is not invariant, so topologists have been led to examine other algebraic objects. In particular, for questions of concordance the lower central series of G seems to play the crucial role. Recall that the lower central series Gn(n = 1,2,...) of G is defined by G1 = G, Gn = [G, Gn_1] for n > 1, and the lower central sequence of G is the sequence of quotients G/Gn.

The purpose of this note is to present simple proofs of the basic results concerning semi-simple annihilator Banach algebras as well as new results (for terminology notation and the standard approach see [2]).

Stone-Čech compactifications of semigroups have aroused a good deal of interest recently. Several authors, for example Milnes [6], Marcri [5] and Baker and Butcher [1], have concentrated on problems of the existence of continuous extensions to βS of the operation in a topological semigroup S. For a discrete semigroup a separately continuous extension always exists, and others such as Pym and Vasudeva[8] have studied the compactifications of particular classes of semigroups. Further interest has centred on the algebraic structure of these compactifications; see for example Hindman[3].

The purpose of this article is to extend certain results which are known to hold for convex bodies to a class of non-convex bodies occurring in the theory of topological vector spaces. In the first section after this introduction an analogue of F. John's Theorem on the distance of a finite dimensional space from Euclidean space is obtained, and the result is shown to be best possible. The Dvoretzky-Rogers Lemma on the points of contact of a symmetric convex body with the ellipsoid of maximum volume contained within it is discussed for certain non-convex bodies. In the next part the Dvoretzky Theorem on the existence of ellipsoidal sections is shown to hold with the best possible estimate for the dimension of the sections. It follows from estimates involving cotype constants that the finite dimensional subspaces of Lp (0 < p < 1) possess large almost Hilbertian subspaces. The final section extends the theorem of S. Szarek relating the volume of a body to the existence of ellipsoidal sections.

In this note we will prove a number of facts which generalize to various non-abelian groups some results of Glicksberg[2]. In the non-abelian form they will have application to certain results of the author on the 2 dimensional continuous cohomology associated with central extensions [6].

Let X be a complex Banach space and T a bounded operator on X. The numerical range of T is defined by

1. Introduction. A linear operator T on a vector lattice is band preserving if x⊥ y implies Tx ⊥ y. Much is known about the order bounded band preserving operators on an Archimedean vector lattice. The collection of all of these forms an Abelian algebra under composition and a vector lattice for the operator order (see [7], [8] and [13] amongst others). Very little appears to be known about band preserving operators which are not order bounded apart from some isolated examples ([11], [13], [1] and [17]) and some non-existence results ([11] and [1]).

Let M be a smooth manifold in . One may ask whether , the restriction of the Fourier transform of f to M makes sense for every f in . Since, for does not make sense pointwise, it is natural to introduce a measure σ on M and ask for an inequality

for every f in (say) the Schwartz class. Results of this kind are called restriction theorems. An excellent survey article on this subject is to be found in Tomas[13].

Our main purpose is to give criteria for determining which subsets of Rn+1 are polar relative to the heat equation