Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T16:17:17.042Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Pendulous Usnea species (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in tropical South America and the Galapagos

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2013

Camille TRUONG ,
Juan Manuel RODRIGUEZ  and
Philippe CLERC
Camille TRUONG
Affiliation:
Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de la Ville de Genève, CP 60, 1292 Chambésy, Switzerland ; Laboratoire de Systématique Végétale et Biodiversité, Faculté des Sciences de l'Université de Genève, CP 60, 1292 Chambésy, Switzerland. Email: [email protected]
Juan Manuel RODRIGUEZ
Affiliation:
Centro de Ecología y Recursos Naturales Renovables, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, Av. Vélez Sarsfield 299, Córdoba, Argentina
Philippe CLERC
Affiliation:
Conservatoire et Jardin Botaniques de la Ville de Genève, CP 60, 1292 Chambésy, Switzerland ; Laboratoire de Systématique Végétale et Biodiversité, Faculté des Sciences de l'Université de Genève, CP 60, 1292 Chambésy, Switzerland. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The diversity of pendulous Usnea species in tropical South America (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela) and the Galapagos Islands is discussed with reference to 23 species. Usnea crenulata Truong & Clerc is newly described. Usnea articulata, U. deformis, U. dimorpha, U. geissleriana, U. merrillii, U. perhispidella, U. sanctaeritae, U. subflammea and U. transitoria are newly reported for South America. Modern descriptions are provided for Usnea amabilis, U. arthroclada, U. dodgei, U. humboldtii and U. regia. We propose to reject the synonymy of U. hesperina with U. schadenbergiana, and the valid name for U. hesperina is therefore U. subgracilis. Distinct patterns of unidentified triterpenoids have been detected by thin-layer chromatography and are used to characterize several species within this group. The morphology, branch anatomy, chemistry, ecology and distribution of each species are given, together with an identification key.

Keywords

endemismlichensmacrolichensNeotropicstaxonomy
Type
Articles
Information
The Lichenologist , Volume 45 , Issue 4 , July 2013 , pp. 505 - 543
Copyright
Copyright © British Lichen Society 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aptroot, A. & Bungartz, F. (2007) The lichen genus Ramalina on the Galapagos. Lichenologist 39: 519–542.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arvidsson, L. (1991) Lichenological studies in Ecuador. In Tropical Lichens: Their Systematics, Conservation, and Ecology, Vol. 43 (Galloway, D. J., ed.): 123–134. Oxford: Clarendon Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Awasthi, G. (1986) Lichen genus Usnea in India. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 61: 333–421.Google Scholar
Clerc, P. (1987 a) On the morphology of soralia in the genus Usnea . Bibliotheca Lichenologica 25: 99–102.Google Scholar
Clerc, P. (1987 b) Systematics of the Usnea fragilescens aggregate and its distribution in Scandinavia. Nordic Journal of Botany 7: 479–495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clerc, P. (1992) Some new or interesting species of the genus Usnea (lichenised Ascomycetes) in the British Isles. Candollea 47: 513–526.Google Scholar
Clerc, P. (1997) Notes on the genus Usnea Dill. ex Adanson. Lichenologist 29: 209–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clerc, P. (1998) Species concepts in the genus Usnea (lichenized Ascomycetes). Lichenologist 30: 321–340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clerc, P. (2004) Notes on the genus Usnea Adanson. II. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 88: 79–90.Google Scholar
Clerc, P. (2006) Synopsis of Usnea (lichenized Ascomycetes) from the Azores with additional information on the species in Macaronesia. Lichenologist 38: 191–212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clerc, P. (2008) Usnea. In Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 3 (Nash, T. H. III, Gries, C. & Bungartz, F., eds.): 302–335. Tempe, Arizona: Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University.Google Scholar
Clerc, P. (2011 a) Notes on the genus Usnea Adans. (lichenized Ascomycota). III. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 106: 41–51.Google Scholar
Clerc, P. (2011 b) Usnea. In Nordic Lichen Flora Vol. 4 (Thell, A. & Moberg, R., eds): 107–127. Uddevalla: Nordic Lichen Society.Google Scholar
Clerc, P. & Herrera-Campos, M. A. (1997) Saxicolous species of Usnea subgenus Usnea (lichenized Ascomycetes) in North America. Bryologist 100: 281–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Culberson, C. F. & Ammann, K. (1979) Standardmethode zur Dünnschichtchromatographie von Flechtensubstanzen. Herzogia 5: 1–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Culberson, C. F. & Johnson, A. (1982) Substitution of methyl tert.-butyl ether for diethyl ether in the standardized thin-layer chromatographic method for lichen products. Journal of Chromatography 238: 483–487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halonen, P., Clerc, P., Goward, T., Brodo, I. M. & Wulff, K. (1998) Synopsis of the genus Usnea (lichenized Ascomycetes) in British Columbia, Canada. Bryologist 101: 36–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halonen, P., Myllys, L., Ahti, T. & Petrova, O. V. (1999) The lichen genus Usnea in East Fennoscandia. III. The shrubby species. Annales Botanici Fennici 36: 235–256.Google Scholar
Herrera-Campos, M. A., Clerc, P. & Nash, T. H. III (1998) Pendulous species of Usnea from the temperate forests in Mexico. Bryologist 101: 303–329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herrera-Campos, M. A., Nash, T. H. III & Garcia, A. Z. (2001) Preliminary study of the Usnea fragilescens aggregate in Mexico. Bryologist 104: 235–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lendemer, J. C. (2006) Nomenclature and typification in the genus Usnea (lichenized Ascomycetes)—V. Usnea hesperina Motyka. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 155: 25–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lendemer, J. C. & Tavares, I. I. (2003) Nomenclature and typification in the genus Usnea (lichenized Ascomycetes)—II. Usnea fallax and Usnea paradoxa . Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 153: 181–185.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lendemer, J. C. & Tavares, I. I. (2004) Nomenclature and typification in the genus Usnea (lichenized Ascomycetes)—III. Usnea alata and Usnea sulcata . Sida [Dallas] 21: 643–650.Google Scholar
Lumbsch, H. T. & Wirtz, N. (2011) Phylogenetic relationships of the neuropogonoid core group in the genus Usnea (Ascomycota: Parmeliaceae). Lichenologist 43: 553–559.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, B. J. (1968) The macrolichen flora of Florida. Bryologist 71: 161–266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Motyka, J. (1936) Lichenum Generis Usnea Studium Monographicum. Pars Systematica (Vol. 1). Leopoldi: privately printed.Google Scholar
Motyka, J. (1938) Lichenum Generis Usnea Studium Monographicum. Pars Systematica (Vol. 2). Leopoldi: privately printed.Google Scholar
Ohmura, Y. (2001) Taxonomic study of the genus Usnea (lichenized Ascomycetes) in Japan and Taiwan. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 90: 1–96.Google Scholar
Ohmura, Y. (2012) A synopsis of the lichen genus Usnea (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) in Taiwan. Memoirs of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo 48: 91–137.Google Scholar
Ohmura, Y., Lin, C. K. & Wang, P. H. (2010) Three sorediate species of the genus Usnea (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) new to Taiwan. Memoirs of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo 46: 69–76.Google Scholar
Poelt, J. (1970) Das Konzept der Artenpaare bei den Flechten. Deutsche Botanische Gesellschaft, neue Folge 4: 187–198.Google Scholar
Rodriguez, J. M., Estrabou, C., Truong, C. & Clerc, P. (2011) The saxicolous species of the genus Usnea subgenus Usnea (Parmeliaceae) in Argentina and Uruguay. Bryologist 114: 504–525.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seymour, F. A., Crittenden, P. D., Wirtz, N., Øvstedal, D. O., Dyer, P. S. & Lumbsch, H. T. (2007) Phylogenetic and morphological analysis of Antarctic lichen-forming Usnea species in the group Neuropogon . Antarctic Science 19: 71–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sipman, H. J. M. (1995) Preliminary review of the lichen biodiversity of the Columbian montane forests. In Biodiversity and Conservation of Neotropical Montane Forests (Churchill, S. P., Balsley, H., Forero, E. & Luteyn, J. L., eds): 313–320. New York: New York Botanical Garden.Google Scholar
Sipman, H. J. M. (1999) Lichens. In Páramos: a Checklist of Plant Diversity, Geographical Distribution, and Botanical Literature (Luteyn, J. L., ed.): 41–53. New York: New York Botanical Garden.Google Scholar
Sipman, H. J. M., Hekking, W. & Aguirre Ceballos, J. (2008) Checklist of Lichenized and Lichenicolous Fungi from Colombia (Biblioteca José Jerónimo Triana Vol. 20). Bogotá: Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia.Google Scholar
Stevens, G. N. (1999) A revison of the lichen family Usneaceae in Australia. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 72: 1–128.Google Scholar
Stevens, G. N. (2004) Usneaceae. In Flora of Australia Vol. 56A, Lichens 4 (McCarthy, P. M. & Mallett, K., eds): 78–98 & 107–115. Melbourne: ABRS/CSIRO.Google Scholar
Swinscow, T. D. V. & Krog, H. (1975) The Usnea undulata aggregate in East Africa. Lichenologist 7: 121–138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swinscow, T. D. V. & Krog, H. (1976) The Usnea articulata aggregate in East Africa. Norwegian Journal of Botany 23: 261–268.Google Scholar
Swinscow, T. D. V. & Krog, H. (1978) Pendulous species of Usnea in East Africa. Norwegian Journal of Botany 25: 221–241.Google Scholar
Swinscow, T. D. V. & Krog, H. (1979) The fruticose species of Usnea subgenus Usnea in East Africa. Lichenologist 11: 207–252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Truong, C. & Clerc, P. (2012) The lichen genus Usnea (Parmeliaceae) in tropical South America: species with a pigmented medulla, reacting C+ yellow. Lichenologist 44: 1–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Truong, C. & Clerc, P. (2013) Eumitrioid Usnea species (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in tropical South America and the Galapagos. Lichenologist 45: 383–395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Truong, C., Bungartz, F. & Clerc, P. (2011) The lichen genus Usnea (Parmeliaceae) in the tropical Andes and the Galapagos: species with a red-orange cortical or subcortical pigmentation. Bryologist 114: 477–503.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, F. J. (1985) The lichen genus Usnea subgenus Neuropogon . Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany 13: 1–130.Google Scholar
Weber, W. A. (1966) Lichenology and bryology in the Galápagos Islands, with checklists of the lichens and bryophytes thus far reported. In The Galápagos. Proceedings of the Symposium of the Galápagos International Scientific Project (Bowman, R. I., ed.): 197–200. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Wirtz, N., Printzen, C. & Lumbsch, H. T. (2008) The delimitation of Antarctic and bipolar species of neuropogonoid Usnea (Ascomycota, Lecanorales): a cohesion approach of species recognition for the Usnea perpusilla complex. Mycological Research 112: 472–484.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed