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Los rituales de entronización de los príncipes “Turbante de Serpiente” de Chichén Itzá y Hunac Ceel de Mayapán
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 February 2021
Abstract
Las escenas de los bajorrelieves del Templo Norte de Chichén Itzá han sido investigadas durante muchas décadas, y los estudiosos han coincidido en que ilustran el ritual de inauguración del nuevo rey o gobernante, quien atraviesa diversos desafíos y ordalías y quien se distingue por portar un turbante de serpiente. En este artículo ampliamos esta idea y argumentamos que la iconografía del Templo Norte muestra rituales particulares que también son descritos en una de las historias del Chilam Balam de Chumayel, que refiere a la entronización del famoso príncipe Hunac Ceel de Mayapán. Además, presentamos datos y consideraciones adicionales que nos llevan a proponer que Chichén Itzá, durante el período Postclásico temprano, tuvo un sistema de gobernanza dual jerarquizado, que más tarde continuó en Mayapán, sobreviviendo a la conquista española en el reino de Petén Itzá.
The scenes of the bas-reliefs of the North Temple of Chichén Itzá have been investigated for many decades, and scholars have agreed that they illustrate the inauguration ritual of a new king or ruler, who goes through various challenges and ordeals and who is distinguished by wearing a turban with a snake. In this article, we expand on this idea and argue that the iconography of the North Temple shows rituals that are also described in one of the stories of the Chilam Balam of Chumayel, which refers to the enthronement of the famous prince Hunac Ceel of Mayapán. In addition, we present data and considerations that lead us to propose that Chichén Itzá during the Early Postclassic period had a hierarchical dual-governance system, which later continued in Mayapán, surviving until the Spanish conquest of the kingdom of Petén Itzá.
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