Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T15:26:48.807Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Seed dispersal by the lek-forming white-bearded manakin (Manacus manacus, Pipridae) in the Brazilian Atlantic forest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 July 2013

César Cestari*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista ‘Julio de Mesquita Filho’ (Unesp), Avenida 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro, SP, CEP 13506-900, Brasil
Marco Aurélio Pizo
Affiliation:
Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista ‘Julio de Mesquita Filho’ (Unesp), Avenida 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro, SP, CEP 13506-900, Brasil
*
1Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]

Abstract:

The movement patterns of males, females and juveniles of lekking species often differ due to differences in the commitment to lek activities, which may lead to differences in the spatial distribution and dispersal distances of seeds they eat. By sampling seeds in three lek and non-lek areas of the white-bearded manakin (Manacus manacus), we tested whether this lekking species increased the abundance and species richness of seeds in lek areas and, at a finer scale, in 21 displaying courts within lek areas. Combining data on seed defecation or regurgitation rates by free-ranging individuals, the number of seeds in droppings or regurgitations of mist-netted birds, and the distances travelled by birds equipped with radio-transmitters, we estimated the potential spatial distribution of seeds generated by six resident males and six females or juveniles during the morning peak of lek activity and when lek activity decreased in the afternoon. There was no difference in the species richness (46 and 44 morphospecies, respectively) and abundance of seeds (15.4 ± 7.3 seeds and 14.0 ± 1.1 seeds, respectively) between lek and non-lek areas. Within leks both parameters increased in courts (45 spp., 17.6 ± 14 seeds) compared with non-court sites (22 spp., 1.9 ± 1.8 seeds), likely as a consequence of the longer time spent by resident males in perches in or near display courts. Distances moved by juveniles and females per 60-min period (183 ± 272 m) were greater than resident males (42.6 ± 22.0 m) in the mornings, while the opposite happened in the afternoons (55.2 ± 40.7 m and 157 ± 105 m, respectively). We conclude that the spatial aggregation of seeds in lek areas of M. manacus occurs at the court level, and the spatial distribution of deposited seeds varies with manakin lekking status and the daily period of foraging.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

LITERATURE CITED

CESTARI, C. 2010. Anting behavior by the White-bearded Manakin (Manacus manacus, Pipridae): an example of functional interaction in a frugivorous lekking bird. Biota Neotropica 10:339342.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CESTARI, C. & PIZO, M. A. 2012. Lek phenology of the White-bearded Manakin (Manacus manacus, Pipridae) in a subtropical region. Journal of Natural History 46:29993009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CESTARI, C. & PIZO, M. A. 2013. Context-dependence in seed removal by lekking and non-lekking frugivorous birds in Brazilian of Atlantic forest. Wilson Journal of Ornithology. In press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
CHAPMAN, F. M. 1935.The courtship of Goulds’ manakin (Manacus vitellinus) on Barro Colorado Island canal zone. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 68:471525.Google Scholar
CÔRTES, M. C. & URIARTE, M. 2013. Integrating frugivory and animal movement: a review of the evidence and implications for scaling seed dispersal. Biological Reviews 88:255272.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DARNTON, I. 1958. The display of the manakin Manacus manacus. Ibis 100:5258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
GRAVES, G. R., ROBBINS, M. B. & REMSEN, J. V. 1983. Age and sexual difference in spatial distribution and mobility in manakins (Pipridae): inferences from mist-netting. Journal of Field Ornithology 54:407412.Google Scholar
HAMMER, Ø., HARPER, D. A. T. & RYAN, P. D. 2001. PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica 4:19.Google Scholar
JADEJA, S., PRASAD, S., QUADER, S. & ISVARAN, K. 2013. Antelope mating strategies facilitate invasion of grasslands by a woody weed. Oikos (in press). doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00320.xCrossRefGoogle Scholar
JANSEN, P. A., BONGERS, F. & VAN DER MEER, P. J. 2008. Is farther seed dispersal better? Spatial patterns of offspring mortality in three rainforest tree species with different dispersal abilities. Ecography 31:4352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
KARUBIAN, J., SORK, V. L., ROORDA, T., DURÃES, R. & SMITH, T. B. 2010. Destination-based seed dispersal homogenizes genetic structure of a tropical palm. Molecular Ecology 19:17451753.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
KARUBIAN, J., DURÃES, R., STOREY, J. L. & SMITH, T. B. 2012. Mating behavior drives seed dispersal by the Long-wattled Umbrellabird Cephalopterus penduliger. Biotropica 44:689698.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
KRIJGER, C. L., OPDAM, M., THÉRY, M. & BONGERS, F. 1997. Courtship behaviour of manakins and seed bank composition in a French Guianan rain forest. Journal of Tropical Ecology 13:631636.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
KWIT, C., LEVEY, D. J., TURNER, S. A., CLARK, C. J. & POULSEN, J. R. 2007. Out of one shadow and into another: causes and consequences of spatially contagious seed dispersal by frugivores. Pp. 427444 in Dennis, A. J., Green, R. J. & Schupp, E. W. (eds.). Seed dispersal: theory and its application in a changing world. CABI Publishing, Wallingford.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
LILL, A. 1974a. Sexual behavior of the lek-forming White-bearded Manakin (Manacus manacus trinidatis Hartert). Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 36:136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LILL, A. 1974b. Social organization and space utilization in the lek-forming White-bearded Manakin (Manacus manacus trinitatis Hartert). Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 36:513530.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LOISELLE, B. & BLAKE, J. 1990. Diets of understory fruit-eating birds in Costa Rica: seasonality and resource abundance. Studies in Avian Biology 13:91103.Google Scholar
MAMEDE, M. C. H., CORDEIRO, I, ROSSI, L., MELO, M. M. R. F. & OLIVEIRA, R. J. 2004. Mata Atlântica. Pp. 115132 in Marques, O. A. V. & Duleba, W. (eds.). Estação Ecológica Juréia-Itatins. Ambiente físico, flora e fauna. Holos, Ribeirão Preto.Google Scholar
SAMPAIO, D., SOUZA, V. C., OLIVEIRA, A. A., PAULA-SOUZA, J. & RODRIGUES, R. R. 2005. Árvores da restinga: guia de identificação. Neotrópica, São Paulo. 277 pp.Google Scholar
SICK, H. 1967. Courtship behavior in the manakins (Pipridae): a review. Living Bird 6:522.Google Scholar
SICK, H. 1997. Ornitologia Brasileira. Nova Fronteira, Rio de Janeiro. 862 pp.Google Scholar
SCHUPP, E. W., MILERON, T. & RUSSO, S. E. 2002. Dissemination limitation and the origin and maintenance of species-rich tropical forests. Pp. 1933 in Levey, D. J., Silva, W. R. & Galetti, M. (eds.). Seed dispersal and frugivory: ecology, evolution and conservation. CABI Publishing, Wallingford.Google Scholar
SCHUPP, E., JORDANO, P. & GÓMEZ, J. M. 2010. Seed dispersal effectiveness revisited: a conceptual review. New Phytologist 188:333353.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
SNOW, D. 1962. A field study of the Black-and-white Manakin, Manacus manacus, in Trinidad. Zoologica 47:65104.Google Scholar
SNOW, D. 2004. Family Pipridae (Manakins). Pp. 110169 in del Hoyo, J., Elliot, A. & Christie, D. A. (eds.). Handbook of the birds of the world: cotingas to pipits and wagtails. Lynx Editions, Barcelona.Google Scholar
TARIFA, J. R. 2004. Unidades climáticas dos maciços litorâneos da Juréia-Itatins. Pp. 4250 in Marques, O. A. V. & Duleba, W. (eds.). Estação Ecológica Juréia-Itatins. Ambiente físico, flora e fauna. Holos, Ribeirão Preto.Google Scholar
THÉRY, M. 1992. The evolution of leks through female choice – differential clustering and space utilization in six sympatric manakins. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 30:227237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
THÉRY, M. & LARPIN, D. 1993. Seed dispersal and vegetation dynamics at a Cock-of-the-rock's lek in the tropical forest of French Guiana. Journal of Tropical Ecology 9:109116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
WESTCOTT, D. A., BENTRUPPERBAUMER, J., BRADFORD, M. G. & MCKEOWN, A. 2005. Incorporating patterns of disperser behaviour into models of seed dispersal and its effects on estimated dispersal curves. Oecologia 146:5767.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
WORTHINGTON, A. 1982. Population size and breeding rhythms of two species of manakins in relation to food supply. Pp. 213225 in Leigh, E. G., Rand, A. S. & Windsor, D. M. (eds.). The ecology of a tropical forest: seasonal rhythms and long-term changes. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar