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Impact of Hurricane Iniki on native Hawaiian Acacia koa forests: damage and two-year recovery

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

Robin A. Harrington ,
James H. Fownes ,
Paul G. Scowcroft  and
Cheryl S. Vann
Robin A. Harrington
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soil Science, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
James H. Fownes
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soil Science, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Paul G. Scowcroft
Affiliation:
Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Service, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813
Cheryl S. Vann
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soil Science, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
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Abstract

Damage to Hawaiian Acacia koa forest by Hurricane Iniki was assessed by comparison with our previous measures of stand structure and leaf area index (LAI) at sites along a precipitation/elevation gradient on western Kauai. Reductions in LAI ranged from 29 to 80% and were correlated with pre-hurricane LAI and canopy height. The canopy damage resulted in a large pulse of litter, ranging from 4 to 19 t ha-1 across our study sites. In the first year post-hurricane, LAI recovery and relative increase in stand basal area were negatively correlated with the fraction of canopy LAI lost. The two major overstorey species, A. koa and Metrosiderous polymorpha, were damaged less than the sub-canopy species, Dodonaea viscosa and Psidium guajava. Although D. viscosa and P. guajava were both severely damaged in the hurricane, the alien species P. guajava had much higher survival than the native D. viscosa, both as adults and as seedlings. However, seedling density of P. guajava was limited by low recruitment. At these sites, there was no drastic change in species composition following hurricane disturbance, and forest structure and productivity had recovered to a great degree within 2 y.

Keywords

Acacia koaalien speciescanopydefoliationDodonaea viscosaleaf area indexlitterfallMetrosideros polymorphaPsidium guajavaseedling recruitment
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Tropical Ecology , Volume 13 , Issue 4 , July 1997 , pp. 539 - 558
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1997

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