Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-19T05:49:51.318Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

DNA barcoding of commercially relevant marine fish species in Tunisian waters

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2022

Sara M. Francisco Open the ORCID record for Sara M. Francisco [Opens in a new window] ,
Cristina S. Lima Open the ORCID record for Cristina S. Lima [Opens in a new window] ,
Inês Moreira Open the ORCID record for Inês Moreira [Opens in a new window] ,
Adel A. Basyouny Shahin Open the ORCID record for Adel A. Basyouny Shahin [Opens in a new window]  and
Abderraouf Ben Faleh Open the ORCID record for Abderraouf Ben Faleh [Opens in a new window]
Sara M. Francisco*
Affiliation:
MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
Cristina S. Lima
Affiliation:
MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
Inês Moreira
Affiliation:
MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
Adel A. Basyouny Shahin
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El Minia, Egypt
Abderraouf Ben Faleh
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms (LR/18/ES/41), Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
*
Author for correspondence: Sara M. Francisco, E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

DNA barcoding based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in mitochondrial DNA has been adopted as a global biological identification system for animals due to its accuracy compared with other classical taxonomic methods. The objective of this study was to establish a reference library with generated barcodes. A total of 84 fish specimens belonging to 37 commercially important marine fish species, representing five orders, 14 families and 30 genera, were sampled along the Tunisian coast and barcoded for the first time, obtaining 637 bp sequences. The average Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) distances within species, genera and families were 0.52, 6.86 and 14.60%, respectively. The Maximum likelihood (ML) tree revealed distinct clusters in concurrence with the taxonomic status of the species. Our results confirmed the authentication of the barcode approach for the identification of the species examined and provide valuable information that would help ichthyologists to achieve better monitoring, conservation and management of fisheries in Tunisia.

Keywords

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI)DNA barcodingmarine fishmitochondrial DNATunisia
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 102 , Issue 3-4 , June 2022 , pp. 178 - 185
Copyright
Copyright © MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal, 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abbas, EM, Soliman, T, El-Magd, MA, Farrag, MMS, Ismail, RF and Kato, M (2017) Phylogeny and DNA barcoding of the family Sparidae inferred from mitochondrial DNA of the Egyptian waters. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 12, 73–81.Google Scholar
Alam, MS, Alkuwari, AD, Alhashimi, N and Almalki, A (2020) DNA barcoding identification of perciform fishes of the Arabian Gulf commercially harvested in Qatar. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 24, 259–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Altschul, SF, Gish, W, Miller, W, Myers, EW and Lipman, DJ (1990) Basic local alignment search tool. Journal of Molecular Biology 215, 403–410.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ardura, A, Linde, AR, Moreira, JC and Garcia-Vazquez, E (2010) DNA barcoding for conservation and management of Amazonian commercial fish. Biological Conservation 143, 1438–1443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asgharian, H, Sahafi, HH, Ardalan, AA, Shekarriz, S and Elahi, E (2011) Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 barcode data of fish of the Nayband national park in the Persian gulf and analysis using meta-data flag several cryptic species. Molecular Ecology Resources 11, 461–472.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barman, D, Roy, S, Kumar, V, Mandal, SC and Vikas Kumar, V (2012) DNA barcoding applications in aquaculture: method provides efficient, standardized species identification. Global Aquaculture Advocate 15, 80–81.Google Scholar
Ben Hassine, J and Escoriza, D (2013) Caretta caretta in Tunisia: natural history and report of a new regular nesting area. Herpetological Review 44, 557–561.Google Scholar
Ben Labidi, M, Allaya, H, Shahin, AAB, Quignard, JP, Trabelsi, M and Ben Faleh, A (2021) Morphometric and meristic characters variability and relationship between populations of Boops boops Linnaeus, 1758 from four marine stations along the Tunisian coast. Fisheries and Aquatic Life 29, 13–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ben Labidi, M, Mejri, M, Shahin, AAB, Quignard, JP, Trabelsi, M and Ben Faleh, A (2020 a) Stock discrimination of the bogue Boops boops (Actinopterygii, Sparidae) form two Tunisian Marine Stations using the otolith shape. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 50, 413–422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ben Labidi, M, Mejri, M, Shahin, AAB, Quignard, JP, Trabelsi, M and Ben Faleh, A (2020 b) Otolith fluctuating asymmetry in Boops boops (Actinopterygii, Sparidae) from two marine stations (Bizerte and Kelibia) in Tunisian waters. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 100, 1135–1146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bingpeng, X, Heshan, L, Zhilan, Z, Chunguang, W, Yanguo, W and Jianjun, W (2018) DNA barcoding for identification of fish species in the Taiwan Strait. PLoS ONE 13, e0198109.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bottero, MT and Dalmasso, A (2011) Animal species identification in food products: evolution of biomolecular methods. The Veterinary Journal 190, 34–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Callejas, C and Ochando, MD (2001) Molecular identification (RAPD) of the eight species of the genus Barbus (Cyprinidae) in the Iberian Peninsula. Journal of Fish Biology 59, 1589–1599.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Costa, FO and Carvalho, GR (2007) The barcode of life initiative: synopsis and prospective societal impacts of DNA barcoding of fish. Genomics Society and Policy 3, 29–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Damerau, M, Freese, M and Hanel, R (2018) Multi-gene phylogeny of jacks and pompanos (Carangidae), including placement of monotypic vadigo Campogramma glaycos. Journal of Fish Biology 92, 190–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Di Pinto, A, Marchetti, P, Mottola, A, Bozzo, G, Bonerba, E and Ceci, E (2015) Species identification in fish fillet products using DNA barcoding. Fisheries Research 170, 9–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drummond, AJ, Ho, SYW, Phillips, MJ and Rambaut, A (2006) Relaxed phylogenetics and dating with confidence. PLoS Biology 4, e88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
FAO (2019) Profils de la pêche et de l'aquaculture par pays. Tunisie, 2019. Fiches d'information Profils de pays. Dans: Division des pêches de la FAO [en ligne]. Rome: FAO. Available at http://www.fao.org/fishery.Google Scholar
Fernandes, TJR, Amaral, JS and Isabel Mafra, I (2020) DNA barcode markers applied to seafood authentication: an updated review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 25, 1–32.Google Scholar
Fischer, W (1973) FAO Species Identification Sheets for Fishery Purposes: Mediterranean and Black Sea (Fishing Area 37). Revision 1. v. 1: Vegetation and invertebrates.- v. 2: Vertebrates. Rome: FAO. Available at https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=XF19890088654.Google Scholar
Fox, M, Mitchell, M, Dean, M, Elliott, C and Katrina Campbell, K (2018) The seafood supply chain from a fraudulent perspective. Food Security 10, 939–963.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Froese, R and Pauly, D (eds) (2019) FishBase. FishBase mirror, Stockholm, Sweden: World Wide Web electronic publication. Available at http://www.fishbase.org/.Google Scholar
Froese, R and Pauly, D (eds) (2021) FishBase. FishBase mirror, Stockholm, Sweden: World Wide Web electronic publication. Available at http://www.fishbase.org.Google Scholar
Ghouri, MZ, Ismail, M, Javed, MA, Khan, SH, Munawar, N, Umar, AB, Nisa, M, Aftab, SO, Amin, S, Khan, Z and Ahmad, A (2020) Identification of edible fish species of Pakistan through DNA barcoding. Frontiers in Marine Science 7, 554183.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hajibabaei, M, de Waard, JR, Ivanova, N, Ratnasingham, S, Dooh, RT, Kirk, SL, Mackie, PM and Hebert, PDN (2005) Critical factors for assembling a high volume of DNA barcodes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 1462, 1959–1967.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanel, R and Sturmbauer, C (2000) Multiple recurrent evolution of trophic types in northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean seabreams (Sparidae, Percoidei). Journal of Molecular Evolution 50, 276–283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hebert, PDN, Ratnasingham, S and DeWaard, JR (2003) Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 270, S96–S99.Google ScholarPubMed
Hebert, PDN, Stoeckle, MY, Zemlak, TS and Francis, CM (2004) Identification of birds through DNA barcodes. PLoS Biology 2, e312.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hubert, N, Hanner, R, Holm, E, Mandrak, NE, Taylor, E, Taylor, E, Burridge, M, Watkinson, D, Dumont, P, Curry, A, Bentzen, P, Zhang, J, April, J and Bernatchez, L (2008) Identifying Canadian freshwater fishes through DNA barcodes. PLoS ONE 3, e2490.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ivanova, NV, Zemlak, T, Hanner, RH and Hebert, PDN (2007) Universal primer cocktails for fish DNA barcoding. Molecular Ecology Notes 7, 544–548.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jan, K and Ahmed, I (2020) Morphometric and meristic characters of snow trout, Schizothorax labiatus, inhabiting the Jhelum River and its tributaries. Fisheries and Aquatic Life 28, 216–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jawad, LA, Habbeb, SF and Al-Mukhtar, AM (2018) Morphometric and meristic characters of two cichlids, Coptodon zillii and Oreochromis aureus collected from Shatt al-Arab River, Basrah, Iraq. International Journal of Marine Science 8, 12–24.Google Scholar
Jawad, LA, Ibáñez, AL, Kiki, M and Gnohossou, P (2020) Determination of body shape and meristic characters variations in wild and cultured populations of cichlid fish, Oreochromis niloticus, from the Republic of Benin, West of Africa. Fisheries and Aquatic Life 28, 186–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jawad, LA, Ligas, A and Al-Janabi, IGM (2017) Meristic character variability among populations of Silurus triostegus Heckel, 1843 from the Euphrates, Tigris, and Shatt al-Arab Rivers, Iraq. Archives of Polish Fisheries 25, 21–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kenchington, EL, Baillie, SM, Kenchington, TJ and Bentzen, P (2017) Barcoding Atlantic Canada's mesopelagic and upper bathypelagic marine fishes. PLoS ONE 12, e0185173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kerr, KCR, Stoeckle, MY, Dove, CJ, Weigt, LA, Francis, CM and Hebert, PDN (2007) Comprehensive DNA barcode coverage of North American birds. Molecular Ecology Notes 7, 535–543.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keskin, E and Atar, HH (2013) DNA barcoding commercially important fish species of Turkey. Molecular Ecology Resources 13, 788–797.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kimura, M (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution 16, 111–120.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kingman, JFC (1982) The Coalescent. Stochastic Processes and Their Applications 13, 235–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kotsanopoulos, KV, Exadactylos, A, Gkafas, GA, Martsikalis, PV, Parlapani, FF, Boziaris, IS and Arvanitoyannis, IS (2021) The use of molecular markers in the verification of fish and seafood authenticity and the detection of adulteration. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 20, 1584–1654.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kumar, S, Stecher, G, Li, M, Knyaz, C and Tamura, K (2018) MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution 35, 1547–1549.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kundu, S, Chandra, K, Tyagi, K, Pakrashi, A and Kumar, V (2019) DNA barcoding of freshwater fishes from Brahmaputra River in Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot. Mitochondrial DNA Part B Resources 4, 2411–2419.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lakra, WS, Goswami, M and Gopalakrishnan, A (2009) Molecular identification and phylogenetic relationships of seven Indian Sciaenids (Pisces: Perciformes, Sciaenidae) based on 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I mitochondrial genes. Molecular Biology Reports 36, 831–839.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lakra, WS, Verma, MS, Goswami, M, Lal, KK, Mohindra, V, Punia, P, Gopalakrishnan, A, Singh, KV, Ward, RD and Hebert, P (2011) DNA barcoding Indian marine fishes. Molecular Ecology Resources 11, 60–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lara, A, de Leon, JLP, Rodriguez, R, Casane, D, Cote, G, Bernatchez, L and Garcia-Machado, E (2010) DNA barcoding of Cuban freshwater fishes: evidence for cryptic species and taxonomic conflicts. Molecular Ecology Resources 10, 421–430.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Larkin, MA, Blackshields, G, Brown, NP, Chenna, R, McGettigan, PA, McWilliam, H, Valentin, F, Wallace, IM, Wilm, A, Lopez, R, Thompson, JD, Gibson, TJ and Higgins, DG (2007) Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) 23, 2947–2948.Google ScholarPubMed
Lleonart, J, Taconet, M and Lamboeuf, M (2006) Integrating information on marine species identification for fishery purposes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 316, 231–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lorenzen, K, Cowx, IG, Entsua-Mensah, REM, Lester, NP, Koehn, JD, Randall, RG, So, N, Bonar, SA, Bunnell, DB, Venturelli, P, Bower, SD and Cooke, SJ (2016) Stock assessment in inland fisheries: a foundation for sustainable use and conservation. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 26, 405–440.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyra, ML, Haddad, CF and de Azeredo-Espin, AM (2017) Meeting the challenge of DNA barcoding Neotropical amphibians: polymerase chain reaction optimization and new COI primers. Molecular Ecology Resources 17, 966–980.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mabragana, E, de Astarloa JM, D, Hanner, R, Zhang, J and Gonzalez Castro, M (2011) DNA barcoding identifies Argentine fishes from marine and brackish waters. PLoS ONE 6, e28655.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malakar, AK, Lakra, WS, Goswami, M, Singh, M and Mishra, RM (2012) Molecular identification of three Ompok species using mitochondrial COI gene. Mitochondrial DNA Part B Resources 23, 20–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCusker, MR, Denti, D, Van Guelpen, L, Kenchington, E and Bentzen, P (2013) Barcoding Atlantic Canada's commonly encountered marine fishes. Molecular Ecology Resources 13, 177–188.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meyer, CP and Paulay, G (2005) DNA barcoding: error rates based on comprehensive sampling. PLoS Biology 3, e422.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meynard, CN, Mouillot, D, Mouquet, N and Douzery, EJP (2012) A phylogenetic perspective on the evolution of Mediterranean teleost fishes. PLoS ONE 7, e36443.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Orrell, TM and Carpenter, KE (2004) A phylogeny of the fish family Sparidae (porgies) inferred from mitochondrial sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32, 425–434.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paracchini, V, Petrillo, M, Lievens, A, Gallardo, AP, Martinsohn, JT, Hofherr, J, Maquet, A, Silva, APB, Kagkli, DM, Querci, M, Patak, A and Angers-Loustau, A (2017) Novel nuclear barcode regions for the identification of flatfish species. Food Control 79, 297–308.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pradhan, V, Kamble, Y, Ladniya, V and Mogul, M (2015) An overview of species identification by DNA barcoding. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 4, 127–140.Google Scholar
Puillandre, N, Brouillet, S and Achaz, G (2021) ASAP: assemble species by automatic partitioning. Molecular Ecology Resources 21, 609–620.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rabaoui, R, Yacoubi, L, Sanna, D, Casu, M, Scarpa, F, Lin, YJ, Shen, KN, Arculeo, M and Qurban, AM (2019) DNA barcoding of marine fishes from Saudi Arabian waters of the Gulf. Journal of Fish Biology 95, 1286–1297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rambaut, A, Drummond, AJ, Xie, D, Baele, G and Suchard, MA (2018) Posterior summarisation in Bayesian phylogenetics using Tracer 1.7. Systematic Biology 67, 901–904.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ratnasingham, S and Hebert, PDN (2007) BOLD: the barcode of life data system (www.barcodinglife.org). Molecular Ecology Notes 7, 355–364.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reecht, Y, Rochet, MJ, Trenkel, VM, Jennings, S and Pinnegar, JK (2013) Use of morphological characteristics to define functional groups of predatory fishes in the Celtic Sea. Journal of Fish Biology 83, 355–377.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reed, DL, Carpenter, KE and deGravelle, MJ (2002) Molecular systematics of the Jacks (Perciformes: Carangidae) based on mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences using parsimony, likelihood, and Bayesian approaches. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 23, 513–524.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saccone, C, De Giorgi, C, Gissi, C, Pesole, G and Reyes, A (1999) Evolutionary genomics in Metazoa: the mitochondrial DNA as a model system. Gene 238, 195–209.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, PJ, McVeagh, SM and Steinke, D (2008) DNA barcoding for the identification of smoked fish products. Journal of Fish Biology 72, 464–471.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soininen, EM, Valentini, A, Coissac, E, Miquel, C, Gielly, L, Brochmann, C, Brysting, AK, Sønstebø, JH, Ims, RA, Yoccoz, NG and Taberlet, P (2009) Analysing diet of small herbivores: the efficiency of DNA barcoding coupled with high throughput pyrosequencing for deciphering the composition of complex plant mixtures. Frontiers in Zoology 6, 16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Springer, VG and Smith-Vaniz, WF (2008) Supraneural and pterygiophore insertion patterns in carangid fishes, with description of a new Eocene carangid tribe, Paratrachinotini, and a survey of anterior anal-fin pterygiophore insertion patterns in Acanthomorpha. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 16, 1–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinke, D, Zemlak, TS, Boutillier, JA and Hebert, PDN (2009) DNA barcoding of Pacific Canada's fishes. Marine Biology 156, 2641–2647.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strauss, RE and Bond, CE (1990) Taxonomic methods: morphology. In Schreck, CB and Moyle, PB (eds), Methods for Fish Biology. Bethesda, MD: American Fisheries Society, pp. 109–140.Google Scholar
Suchard, MA, Lemey, P, Baele, G, Ayres, DL, Drummond, AJ and Rambaut, A (2018) Bayesian phylogenetic and phylodynamic data integration using BEAST 1.10. Virus Evolution 4, vey016.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Teletchea, F (2009) Molecular identification methods of fish species: reassessment and possible applications. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 19, 265–293.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thu, PT, Huang, WC, Chou, TK, Van Quan, N, Van Chien, P, Li, F, Shao, KT and Liao, TY (2019) DNA barcoding of coastal ray-finned fishes in Vietnam. PLoS ONE 14, e0222631.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Triantafyllidis, A, Bobori, D, Koliamitra, C, Gbandi, E, Mpanti, M, Petriki, O and Karaisko, N (2011) DNA barcoding analysis of fish species diversity in four north Greek lakes. Mitochondrial DNA Part B Resources 22, 37–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valdez-Moreno, M, Ivanova, NV, Elias-Gutierrez, M, Contreras-Balderas, S and Hebert, PD (2009) Probing biodiversity in freshwater fishes from Mexico and Guatemala with DNA barcodes. Journal of Fish Biology 74, 377–402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, L, Wu, Z, Liu, M, Liu, W, Zhao, W, Liu, H and You, F (2018) DNA barcoding of marine fish species from Rongcheng Bay, China. Peer J 6, e5013.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ward, RD, Hanner, R and Hebert, PDN (2009) The campaign to DNA barcode all fishes, FISH520 BOL. Journal of Fish Biology 74, 329–356.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ward, RD, Zemlac, TC, Innes, BH, Last, PR and Hebert, PDN (2005) DNA barcoding Australia's fish species. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360, 1847–1857.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Whitehead, PJP (1986) Clupeidae. In Whitehead, PJP, Bauchot, ML, Hureau, JC, Neilsen, J and Tortonese, E (eds), Fishes of the North-Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, Vol. 1. Paris: UNESCO, pp. 268–281.Google Scholar
Wong, EHK and Hanner, RH (2008) DNA barcoding detects market substitution in North American seafood. Food Research International 41, 828–837.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, J (2011) Species identification of marine fishes in China with DNA barcoding. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2011, 10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhang, JB and Hanner, R (2011) DNA barcoding is a useful tool for the identification of marine fishes from Japan. Biochemical Systems Ecology 39, 31–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, J and Hanner, R (2012) Molecular approach to the identification of fish in the South China Sea. PLoS ONE 7, e30621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Francisco et al. supplementary material

Francisco et al. supplementary material

Download Francisco et al. supplementary material(File)
File 4 MB