Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T18:24:19.906Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic effects of a sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota, from the north coast of the Persian Gulf

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2013

Flora Mohammadizadeh ,
Maryam Ehsanpor ,
Majid Afkhami ,
Amin Mokhlesi ,
Aida Khazaali  and
Shohreh Montazeri
Flora Mohammadizadeh*
Affiliation:
Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch, PO Box: 79159-1311, Bandar Abbas, Iran
Maryam Ehsanpor
Affiliation:
Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch, PO Box: 79159-1311, Bandar Abbas, Iran
Majid Afkhami
Affiliation:
Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch, PO Box: 79159-1311, Bandar Abbas, Iran
Amin Mokhlesi
Affiliation:
Young Researchers Club, Tehran Central Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Aida Khazaali
Affiliation:
Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch, PO Box: 79159-1311, Bandar Abbas, Iran
Shohreh Montazeri
Affiliation:
Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch, PO Box: 79159-1311, Bandar Abbas, Iran
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: F. Mohammadizadeh, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch, PO Box: 79159-1311, Bandar Abbas, Iran email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Bioactive compounds of gonad, respiration tree, cuvierian organ, and body wall of the sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota collected from the north coast of the Persian Gulf were extracted using ethyl acetate, methanol and water–methanol solvents. Extracts were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The activity was determined using the disc diffusion test. Cytotoxic activities of the extracts were determined by brine shrimp lethality assay. Results demonstrated that the A. niger was shown to be the most sensitive microorganism followed by C. albicans. The inhibition zone against A. niger and C. albicans had minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 3 to 7 μg/ml. The highest antifungal activity was found in G (water–methanol) with an inhibition zone of 50 mm against A. niger at 18 μg/ml extract concentration continuing with CT (methanol) with 46 mm inhibition zone against A. niger at 18 μg/ml extract concentration. The highest cytotoxic effect of methanol extract was found with LC50 values of about 40.31 μg/ml in the gonad organ from H. leucospilota continuing with the respiration tree organ with LC50 values of about 72.49 μg/ml.

Keywords

antibacterialantifungalcytotoxicHolothuria leucospilotaPersian Gulf
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 93 , Issue 5 , August 2013 , pp. 1401 - 1405
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Afkhami, M., Ehsanpour, M., Khazaali, A., Kamrani, E., Mokhlesi, A. and Darvish Bastami, K. (2012) Sea cucumber fisheries of Qeshm Island, Persian Gulf. SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin 32, 60–61.Google Scholar
Althunibat, O.Y., Ridzwan, B.H., Taher, M., Jamaludin, M.D., Ikeda, M.A. and Zali, B.I. (2009) In vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of three Malaysian sea cucumber species. European Journal of Scientific Research 37, 376–387.Google Scholar
Blunt, J.W., Copp, B.R., Munro, M.H.G., Northcote, P.T. and Prinsep, M.R. (2007) Marine natural products. Natural Product Reports 21, 1–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bordbar, S., Anwar, F. and Saari, N. (2011) High-value components and bioactives from sea cucumbers for functional foods—a review. Marine Drugs 9, 1761–1805.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dabbagh, A.R., Sedaghat, M.R., Rameshi, H. and Kamrani, E. (2011) Breeding and larval rearing of the sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota Brandt (Holothuria vegabunda Selenka) from the northern Persian Gulf, Iran. SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin 31, 35–38.Google Scholar
Farouk, A.E.A., Ghouse, F.A.H. and Ridzwan, B.H. (2007) New bacterial species isolated from Malaysian sea cucumbers with optimized secreted antibacterial activity. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology 3, 60–65Google Scholar
Franklin, T.J. and Snow, G.A. (2005) Biochemistry and molecular biology of antimicrobial drug action. 6th edition. New York: Springer, 135 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvell, C.D., Fenical, W., Roussis, V., Ruesink, J.L., Griggs, C.C. and Greene, C.H. (1993) Local and geographical variations in the defensive chemistry of a West Indian gorgonian coral. Marine Ecology Progress Series 93, 165–173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huizeng, F. (2001) Sea cucumber: ginseng of sea. Zhongguo Marine Medicine 82, 37–44.Google Scholar
Kumaravel, K., Ravichandran, S., Balasubramanian, T., Siva Subramanian, K. and Bilal, A.B. (2010) Antimicrobial effect of five seahorse species from the Indian coast. British Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 1, 62–66.Google Scholar
Kumar, R., Chaturvedi, A.K., Shuklab, P.K. and Lakshmia, V. (2007) Antifungal activity in triterpene glycosides from the sea cucumber Actinopyga lecanora. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 17, 4387–4391.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mamelona, J., Pelletier, E., Girard-Lalancette, K., Legault, J., Karboune, S. and Kermasha, S. (2007) Quantification of phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity of Atlantic sea cucumber, Cucumaria frondosa. Food Chemistry 104, 1040–1047.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mehmet, A., Hüseyin, S., Bekir, T., Yilmaz, E. and Sevim, K. (2011) Proximate composition and fatty acid profile of three different fresh and dried commercial sea cucumbers from Turkey. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 46, 500–508.Google Scholar
Meyer, B.N., Ferrigni, N.R., Putnam, J.E., Jacobsen, L.B., Nichols, D.E. and McLaughlin, J.L. (1982) Brine shrimp: a convenient general bioassay for active plant constituents. Planta Medica 45, 31–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mokhlesi, A., Saeidnia, S., Ahmad, R., Gohari Shahverdi Ahmad, R., Mollazadeh-Moghaddam, K. and Es'haghi, N. (2011) Antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities of Bohadschia marmorata, a sea cucumber from the north coast of Persian Gulf. Pharmacologyonline 3, 1029–1038.Google Scholar
Normark, B.H. and Normark, S. (2002) Evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance. Journal of International Medical Research 252, 91–106.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rafat, M.A., Khattab, A.E., El-Nomany, A.B. and Temraz, T.A. (2008) Screening for antibacterial and antifungal activities in some selected marine organisms of the Suez Canal and Red Sea. Egyptian Journal of Experimental Biology (Zoology) 4, 223–228.Google Scholar
Ridzwan, B.H. (2007) Sea cucumbers: a Malaysian heritage. 1st edition. Kuala Lumpur Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia: Research Centre of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), pp. 1–15, 89–128.Google Scholar
Silchenko, A.S., Avilov, S.A., Kalinin, V.I., Kalinovsky, A.I., Dmitrenok, P.S., Fedorov, S.N., Stepanov, V.G., Dong, Z. and Stonik, V.A. (2007) Constituents of the sea cucumber Cucumaria okhotensis. Structures of okhotosides B1–B3 and cytotoxic activities of some glycosides from this species. Journal of Natural Products 7, 351–356.Google Scholar
Toral-Granda, M.V. (2006) Fact sheets and identification guide for commercial sea cucumber species. SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin 24, 49–52.Google Scholar
Venugopal, V. (2009) Marine habitat and resources. In Venugopal, V. (ed.) Marine products for healthcare: functional and bioactive nutraceutical compounds from the ocean. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 23–50.Google Scholar
Wen, J., Hu, C. and Fan, S. (2010) Chemical composition and nutritional quality of sea cucumbers. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 90, 2469–2474.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yuan, W., Yi, Y., Tang, H., Liu, B., Wang, Z., Sun, G., Zhang, W., Li, L. and Sun, P. (2009) Antifungal triterpene glycosides from the sea cucumber Bohadschia marmorata. Planta Medica 75, 168–173.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yaacob, H.B., Kim, K.H., Shahimi, M., Aziz, N.S. and Sahil, S.M. (1997) Malaysian sea cucumber (Gamat): a prospect in health food and therapeutic. In Proceedings of Asian Food Technology Seminar, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 6–7 October, p. 6.Google Scholar