Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-16T07:28:53.433Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Diversity of Indo-Australian Plakortis (Demospongiae: Plakinidae), with description of four new species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 June 2010

Guilherme Muricy
Guilherme Muricy*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional—Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n—São Cristóvão. 20940–040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: G. Muricy, Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional—Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n—São Cristóvão, 20940–040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A collection of 32 specimens of the genus Plakortis (Demospongiae: Plakinidae) from Australia and the Indo-Pacific is here examined. Six species are described, four of which are new to science. Plakortis lita has microrhabds, an irregular tangential ectosomal reticulation, a confused choanosomal skeleton and irregular diods and triods. Plakortis quasiamphiaster has quasiamphiasters (spined diods and triods), spheres and a skeleton with a distinct subectosomal region. Plakortis communis sp. nov. has diods and a tangential ectosomal reticulation with circular meshes; triods and spheres may be present or absent. Plakortis bergquistae sp. nov. has diods in two size-classes, the larger one up to 330–356 µm long, and large triods (actines up to 75–121 µm long). Plakortis fromontae sp. nov. has large diods (up to 220 µm long), rare triods and a double ectosomal reticulation. Plakortis hooperi sp. nov. has diods, triods, microrhabds and spheres, with a confused ectosomal skeleton, a thinly encrusting shape and cream colour. Detailed descriptions of external morphology, skeletal arrangement of the ectosome and spicules in SEM are essential for the taxonomy of Plakortis. The number of valid species in the genus is raised from 15 to 19. A key to Indo-Australian species of Plakortis is given.

Keywords

taxonomyPoriferaHomosclerophoridaPlakortisAustraliaIndo-Pacific
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 91 , Special Issue 2: Biodiversity and Taxonomy , March 2011 , pp. 303 - 319
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Baccetti, B., Gaino, E. and Sarà, M. (1986) A sponge with acrosome: Oscarella lobularis. Journal of Ultrastructure and Molecular Structure Research 94, 195–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakus, G.J. and Nishiyama, G.K. (2000) Three species of toxic sponges from Cebu, Philippines (Porifera: Demospongiae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 113, 1162–1172.Google Scholar
Borchiellini, C., Chombard, C., Manuel, M., Alivon, E., Vacelet, J. and Boury-Esnault, N. (2004) Molecular phylogeny of Demospongiae: implications for classification and scenarios of character evolution. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32, 823–837.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boury-Esnault, N. (1973) Campagne de la Calypso au large des côtes atlantiques de l'Amérique du Sud (1961–1962). Spongiaires. Résultats Scientifiques des Campagnes de la ‘Calypso’ 10, 263–295.Google Scholar
Boury-Esnault, N. (2006) Systematics and evolution of Demospongiae. Canadian Journal of Zoology 84, 205–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boury-Esnault, N., Ereskovsky, A., Bézac, C. and Tokina, D. (2003) Larval development of the Homoscleromorpha (Porifera, Demospongiae). Invertebrate Biology 122, 187–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boute, N., Exposito, J-Y., Boury-Esnault, N., Vacelet, J., Nono, N., Miyazaki, K., Yoshizato, K. and Garrone, R. (1996) Type IV collagen in sponges, the missing link in basement membrane ubiquity. Biology of the Cell 88, 37–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bowerbank, J.S. (1858) On the anatomy and physiology of the Spongiadae. Part I. On the spicula. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 148, 279–332.Google Scholar
Burton, M. (1924) A revision of the sponge family Donatiidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1924, 1033–1045.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burton, M. (1930) Norwegian sponges from the Norman collection. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 2, 487–546.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carballo, J.L. and Uriz, M.J. (1998) Guitarra flamenca sp. nov. (Porifera: Poecilosclerida) with a SEM revision of the spiny isochelae and placochelae in the genus. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 78, 807–819.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carter, H.J. (1879) Contribution to our knowledge of the Spongidae. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 50, 284–304, 343–360.Google Scholar
Cruz, T. and Bacallado, J.J. (1981) Contribución al conocimiento de los espongiarios de las islas Canarias, I. Demosponjas ‘Homosclerophorida y Astrophorida’ del litoral de Tenerife. Boletin del Instituto Español de Oceanografía 6, 76–87.Google Scholar
Cruz-Barraza, J.A. and Carballo, J.L. (2005) First record of Plakortis Schulze (Porifera: Homosclerophorida) from the Northeast Pacific coast, with the description of Plakortis albicans sp. nov. Zootaxa 868, 1–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davidson, B.S. (1991) Cytotoxic five-membered cyclic peroxides from a Plakortis sponge. Journal of Organic Chemistry 56, 6722–6724.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dendy, A. (1905) Report of the sponges collected by Professor Herdman at Ceylon in 1902. Ceylon Pearl Oyster Fisheries Supplement Reports 18, 1–240.Google Scholar
Desqueyroux-Faúndez, R. (1981) Révision de la collection d'éponges d'Amboine (Moluques, Indonésie) constitué par Bedot et Pictet et conservée au Muséum d'histoire naturelle de Genève. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 88, 723–764.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diaz, M.C. and van Soest, R.W.M. (1994) The Plakinidae: a systematic review. In van Soest, R.W.M., van Kenpen, T.M.G. and Braeckman, J.C. (eds) Sponges in time and space: Proceedings of the 4th International Porifera Conference. University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 19–23 April 1993. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, pp. 93–109.Google Scholar
Hentschel, E. (1912) Kiesel- und Hornschwämme der Aru- und Kei-Inseln. Abhandlungen Herausgegeben von der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 34, 293–448.Google Scholar
Higgs, M.D. and Faulkner, D.J. (1978) Plakortin, an antibiotic from Plakortis halichondrioides. Journal of Organic Chemistry 43, 3454–3457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hooper, J.N.A. (2005) Porifera. Australian Faunal Directory. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/taxa/PORIFERA Accessed 12 October 2009.Google Scholar
Hooper, J.N.A. and Ekins, M. (2004) Collation and validation of museum collection databases related to the distribution of marine sponges in Northern Australia. Technical Reports of the Queensland Museum 2, 1–224.Google Scholar
Hooper, J.N.A., Kennedy, J.A. and van Soest, R.W.M. (2000) Annotated checklist of sponges (Porifera) of the South China Sea region. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 2000, Supplement 8, 125–207.Google Scholar
Hoshino, T. (1977) Demosponges from the Kii Channel and its environs, Western Japan. Proceedings of the Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 13, 1–66.Google Scholar
Hoshino, T. (1981) Shallow-water demosponges of western Japan II. Journal of Science of the Hiroshima University 29, 207–289.Google Scholar
Klautau, M., Russo, C.A.M., Lazoski, C., Boury-Esnault, N., Thorpe, J.P. and Solé-Cava, A.M. (1999) Does cosmopolitanism result from overconservative systematics? A case study using the marine sponge Chondrilla nucula. Evolution 53, 1414–1422.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Laroche, M., Imperatore, C., Grozdanov, L., Costantino, V., Mangoni, A., Hentschel, U. and Fattorusso, E. (2007) Cellular localization of secondary metabolites isolated from the Caribbean sponge Plakortis simplex. Marine Biology 151, 1365–1373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laubenfels, M.W. de (1934) New sponges from the Puerto Rican Deep. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 91, 1–28.Google Scholar
Laubenfels, M.W. de (1950) The sponges of Kaneohe bay, Oahu. Pacific Science 4, 3–36.Google Scholar
Laubenfels, M.W. de (1954) The sponges of the West-Central Pacific. Oregon State Monographs 7, 1–320.Google Scholar
von Lendenfeld, R. (1888) Descriptive catalogue of the sponges in the Australian Museum, Sidney. London: Taylor & Francis.Google Scholar
Lévi, C. (1952) Spongiaires de la côte du Sénégal. Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire 14, 36–59.Google Scholar
Lévi, C. (1953) Description de Plakortis nigra nov. sp. et remarques sur les Plakinidae (Démosponges). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle 25, 320–328.Google Scholar
Lévi, C. (1958) Spongiaires de Mer Rouge recueillis par la Calypso (1951–1952). Résultats Scientifiques des Campagnes de la Calypso. Campagne 1951–1952 en Mer Rouge. Annales de l'Institut Océnographique de Monaco 34, 3–46.Google Scholar
Lévi, C. and Lévi, P. (1983) Démosponges bathyales récoltées par le N/O ‘Vauban’ au sud de la Nouvelle-Calédonie. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle 5, 931–997.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lindgren, N.G. (1897) Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Spongienfauna des Malayischen Archipels und der chinesischen Meere. Zoologische Anzeiger 547, 480–487.Google Scholar
Longakit, M.B.A., Sotto, F.B. and Kelly, M. (2005) The shallow water marine sponges (Porifera) of Cebu, Philippines. Science Diliman 17, 52–74.Google Scholar
Maldonado, M. and Riesgo, A. (2008) Reproductive output in a Mediterranean population of the homosclerophorid Corticium candelabrum (Porifera, Demospongiae), with notes on the ultrastructure and behavior of the larva. Marine Ecology 29, 298–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayer, A.M., Kossuga, M.H., Veloso, K., Ferreira, A.G., Hajdu, E. and Berlinck, R.G. (2008) Antineuroinflammatory polyketide plakortide N from the Brazilian marine sponge Plakortis angulospiculatus. FASEB Journal 22, 1139.3CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moraes, F.C. and Muricy, G. (2003) Taxonomy of Plakortis and Plakinastrella (Demospongiae: Plakinidae) from oceanic islands of north-eastern Brazil, with description of three new species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 83, 385–397.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muricy, G. and Diaz, M.C. (2002) Order Homosclerophorida Dendy, 1905, Family Plakinidae Schulze, 1880. In Hooper, JNA and van Soest, RWM (eds) Systema Porifera: a guide to the classification of sponges. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, pp. 71–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muricy, G., Boury-Esnault, N., Bézac, C. and Vacelet, J. (1996a) Cytological evidence for cryptic speciation in Mediterranean Oscarella (Porifera, Homoscleromorpha). Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, 881–896.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muricy, G., Solé-Cava, A.M., Thorpe, J.P. and Boury-Esnault, N. (1996b) Genetic evidence for extensive cryptic speciation in the subtidal sponge Plakina trilopha (Porifera: Demospongiae: Homoscleromorpha) from the Western Mediterranean. Marine Ecology Progress Series 138, 181–187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muricy, G., Boury-Esnault, N., Bézac, C. and Vacelet, J. (1998) Taxonomic revision of the Mediterranean Plakina Schulze (Porifera, Demospongiae, Homoscleromorpha). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 124, 169–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muricy, G., Esteves, E.L., Moraes, F., Santos, J.P., Silva, S.M., Almeida, E.V.R., Klautau, M. and Lanna, E. (2008) Biodiversidade Marinha da Bacia Potiguar: Porifera. Rio de Janeiro: Museu Nacional, Série Livros 29.Google Scholar
Nichols, S. (2005) An evaluation of support for order-level monophyly and interrelationships within the class Demospongiae using partial data from the large subunit rDNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 34, 81–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pangan, A.C., Uy, F.A. and Oclarit, J.M. (2007) Antimicrobial properties of some marine sponges (Porifera) from Mactan, Cebu, Philippines. Philippine Scientist 44, 35–45.Google Scholar
Pettit, G.R., Nogawa, T., Knight, J.C., Doubek, D.L. and Hooper, J.N.A. (2004) Antineoplastic agents. 535.1 isolation and structure of plakorstatins 1 and 2 from the Indo-Pacific sponge Plakortis nigra. Journal of Natural Products 67, 1611–1613.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poppe, G.T. and Poppe, P. (2010) Poppe images. Marine iconography of the Philippine Archipelago. http://www.poppe-images.com Accessed 13 February 2010.Google Scholar
Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1986) A collection of West Indian demospongiae (Porifera). In Appendix, a list of the demospongiae hitherto recorded from the West Indies. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 86, 65–216.Google Scholar
Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1993) A collection of marine sponges from East Africa. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, Genova 89, 247–350.Google Scholar
Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1996) Sponges from the Bismarck Sea. Bollettino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell'Università di Genova 60–61, 131–138.Google Scholar
Rahm, F., Hayes, P.Y. and Kitching, W. (2004) Metabolites from marine sponges of the genus Plakortis. Heterocycles 64, 523–575.Google Scholar
Ralifo, P., Sanchez, L., Gassner, N.C., Tenney, K., Lokey, R.S., Holman, T.R., Valeriote, F.A. and Crews, P. (2007) Pyrroloacridine alkaloids from Plakortis quasiamphiaster: structures and bioactivity. Journal of Natural Products 70, 95–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sarà, M. and Bavestrello, G. (1995) Tethya omanensis, a remarkable new species from an Oman cave (Porifera, Demospongiae). Bolletino di Zoologia 62, 23–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sarà, M. and Sarà, A. (2004) A revision of Australian and New Zealand Tethya (Porifera: Demospongiae) with preliminary analysis of species-groupings. Invertebrate Systematics 18, 117–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidt, O. (1870) Grundzüge einer Spongien-Fauna des atlantischen Gebietes. Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.Google Scholar
Schulze, F.E. (1880) Untersuchungen über den Bau und die Entwicklung der Spongien. Die Plakiniden. Zeitschrift für Wissenchaftliche Zoologie 34, 407–451.Google Scholar
van Soest, R.W.M. (1989) The Indonesian sponge fauna: a status report. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 23, 223–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Soest, R.W.M. (1990) Shallow-water reef sponges of Eastern Indonesia. In Rützler, K. (ed.) New perspectives in sponge biology. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 302–308.Google Scholar
van Soest, R.W.M. and Beglinger, E.J. (2008) Tetractinellid and hadromerid sponges from the Sultanate of Oman. Zoölogische Mededelingen Leiden 82, 749–790.Google Scholar
van Soest, R.W.M. and Desqueyroux-Faúndez, R. (1997) Shallow waters demosponges of the Galapagos Islands. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 104, 379–467.Google Scholar
Solé-Cava, A.M., Klautau, M., Boury-Esnault, N., Borojevic, R. and Thorpe, J.P. (1991) Genetic evidence for cryptic speciation in allopatric populations of two cosmopolitan species of the calcareous sponge Clathrina. Marine Biology 111, 381–386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, P.A. (1973) Marine demospongiae of Mahe island in the Seychelles Bank (Indian Ocean). Annales du Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale 203, 1–96.Google Scholar
Topsent, E. (1897) Spongiaires de la Baie d'Amboine (voyage de MM. M. Bedot et C. Pictet dans l'Archipel Malais). Revue Suisse de Zoologie 4, 421–487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Topsent, E. (1901) Considérations sur la faune des spongiaires des côtes d'Algérie. Éponges de la Calle. Archives de Zoologie Expérimentale et Générale 9, 327–370.Google Scholar
Topsent, E. (1928) Spongiaires de l'Atlantique et de la Méditerranée, provenant des croisières du prince Albert 1er de Monaco. Résultats des Campagnes Scientifiques du Prince Albert I de Monaco 74, 1–376.Google Scholar
Topsent, E. (1934) Éponges observées dans les parages de Monaco (Première Partie). Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique de Monaco 650, 1–42.Google Scholar
Vacelet, J., Vasseur, P. and Lévi, C. (1976) Spongiaires de la pente externe des récifs coralliens de Tuléar (Sud-Ouest de Madagascar). Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Série A, Zoologie 49, 1–116.Google Scholar
West, R.R., Mayne, C.L., Ireland, C.M., Brinen, L.S. and Clardy, J. (1990) Plakinidines: cytotoxic alkaloid pigments from the Fijian sponge Plakortis sp. Tetrahedron Letters 31, 3271–3274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, H.V. (1902) The sponges collected in Puerto Rico in 1889 by the U.S. Fish Commission Steamer Fish Hawk. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission for 1900, 375–411.Google Scholar
Yao, G. and Steliou, K. (2002) Synthetic studies toward bioactive cyclic peroxides from the marine sponge Plakortis angulospiculatus. Organic Letters 4, 485–488.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe Colombiano. Bogotá: Editorial Catálogo Científico.Google Scholar