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Bimanual coordination in alcohol-exposed children: Role of the corpus callosum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2004

TRESA M. ROEBUCK-SPENCER ,
SARAH N. MATTSON ,
SARAH DEBOARD MARION ,
WARREN S. BROWN  and
EDWARD P. RILEY
TRESA M. ROEBUCK-SPENCER
Affiliation:
National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC 20010
SARAH N. MATTSON
Affiliation:
Center for Behavioral Teratology, San Diego, CA 92120
SARAH DEBOARD MARION
Affiliation:
Travis Research Institute, Fuller Graduate School of Psychology, Pasadena, CA
WARREN S. BROWN
Affiliation:
Travis Research Institute, Fuller Graduate School of Psychology, Pasadena, CA
EDWARD P. RILEY
Affiliation:
Center for Behavioral Teratology, San Diego, CA 92120
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Abstract

The corpus callosum (CC) is one of several brain structures affected in children prenatally exposed to alcohol. This structure plays a major role in coordinating motor activity from opposite sides of the body, and deficits in bimanual coordination have been documented in individuals with agenesis of or damage to the CC, particularly when the task is performed without visual feedback. The Bimanual Coordination Test was used to assess speed and accuracy on a task where both hands must coordinate to guide a cursor through angled pathways providing measures of interhemispheric interaction or the ability of the two hemispheres to coordinate activity via the corpus callosum. Twenty-one children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and 17 non-exposed control children (CON), matched closely in age, sex, and ethnicity were tested. For trials with visual feedback (WV), children with FASD were slower than CON children but were equally accurate. Although statistically significant group differences were not observed on most trials completed without visual feedback (WOV), accuracy of the FASD group on WOV trials was highly variable. Group differences in accuracy on WOV angles approached significance after accounting for performance on the WV angles, and children with FASD were significantly less accurate on an individual angle believed to be particularly sensitive to interhemispheric interaction. These results indicate that children with FASD are slower than CON children but equally accurate on basic visuomotor tasks. However, as task complexity and reliance on interhemispheric interaction increases, children with FASD demonstrate variable and inaccurate performance. Preliminary analyses suggest that inaccurate performance on the bimanual coordination task, and presumably impaired callosal functioning, may be related to the attention and problem solving impairments commonly reported in children with FASD. (JINS, 2004, 10, 536–548.)

Keywords

Fetal alcohol syndromePrenatal alcohol exposureCorpus callosumInterhemispheric interactionBimanual coordinationFetal alcohol spectrum disorders
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 10 , Issue 4 , July 2004 , pp. 536 - 548
Copyright
2004 The International Neuropsychological Society

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