Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T14:12:35.615Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Analysis and Improvement of Communications in Port Areas Using the Queuing Theory

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 February 2020

Sang-Won Park Open the ORCID record for Sang-Won Park [Opens in a new window] ,
Myoung-Ki Lee  and
Young-Soo Park
Sang-Won Park
Affiliation:
(Korea Maritime Institute, Busan, South Korea) (Ocean Science and Technology school, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, South Korea) (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, South Korea)
Myoung-Ki Lee
Affiliation:
(Korea Maritime Institute, Busan, South Korea) (Ocean Science and Technology school, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, South Korea) (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, South Korea)
Young-Soo Park*
Affiliation:
(Korea Maritime Institute, Busan, South Korea) (Ocean Science and Technology school, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, South Korea) (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, South Korea)
*
(E-mail: [email protected])
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This work quantitatively analyses vessel traffic service (VTS) communications in ports and suggests improvements for more efficient control of the service. For this purpose, analysis of VTS communications was performed on VHF channel 12 in Busan North Port, South Korea. This communications service follows the queue of M/G/1 (the arrivals have a Poisson distribution, the service time is characterized by a general distribution, and with a single server). The degree of congestion of the communication channel was shown as the utilisation rate of the queue, which was 67·7% at peak times and 29·6% at non-peak times. To reduce congestion in the communication channel, we propose to separate the peak time control channel, exclude passing reporting, and decrease the reporting time. With separation of the peak time control channel, the utilisation rate decreased by 41·1%. The utilisation rate decreased by 5·7% when passing reporting was omitted, and by 8·3% when reporting time was reduced by 60%. The results of this study can be used as basic policy data to improve VTS, including reinforcement of the VTS officer's role and adjustment of the control report contents.

Keywords

Vessel Traffic Service (VTS)CommunicationQueue
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Navigation , Volume 73 , Issue 4 , July 2020 , pp. 912 - 931
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Institute of Navigation 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Armacost, R. L. (1977). A queuing system approach for the design of coast guard vessel traffic services communications. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 25(4), 239–246.10.1109/T-VT.1977.23686CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baek, I. H. (1998). An analysis of ship turnaround time in the Port of Inchon. The Journal of the Korean Society for Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education, 10(1), 1–14.Google Scholar
Hess, M., Kos, S. and Hess, S. (2007). Queueing system in optimization function of port's bulk unloading terminal. Promet - Traffic & Transportation, 19(2), 61–70.Google Scholar
IALA. (2016). Vessel Traffic Services Manual - Edition 6. International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities. Saint-Germain-en-Laye.Google Scholar
IALA. (2017a). VTS VHF Voice Communication. International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities.Google Scholar
IALA. (2017b). Report on the IALA Workshop on Common Phraseology and Procedures for VTS Voice Communication. International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities.Google Scholar
IALA. (2019). Report on IALA Workshop on Harmonizing VTS Voice Communication. International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities.Google Scholar
IMO. (1997). Guidelines for Vessel Traffic Services, Assembly Resolution A.857(20). London: International Maritime Organization.Google Scholar
Inoue, K. and Hara, K. (1973). Detection days and level of marine traffic volume. Japan Institute Navigation, 50, 1–8.10.9749/jin.50.1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jang, Y. T. (1991). A methodology on the estimation of ship waiting times in a port. Ocean and Polar Research, 13(2), 57–67.Google Scholar
Kao, S.-L., Lee, K.-T., Chang, K.-Y. and Ko, M.-D. (2007). A fuzzy logic method for collision avoidance in vessel traffic service. The Journal of Navigation, 60, 17–31.10.1017/S0373463307003980CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, B. H. (2015). A study on the analysis of VTS communications for the identification of marine risk factors. Master's thesis, Busan: Korea Maritime and Ocean University.Google Scholar
Koo, J. Y. (1997). Evaluation of traffic congestion in channels within harbour limit – on channels in Ulsan New Port development. Journal of Port and Harbor Research, 8, 61–77.Google Scholar
Lee, H. W. (1998). Queuing Theory. Seoul: Sigma Press.Google Scholar
Lee, J. H. and Park, N. K. (2018). A study on the gap between theoretical and actual ship waiting ratio of container terminals: the case of a terminal in Busan New Port. Journal of Korea Port Economic Association, 34(2), 69–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, K. Y., Kim, G. S., Kim, E. S. and Jeong, M. Y. (2015). Evaluation of waiting ratio to develop port service index for domestic ports. Proceedings of Korean Institute Industrial Engineers in Jeju, 111–115.Google Scholar
Legislation (2019) Notice on the Implementation of Ship Traffic Control, etc. http://law.go.kr/admRulLsInfoP.do?chrClsCd=&admRulSeq=2100000153451 [Accessed 6 May 2019].Google Scholar
Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. (2007). Basic Research for Harmonious Operation of Vessel Traffic Service System – Final Report, Gwacheon.Google Scholar
Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. (2019). Numbers of vessels departing from and arriving at South Korean ports. http://portmis.go.kr [Accessed 6 May 2019].Google Scholar
Nautical Institute. (2018). Vessel Traffic Services – How To Take the Right Direction. London: The Nautical Institute.Google Scholar
Park, M. S., Park, B. I. and Park, K. T. (1999). An analysis on the ship handling system at a container terminal using queueing theory and simulation simultaneously. Korean Academic Society of Business Administration, 28(1), 151–166.Google Scholar
Park, S. W., Cho, H. N. and Seo, S. H. (2012). 24 hour communication analysis for improving VTS communication efficiency. Proceedings of the Journal of Navigation and Port Research, 545–547.Google Scholar
Park, S. W. and Park, Y. S. (2016a). A basic study on development of VTS control guideline based on ship's operator's consciousness. Journal of Navigation and Port Research, 40(3), 105–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Park, S. W. and Park, Y. S. (2016b). Predicting dangerous traffic intervals between ships in vessel traffic service areas using a poisson distribution. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety, 22(5), 402–409.10.7837/kosomes.2016.22.5.402CrossRefGoogle Scholar
South Regional Headquarters, Korea Coast Guard. (2014). Basic Design for Improvement of VTS System in Busan Area – Final Report. Busan.Google Scholar
Szlapczynski, R. (2011). Evolutionary sets of safe ship trajectories: a new approach to collision avoidance. The Journal of Navigation, 64, 169–181.10.1017/S0373463310000238CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsou, M.-C., Kao, S.-L. and Su, C.-M. (2010). Decision support from genetic algorithms for ship collision avoidance route planning and alerts. The Journal of Navigation, 63, 167–182.10.1017/S037346330999021XCrossRefGoogle Scholar