Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-14T17:26:44.807Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Structural and crystallographic study on 3004 aluminum alloy ingot by horizontal direct chill casting under combined electromagnetic fields

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 February 2015

Lei Li ,
Qingfeng Zhu ,
Zhihao Zhao ,
Haitao Zhang ,
Yubo Zuo  and
Jianzhong Cui
Lei Li*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
Qingfeng Zhu
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
Zhihao Zhao
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
Haitao Zhang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
Yubo Zuo
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
Jianzhong Cui
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Effect of combined electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on the structures of a 3004 aluminum alloy ingot produced by horizontal direct chill casting was crystallographically investigated. The results showed that the structure was transformed from a mixture of equiaxed and fine columnar grains to coarse columnar grains with switching off the EMFs. With the EMFs the grain size is small and shows a uniform distribution, whereas without the EMFs it is increased and reveals inhomogeneous distribution on the cross section. Besides, a transition region composed of fine equiaxed grains appeared at the moment the EMFs were switched off (between the mixture and coarse columnar grains). Furthermore, the microstructure transformation is accompanied by a crystallographic orientation change from a preferred <100> orientation to a random orientation, and then to an intense <100> fiber texture. The structural and crystallographic transformations are mainly related to the forced convection in the melt due to the induced Lorentz force by the EMFs.

Keywords

Alcastingmicrostructure
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 30 , Issue 5 , 14 March 2015 , pp. 745 - 752
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Zhao, Z.H., Cui, J.Z., Dong, J., Wang, Z.F., and Zhang, B.J.: Effect of low-frequency magnetic field on microstructures of horizontal direct chill casting 2024 aluminum alloy. J. Alloys Compd. 396, 164 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawood, A.A.: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Aluminum Cast House Technology (Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS), Warrendale, 2001); p. 275.Google Scholar
Wertli, T.P.: Horizontal continuous casting technology in the eighties. Metallurgia 53, 192 (1986).Google Scholar
Vivès, C. and Ricou, R.: Experimental study of electromagnetic casting of aluminum alloys. Metall. Trans. B 16, 377 (1985).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, J.L., Szekely, J., Elkaddah, N., Vivès, C., and Ricou, R.: Comprehensive study of the induced current, the electromagnetic force field, and the velocity field in a complex electromagnetically driven flow system. Metall. Trans. B 18, 29 (1987).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vivès, C.: Electromagnetic refining of aluminum alloys by the CERM process. Part I. Working principle and metallurgical results. Metall. Trans. B 20, 623 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vivès, C.: Electromagnetic refining of aluminum alloys by the CREM process. Part II. Specific practical problems and their solutions. Metall. Trans. B 20, 631 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, Z.H., Cui, J.Z., Dong, J., and Zhang, B.J.: Effect of low-frequency magnetic field on microstructures and macrosegregation of horizontal direct chill casting 7075 aluminum alloy. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 182, 185 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zuo, Y.B., Cui, J.Z., Dong, J., and Yu, F.X.: Effects of low frequency electromagnetic field on the as-cast microstructures and mechanical properties of superhigh strength aluminum alloy. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 408, 176 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, B.J., Cui, J.Z., and Lu, G.M.: Effect of low-frequency magnetic field on macrosegregation of continuous casting aluminum alloys. Mater. Lett. 57, 1707 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zuo, Y.B., Nagaumi, H., and Cui, J.Z.: Study on the sump and temperature field during low frequency electromagnetic casting a superhigh strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 197, 109 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vives, C.: Effects of electromagnetic vibrations on the microstructure of continuously cast aluminum alloys. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 173A, 169 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Z.F., Cui, J.Z., and Yang, Y.S.: Analysis of electromagnetic field during out-phase electromagnetic continuous casting. Acta Metall. Sin. 42, 317 (2006).Google Scholar
Zhu, Q.F., Zhao, Z.H., Zuo, Y.B., Wang, X.J., and Cui, J.Z.: The effect of the combination of electromagnetic field on the surface quality and inner structure of HDC casting Al 3004 ingot. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 19, 322 (2012).Google Scholar
Li, L., Zhang, Y.D., Esling, C., Zhao, Z.H., Zuo, Y.B., Zhang, H.T., and Cui, J.Z.: Formation of feathery grains with the application of a static magnetic field during direct chill casting of Al-9.8wt%Zn alloy. J. Mater. Sci. 44, 1063 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, L., Zhang, Y.D., Esling, C., Zhao, Z.H., Zuo, Y.B., Zhang, H.T., and Cui, J.Z.: Formation of twinned lamellas with the application of static magnetic fields during semi-continuous casting of Al-0.24wt%Fe alloy. J. Cryst. Growth 311, 3211 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, Q.F., Zhao, Z.H., Cui, J.Z., Zuo, Y.B., and Wang, X.J.: Effect of combined application of electromagnetic fields on horizontal direct chill casting of 7050 aluminium alloy. Mater. Sci. Technol. 24, 560 (2008).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunt, J.D. and Jackson, K.A.: The dendrite-eutectic transition. Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME 239, 864 (1967).Google Scholar
O’Hara, S. and Tiller, W.A.: On the mechanisms of crystal multiplication during solidification in the presence of fluid motion. Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME 239, 497 (1967).Google Scholar
Cantor, B. and Vogel, A.: Dendritic solidification and fluid flow. J. Cryst. Growth 41, 109 (1977).CrossRefGoogle Scholar