Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-13T01:02:29.141Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mechanical, tribological, and electrochemical behavior of hybrid aluminum matrix composite containing boron carbide (B4C) and graphene nanoplatelets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 September 2019

Qaisar Abbas shafqat ,
Rafi-ud-din ,
Muhammad Shahzad ,
Mahmood Khan Open the ORCID record for Mahmood Khan [Opens in a new window] ,
Sultan Mehmood ,
Waqar Adil Syed ,
Abdul Basit ,
Nasir Mehboob  and
Tahir Ali
Qaisar Abbas shafqat
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Rafi-ud-din*
Affiliation:
Materials Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
Muhammad Shahzad
Affiliation:
Materials Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
Mahmood Khan
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
Sultan Mehmood
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
Waqar Adil Syed
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Abdul Basit
Affiliation:
Materials Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
Nasir Mehboob
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Tahir Ali
Affiliation:
Physics Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

In the present work, mechanical, tribological, and electrochemical behaviors of Al Alloy 6061–(0–10) % B4C–(0.25–1.2) % graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) composites, prepared by a combination of solution mixing and powder metallurgy, were investigated. Properties such as hardness, compressive strength, wear rates, and coefficient of friction (COF) were used to investigate the effects of GNPs on mechanical and self-lubricating tribological behavior. The corrosion resistance of composites was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance techniques. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and EDS mapping were employed to study the distribution, the fracture profile, and wear mechanism. The AA 6061–10% B4C–0.6% GNPs composites exhibited sharp increase in hardness and compressive strength and significant decrease in wear rates and COF. However, for GNPs contents exceeding over 0.6 wt%, mechanical properties and wear performances deteriorated. Pulling out of sheared pultruded GNPs was observed during the fracture of composites. Worn surfaces of GNPs-containing composites showed the smeared graphene layer with some macro-cracks exhibiting delamination wear. It was found that the corrosion inhibition efficiency of GNPs was more pronounced in H3BO3 environment than in NaCl solution.

Keywords

metal matrix compositesmechanical propertieswearcorrosionmicrostructure
Type
Article
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 34 , Issue 18 , 30 September 2019 , pp. 3116 - 3129
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

El-Ghazaly, A., Anis, G., and Salem, H.G.: Effect of graphene addition on the mechanical and tribological behavior of nanostructured AA2124 self-lubricating metal matrix composite. Composites, Part A 95, 325 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geng, R., Qiu, F., and Jiang, Q.C.: Reinforcement in Al matrix composites: A review of strengthening behaviour of nano-sized particles. Adv. Eng. Mater. 20, 1701089 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baradeswaran, A. and Elaya, P.A.: Influence of B4C on the tribological and mechanical properties of Al 7075–B4C composites. Composites, Part B 54, 146 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shao, P., Yang, W., Zhang, Q., Meng, Q., Tan, X., Xiu, Z., and Wu, G.: Microstructure and tensile properties of 5083 Al matrix composites reinforced with graphene oxide and graphene nanoplates prepared by pressure infiltration method. Composites, Part A 109, 151 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lei, Y., Jiang, J., Bi, T., Du, J., and Pang, X.: Tribological behavior of in situ fabricated graphene–nickel matrix composites. RSC Adv. 8, 22113 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
din, R., Shafqat, Q.A., Shahzad, M., Ejaz, A., Asghar, Z., Nouman, R., Qureshi, A.H., Waqar, A.S., and Riffat, A.P.: Inhibitor effects of sodium benzoate on corrosion resistance of Al 6061–B4C composites in NaCl and H3BO3 solutions. Mater. Res. Express 3, 126501 (2016).Google Scholar
din, R., Shafqat, Q.A., Shahzad, M., Ejaz, A., Asghar, Z., Zahid, G.H., Basit, A., Qureshi, A.H., Tanvir, M., and Muhammad, A.N.: Microstructural evolution, powder characteristics, compaction behavior and sinterability of Al 6061–B4C composites as a function of reinforcement content and milling times. Russ. J. Non-Ferrous Metals 59, 207 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asghar, Z., Muhammad, A.F., Din, R., Zeeshan, N., Fahad, A., Basit, A., Badshah, S., and Subhani, T.: Effect of distribution of B4C on the mechanical behaviour of Al-6061/B4C composite. Powder Metall. 61, 293 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rashad, M., Pan, F., Tang, A., and Asif, M.: Effect of graphene nanoplatelets addition on mechanical properties of pure aluminum using a semi-powder method. Prog. Nat. Sci.: Mater. Int. 24, 101 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xiang, S., Wang, X., Gupta, M., Wu, K., Hu, X., and Zheng, M.: Graphene nanoplatelets induced heterogeneous bimodal structural magnesium matrix composites with enhanced mechanical properties. Sci. Rep. 6, 1 (2016).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Khan, M., Amjad, M., Khan, A., din, R., Ahmad, I., and Subhani, T.: Microstructural evolution, mechanical profile, and fracture morphology of aluminum matrix composites containing graphene nanoplatelets. J. Mater. Res. 32, 2055 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeyasimman, D., Sivasankaran, S., Sivaprasad, K., Narayanasamy, R., and Kambali, R.S.: An investigation of the synthesis, consolidation and mechanical behaviour of Al 6061 nanocomposites reinforced by TiC via mechanical alloying. Mater. Des. 57, 394 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fogagnolo, J.B., Velasco, F., Robert, M.H., and Torralba, J.M.: Effect of mechanical alloying on the morphology, microstructure and properties of aluminium matrix composite powder. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 342, 131 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Şenel, M.C., Gürbüz, M., and Koç, E.: Fabrication and characterization of synergistic Al–SiC–GNPs hybrid composites. Composites, Part B 154, 1 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khan, M., Rehman, A., Aziz, T., Naveed, K., Ahmad, I., and Subhani, T.: Cold formability of friction stir processed aluminium composites containing carbon nanotubes and boron carbide particles. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 696, 552 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khan, M., Zulfaqar, M., Fahad, A., and Subhani, T.: Microstructural and mechanical characterization of hybrid aluminum matrix composite containing boron carbide and Al–Cu–Fe quasicrystals. Met. Mater. Int. 23, 813 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, J. and Chauhan, A.: Characterization of hybrid aluminium matrix composites for advanced applications—A review. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 5, 159 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bodunrin, M.O., Alaneme, K.K., and Chown, L.H.: Aluminium matrix hybrid composites: A review of reinforcement philosophies; mechanical, corrosion and tribological characteristics. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 4, 434 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Radha, A. and Vijayakumar, K.R.: An investigation of mechanical and wear properties of AA 6061 reinforced with silicon carbide and graphene nano particles-Particulate composites. Mater. Today: Proc. 3, 2247 (2016).Google Scholar
Zeng, X., Yu, J., Fu, D., Zhang, H., and Teng, J.: Wear characteristics of hybrid aluminum-matrix composites reinforced with well-dispersed reduced graphene oxide nanosheets and silicon carbide particulates. Vacuum 155, 364 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tang, X.C., Meng, L.Y., Zhan, J.M., Jian, W.R., Li, W.H., Yao, X.H., and Han, Y.L.: Strengthening effects of encapsulating graphene in SiC particle-reinforced Al-matrix composites. Comput. Mater. Sci. 153, 275 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meysam, T.K., Ferguson, J.B., Schultz, F., Chang-Soo, K., Kyu, C., and Pradeep, K.R.: Strengthening mechanisms of graphene- and Al2O3-reinforced aluminum nanocomposites synthesized by room temperature milling. Mater. Des. 92, 79 (2016).Google Scholar
Alizadeh, M., Hossein, A., Ghaffari, M., and Amini, R.: Properties of high specific strength Al–4 wt% Al2O3/B4C nano-composite produced by accumulative roll bonding process. Mater. Des. 50, 427 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gode, C.: Mechanical properties of hot pressed SiCp and B4Cp/Alumix 123 composites alloyed with minor Zr. Composites, Part B 54, 34 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rejil, C.M., Dinaharan, I., Vijay, S.J., and Murugan, N.: Microstructure and sliding wear behaviour of AA6360/(TiC + B4C) hybrid surface composite layer synthesized by friction stir processing on aluminium substrate. Mater. Sci. Eng., A 552, 336 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Papageorgiou, D.G., Kinloch, I.A., and Young, R.J.: Mechanical properties of graphene and graphene-based nanocomposites. Prog. Mater. Sci. 90, 75 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mishra, A.K. and Balasubramaniam, R.: Corrosion inhibition of aluminium by rare earth chlorides. Mater. Chem. Phys. 103, 385 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meysam, T.K., Emad, O., Pradeep, M.L., and Pradeep, R.K.: Tribological performance of self-lubricating aluminium matrix nanocomposites: Role of graphene nanoplatelets. Eng. Sci. Technol. Int J. 19, 463 (2016).Google Scholar
Hu, J., Ji, Y., Shi, Y., Hui, F., Duan, H., and Lanza, M.: A review on the use of graphene as a protective coating against corrosion. Ann. J. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1, 16 (2014).Google Scholar
Kirkland, N.T., Schiller, T., Medhekar, N., and Birbilis, N.: Exploring graphene as a corrosion protection barrier. Corros. Sci. 56, 1 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rashad, M., Pan, F., Zhengwen, Y., Asif, M., Han, L., and Rongjian, P.: Investigation on microstructural, mechanical and electrochemical properties of aluminium composites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets. Prog. Nat. Sci.: Mater. Int. 125, 460 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nazli, A. and Deniz, U.: Processing and characterization of graphene nano-platelet (GNP) reinforced aluminum matrix composites. Mater. Test. 58, 946 (2016).Google Scholar
Perez-Bustanmante, R., Bolaños-Morales, D., Bonilla-Martínez, J., Estrada-Guel, I., and Martínez-Sánchez, R.: Microstructural and hardness behaviour of graphene-nanoplatelets/aluminum composites synthesized by mechanical alloying. J. Alloys Compd. 615, s578 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeon, C., Jeong, Y., Seo, J., Tien, H.N., Hong, S., Yum, Y., Hur, S., and Lee, K.: Material properties of graphene/aluminum metal matrix composites fabricated by friction stir processing. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 15, 1235 (2014).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fattahi, M., Gholami, A.R., Eynalvandpour, A., Ahmadi, E., Fattahi, Y., and Akhavan, S.: Improved microstructure and mechanical properties in gas tungsten arc welded aluminum joints by using graphene nanosheets/aluminum composite filler wires. Micron 64, 20 (2014).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saboori, A., Dadkhah, M., Fino, P., and Pavese, M.: An overview of metal matrix nanocomposites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets; mechanical, electrical and thermophysical properties. Metals 8, 423 (2018).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mazahery, A. and Shabanim, M.O.: Microstructural and abrasive wear properties of SiC reinforced aluminium-based composite produced by compo casting. Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 23, 1905 (2013).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hocheng, H., Yen, S.B., Ishihara, T., and Yen, B.K.: Fundamental turning characteristics of a tribology-favored graphite/aluminum alloy composite material. Composites, Part A 28, 883 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Victor, V., Svetlana, E., Alexandr, P., and Alexey, S.: Electrochemical properties of aluminum–graphene composite anodes. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 11, 8981 (2016).Google Scholar
Mišković-Stanković, V., Jevremović, I., Jung, I., and Rhee, K.Y.: Electrochemical study of corrosion behaviour of graphene coatings on copper and aluminium in a chloride solution. Carbon 75, 335 (2014). Part A Appl. Sci. Manuf. 95, 325 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Abbas shafqat et al. supplementary material

Figures S1-S7 and Table S1

Download Abbas shafqat et al. supplementary material(File)
File 2 MB