Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T18:04:20.159Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Hydration effects on the micro-mechanical properties of bone

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2006

A.K. Bembey ,
A.J. Bushby ,
A. Boyde ,
V.L. Ferguson  and
M.L. Oyen
A.K. Bembey*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
A.J. Bushby
Affiliation:
Department of Materials, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
A. Boyde
Affiliation:
Biophysics Section, Centre for Oral Growth and Development, Dental Institute, Queen Mary, University of London, London E1 1BB, United Kingdom
V.L. Ferguson
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309
M.L. Oyen
Affiliation:
Center for Applied Biomechanics, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22902
*
a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Bone is a composite material with hydroxyapatite mineral, collagen, and water as primary components. Water plays an important role in maintaining the mechanical integrity of the composite, but the manner in which water interacts within the collagen and mineral at ultrastructural length-scales is poorly understood. The current study examined changes in the mechanical properties of bone as a function of hydration state. Tissues were soaked in different solvents and solutions, with different polarities, to manipulate tissue hydration. Mineralized bone was characterized using nanoindentation creep tests for quantification of both the elastic and viscoelastic mechanical responses, which varied dramatically with tissue bathing solution. The results were considered within the context of solution physical chemistry. Selectively removing and then replacing water provided insights into the ultrastructure of the tissues via the corresponding changes in the experimentally determined mechanical responses.

Keywords

BoneNanostructureStress/strain relationship
Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 21 , Issue 8 , August 2006 , pp. 1962 - 1968
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Sasaki, N., Nakayama, Y., Yoshikawa, M., Enyo, A.: Stress relaxation function of bone and bone collagen. J. Biomech. 26, 1369 (1993).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2.Bushby, A.J., Ferguson, V.L., Boyde, A.: Nanoindentation of bone: Comparison of specimens tested in liquid and embedded in polymethylmethacrylate. J. Mater. Res. 19, 249 (2004).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Nalla, R.K., Balooch, M., Ager, J.W., Kruzic, J.J., Kinney, J.H., Ritchie, R.O.: Effects of polar solvents on the fracture resistance of dentin: Role of water hydration. Acta Biomater. 1, 31 (2005).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Pashley, D.H., Agee, K.A., Carvalho, R.M., Lee, K-W., Tay, F.R., Callison, T.E.: Effects of water and water-free polar solvents on the tensile properties of demineralized dentin. Dent. Mater. 19, 347 (2003).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Bembey, A.K., Koonjul, V., Bushby, A.J., Ferguson, V.L., and Boyde, A.: Contribution of collagen, mineral and water phases to the nanomechanical properties of bone, in Fundamentals of Nanoindentation and Nanotribology III edited by Wahl, K.J., Huber, N., Mann, A.B., Bahr, D.F., and Cheng, Y-T. (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 841Warrendale, PA, 2005), R2.8/Y2.8, p. 81.Google Scholar
6.Johnson, K.L.: Contact Mechanics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1985).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Oliver, W.C., Pharr, G.M.: An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load and displacement sensing indentation experiments. J. Mater. Res. 7, 1564 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Oyen, M.L., Cook, R.F.: Load-displacement behavior during sharp indentation of viscous-elastic-plastic materials. J. Mater. Res. 18, 139 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Oyen, M.L.: Spherical indentation creep following ramp loading. J. Mater. Res. 20, 2094 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Bembey, A.K., Oyen, M.L., Bushby, A.J., Boyde, A.: Viscoelastic properties of bone as a function of hydration state determined by nanoindentation. Philos. Mag. 2006 , in press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Briscoe, B.J., Fiori, L., Pelillo, E.: Nano-indentation of polymeric surfaces. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 31, 2395 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Cheng, L., Xia, X., Scriven, L.E., Gerberich, W.W.: Spherical-tip indentation of viscoelastic material. Mech. Mater. 37, 213 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Lu, H., Wang, B., Ma, J., Huang, G., Viswanathan, H.: Measurement of creep compliance of solid polymers by nanoindentation. Mech. Time-Depend. Mater. 7, 189 (2003).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14.Lee, E.H., Radok, J.R.M.: Contact problem for viscoelastic bodies. J. Appl. Mech. 27, 438 (1960).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Boyde, A., Maconnachie, E.: Volume changes during preparation of mouse embryonic tissue for scanning electron microscopy. Scanning 2, 149 (1979).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Hansen, C.M.: Hansen's Solubility Parameters: A User's Handbook (CRC Press, New York, 2000).Google Scholar
17.Brown, W.H.: Organic Chemistry (Saunders College Publishing, Fort Worth, TX, 1995) .Google Scholar
18.Ottani, V., Martini, D., Franchi, M., Ruggeri, A., Raspanti, M.: Hierarchical structures in fibrillar collagens. Micron. 33, 587 (2002).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Saito, H., Yokoi, M.: A 13C NMR study on collagens in the solid state: Hydration/dehydration-induced conformational change of collagen and detection of internal motions. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 111, 376 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Newman, A.P., Anderson, D.R., Daniels, A.U., Dales, M.C.: Mechanics of the healed meniscus in a canine model. Am. J. Sports Med. 17, 164 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Cowin, S.C.: Bone poroelasticity. J. Biomech. 32, 217 (1999).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Tooze, J.: Measurements of some cellular changes during the fixation of amphibian erythrocytes with osmium tetroxide solutions. J. Cell Biol. 22, 551 (1964).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Linde, F., Sorensen, H.C.: The effect of different storage methods on the mechanical properties of trabecular bone. J. Biomech. 26, 1249 (1993).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed