Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-01T00:27:48.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Amino-substituted binuclear phthalocyanines bonding with multi-wall carbon nanotube as efficient electrocatalysts for lithium-thionyl chloride battery

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 March 2019

Yan Gao ,
Liangting Chen ,
Guangfa Hu ,
Xiao Wang ,
Gai Zhang ,
Ying Zheng  and
Jianshe Zhao
Yan Gao
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
Liangting Chen
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
Guangfa Hu
Affiliation:
Research Institute of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Group Corp. Ltd., Xi’an 710075, China
Xiao Wang
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
Gai Zhang
Affiliation:
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, China
Ying Zheng
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
Jianshe Zhao*
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

In this work, carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-templated binuclear metallophthalocyanines (MTAPcCF3)2C (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) assemblies (MTAPcCF3)2C–COOH–CNTs are designed and obtained. Whereafter, the structure and morphology of target products are analyzed by many means such as infrared, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The electrocatalytic performances of lithium-thionyl chloride battery catalyzed by (MTAPcCF3)2C–COOH–CNTs were carried out. The result shows that all catalysts can improve the battery performance including the discharge time and the initial voltage. The catalytic performance of (MTAPcCF3)2C–COOH–CNTs is ordered following the central metal: Mn > Fe > Ni > Co > Cu > Zn. The cell capacity catalyzed by optimal catalyst (MnTAPcCF3)2C–COOH–CNTs can expand to 28.08 mAˑh, with increase by 142.07%, and the (MnTAPcCF3)2C–COOH–CNTs can extend the discharge time to 551.6 s. Besides, the reaction mechanism is presented on the basis of cyclic voltammetry measurements.

Keywords

binuclear metal phthalocyaninescarbon nanotubescovalent bondLi/SOCl2 batterycatalyst
Type
Article
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 34 , Issue 6 , 28 March 2019 , pp. 921 - 931
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Gangadharan, R., Namboodiri, P.N.N., Prasad, K.V., and Viswanathan, R.: The lithium—Thionyl chloride battery—A review. J. Power Sources 4, 1 (1979).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jain, M., Nagasubramanian, G., Jungst, R.G., and Weidner, J.W.: Analysis of a lithium/thionyl chloride battery under moderate-rate discharge. J. Electrochem. Soc. 146, 4023 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, B., Yuan, Z., Xu, Y., and Liu, J.: N-doped graphene as an efficient electrocatalyst for lithium-thionyl chloride batteries. Appl. Catal., A 523, 241 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, N., Dang, C., Sun, W.J., and Li, J.: The synthesis of porphyrin and metalporphyrins and their improvement to the property of Li/SOCl2 primary battery. Russ. J. Electrochem. 52, 94 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, Z., Zhao, J., Li, H., Li, K., Cao, Z., and Lu, J.: Influence of the electronic configuration of the central metal ions on catalytic activity of metal phthalocyanines to Li/SOCl2 batter. J. Power Sources 194, 1081 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holmes, C.F.: The role of lithium batteries in modern health care. J. Power Sources 97, 739 (2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Iwamaru, T. and Uetani, Y.: Characteristics of a lithium-thionyl chloride battery as a memory back-up power source. J. Power Sources 20, 47 (1987).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yan, X.D., Wang, Z.H., He, M., Hou, Z.H., Xia, T., Liu, G., and Chen, X.B.: TiO2 nanomaterials as anode materials for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. Energy Technol. 3, 801 (2015).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
He, M., Wang, Z.H., Yan, X.D., Tian, L.H., Liu, G., and Chen, X.B.: Hydrogenation effects on the lithium ion battery performance of TiOF2. J. Power Sources 306, 309 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, J.Q., Zhuang, Q.C., Shi, Y.L., Yan, X.D., Zhao, X., and Chen, X.B.: Tertiary butyl hydroquinone as a novel additive for SEI film formation in lithium-ion batteries. RSC Adv. 6, 42885 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shi, Y.L., Sun, S.B., Liu, J.J., Cui, Y.L., Zhuang, Q.C., and Chen, X.B.: Enhanced charge storage of Li3FeF6 with carbon nanotubes for lithium-ion batteries. RSC Adv. 6, 113283 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, L.Y., Zhuo, L.H., and Zhao, F.Y.: Carbon dioxide-expanded ethanol-assisted synthesis of carbon-based metal composites and their catalytic and electrochemical performance in lithium-ion batteries. Chin. J. Catal. 37, 218 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jing, M.J., Zhou, M.J., Li, G.Y., Chen, Z.G., Xu, W.Y., Chen, X.B., and Hou, Z.H.: Graphene-embedded Co3O4 rose-spheres for enhanced performance in lithium ion batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9, 9662 (2017).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bernstein, P.A. and Lever, A.B.P.: Two-electron oxidation of cobalt phthalocyanines by thionyl chloride. Implications for lithium/thionyl chloride batteries. Inorg. Chem. 29, 608 (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, X., Huang, X., Gao, R., Zhang, R., and Zhao, J.: Improved performance of Li/SOCl2 batteries using binuclear metal azaphthalocyanines as electrocatalysts. Electrochim. Acta 222, 203 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Iijima, S.: Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature 354, 56 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gottschalk, F., Sonderer, T., Scholz, R.W., and Nowack, B.: Modeled environmental concentrations of engineered nanomaterials (TiO2, ZnO, Ag, CNT, fullerenes) for different regions. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43, 9216 (2009).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esawi, A.M.K., Morsi, K., Sayed, A., Taher, M., and Lanka, S.: Effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) content on the mechanical properties of CNT-reinforced aluminium composites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 70, 2237 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Timur, S., Anik, U., Odaci, D., and Gorton, L.: Development of a microbial biosensor based on carbon nanotube (CNT) modified electrode. Electrochem. Commun. 9, 1810 (2007).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ren, J., Li, L., Chen, C., Chen, X., Cai, Z., Qiu, L., and Peng, H.: Twisting carbon nanotube fibers for both wire-shaped micro-supercapacitor and micro-battery. Adv. Mater. 25, 1155 (2013).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, S.W., Yabuuchi, N., Gallant, B.M., Chen, S., Kim, B.S., Hammond, P.T., and Shao-Horn, Y.: High-power lithium batteries from functionalized carbon-nanotube electrodes. Nat. Nanotechnol. 5, 531 (2010).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sakamoto, J.S. and Dunn, B.: Vanadium oxide-carbon nanotube composite electrodes for use in secondary lithium batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 149, A26 (2002).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsaur, K.‐C. and Pollard, R.: Mathematical modeling of the lithium, thionyl chloride static cell I. Neutral electrolyte. J. Electrochem. Soc. 131, 975 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, F., Harnisch, F., Schröder, U., Scholz, F., Bogdanoff, P., and Herrmann, I.: Application of pyrolysed iron(II) phthalocyanine and CoTMPP based oxygen reduction catalysts as cathode materials in microbial fuel cells. Electrochem. Commun. 7, 1405 (2005).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bao, Z., Lovinger, A.J., and Dodabalapur, A.: Organic field‐effect transistors with high mobility based on copper phthalocyanine. Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 3066 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abraham, K.M. and Jiang, Z.: A polymer electrolyte‐based rechargeable lithium/oxygen battery. J. Electrochem. Soc. 143, 1 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, F., Wu, F., and Yang, K.: Effect of phthalocyanine compounds on the performance of MH/Ni battery. Acta Phys.-Chim. Sin. 19, 854 (2003).Google Scholar
Chamberlain, G.A. and Cooney, P.: J Photoelectric properties of aluminium/copper phthalocyanine/gold photovoltaic cells. Chem. Phys. Lett. 66, 88 (1979).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Özen, Ü.E., Doğan, E., Özer, M., Bekaroğlu, Ö., and Özkaya, A.R.: Communication—High-performance and non-precious bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis with binuclear ball-type phthalocyanine based complexes for zinc-air batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 163, A2001 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Y., Chen, J., Jiang, C., Ding, N., Wang, C., Li, D., and Zhong, S.: Tetra-β-nitro-substituted phthalocyanines: A new organic electrode material for lithium batteries. J. Solid State Electrochem. 21, 947 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, R., Wang, J., Xu, B., Huang, X., Xu, Z., and Zhao, J.: Catalytic activity of binuclear transition metal phthalocyanines in electrolyte operation of lithium/thionyl chloride battery. J. Electrochem. Soc. 159, H704 (2012).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, Z., Jiang, Q., Zhang, R., Gao, R., and Zhao, J.: J. Graphene/phthalocyanine composites and binuclear metal phthalocyanines with excellent electrocatalytic performance to Li/SOCl2 battery. Electrochim. Acta 187, 81 (2016).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gao, Y., Li, S., Wang, X., Zhang, R., Zhang, G., Zheng, Y., and Zhao, J.: J. Carbon nanotubes chemically modified by metal phthalocyanines with excellent electrocatalytic activity to Li/SOCl2 battery. J. Electrochem. Soc. 164, A1140 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, Z., Zhang, G., Cao, Z., Zhao, J., and Li, H.: Effect of N atoms in the backbone of metal phthalocyanine derivatives on their catalytic activity to lithium battery. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 318, 101 (2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snow, A.W., Griffith, J.R., and Marullo, N.P.: Syntheses and characterization of heteroatom-bridged metal-free phthalocyanine network polymers and model compounds. Macromolecules 17, 1614 (1984).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rajmohan, K.S. and Chetty, R.: Enhanced nitrate reduction with copper phthalocyanine-coated carbon nanotubes in a solid polymer electrolyte reactor. J. Appl. Electrochem. 47, 63 (2017).CrossRefGoogle Scholar