To explore the factors associated with the operative duration for paediatric tracheobronchial foreign body removal by rigid bronchoscopy, and to analyse the learning curve for mastery of the rigid bronchoscopy skill.

A retrospective study was performed of paediatric cases of tracheobronchial foreign body removal by rigid bronchoscopy in our department from January 2007 to July 2019. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to analyse the factors associated with the operative duration. In addition, the learning curves for two doctors were evaluated by curve-fitting regression analysis.

A total of 410 paediatric cases of tracheobronchial foreign body removal by rigid bronchoscopy were evaluated. The operative duration was significantly influenced by the skill of the doctor. The learning curves for both doctor A and doctor B demonstrated two typical phases: an initially rapidly changing learning phase followed by a steady consolidation phase.

The operative duration for paediatric tracheobronchial foreign body removal by rigid bronchoscopy was associated with the skill of the doctor. In order to fully master the rigid bronchoscopy technique, doctors should perform a minimum number of procedures to pass the learning phase and reach the consolidation phase.

Myoepithelioma is a rare benign neoplasm, most commonly derived from salivary glands, but there are limited cases of extra salivary gland involvement too. There is little knowledge on typical investigative findings and, instead, diagnosis relies on immunohistochemistry analysis. To our knowledge, this paper reports the 13th case of sinonasal myoepithelioma in the English literature.

This paper presents a 25-year-old man who complained of chronic nasal obstruction. A sinonasal mass was noted on examination that appeared benign on imaging. Biopsy revealed a grade 2 chondrosarcoma that was endoscopically resected; however, excisional margins were positive. On histopathological review at the multidisciplinary team meeting, the lesion was more in keeping with chondromyxoid fibroma, but immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed a myoepithelioma lesion. In light of this revised diagnosis, quorate opinion was for follow up with active monitoring.

Sinonasal tumours require a thorough history, examination and investigation before a treatment plan can be formulated. If there is diagnostic uncertainty, it is important to keep a wide differential list and seek a second specialist opinion where possible.